2018年山东专升本英语试题(1)

2018年山东专升本英语试题(1)，本套试卷是2018年山东专升本英语试题，有答案。

一、Vocabulary and Structure

1.We must____ that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.

A.assure
B.secure
C.ensure
D.issue

2._____the English examination I would have gone to the concert last night.

A.In spite of
B.But for
C.Because of
D.As for

3.I need to move to a larger apartment. Do you know of any_____ ones in this neighborhood?

A.vacant
B.bare
C.blank
D.empty

4.You____ John in the street this morning，He’s been dead for ages.

A.mustn’t see
B.mustn’t have seen
C.couldn"t see
D.couldn"t have seen

5.You can do it if you want to, but in my opinion it’s not worth the_____ it involves.

A.effort
B.attempt
C.force
D.strength

6.If they hadn"t spend all the money on the stocks, their life____ so miserable at the moment.

A.would not have been
B.will not have been
C.are not
D.would not be

7.People in that district _____ use oil lamps, for there is no gas or electricity.

A.can
B.may
C.must
D.have to

8.My brother likes eating very much but he isn’t very ____about the food he eats.

A.special
B.peculiar
C.particular
D.unusual

9.His anger was_____ that he stood there speechless.

A.so
B.very
C.as
D.such

10.That____ me of the days I spent in the countryside.

A.reminded
B.remembered
C.memorized
D.recalled

11.Students with financial problems are troubled by high tuition_____.

A.money
B.costs
C.fees
D.prices

12.The dish_____terrible! I don"t like it at all.

A.tastes
B.tasted
C.will taste
D.is tasted

13.______of the three sisters you choose to marry, you will have a good wife.

A.Whichever
B.Which
C.Whatever
D.Any

14.At this time next week, we_____the matter with our friends

A.are going to discuss
B.will be discussing
C.are discussing
D.are to discuss

15.Don’t touch that wire, it’s ____.

A.living
B.alive
C.live
D.lively

16.The improvements in technology have ______the prices of computer considerably in recent months.

A.brought back
B.brought down
C.brought on
D.brought up

17.As the manager’s private secretary, Helen has easy ______ to all his correspondence.

A.access
B.approach
C.accent
D.response

18.The editor asked his journalists not to _____ any details in their reports of the accident.

A.leave for
B.leave on
C.leave off
D.leave out

19.The party had to be______because the host went down with a bad case of flu.

A.called in
B.called off
C.called on
D.called up

20.Since his wife died, he has______ himself into the research work.

A.devoted
B.dedicated
C.thrown
D.contributed

21.He has spent all his life working with mentally______people.

A.disabled
B.diverged
C.naked
D.abolished

22.The road to the island only appears when the tide has______.

A.sprinkled
B.receded
C.tilted
D.diminished

23.Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to______the impact of the oil spill.

A.reject
B.belittle
C.minimize
D.reclaim

24.I would always______buying a good quality car rather than a cheap one.

A.appreciate
B.approve
C.introduce
D.recommend

25.I didn’ t know anything about any of the books so my choice was quite______.

A.arbitrary
B.obvious
C.evident
D.fortunate

26.I followed her______but I still couldn’ t work out how to use the sewing machine.

A.description
B.introduction
C.instructions
D.comments

27.Employees are______to join the company’s pension plan after a year’s service.

A.compelled
B.acquired
C.responded
D.regarded

28.She soon______the actor who had starred in the popular movie Speed.

A.specified
B.realized
C.justified
D.identified

29.We collected hundreds of______in support of not allowing cars into the city centre.

A.signatures
B.awareness
C.stationery
D.statements

30.The young man struggled to ______where he was at the time the murder took place.

A.reflect
B.respond
C.resolve
D.recall

二、Reading Comprehension

1.How much living space does a person need? What happens when his space requirements are not adequately met? Sociologists and psychologists are conducting experiments on rats to try to determine the effect of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior. of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have adequate living space, they eat well, sleep well, and reproduce well. However, if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior. patterns and even their health perceptibly change. They cannot sleep or eat well, and signs of fear and tension become obvious. The more crowded they are, the more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus for rats, population and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is adequate space not only desirable, but also essential for human survival?  This passage is mainly about ______.

A.living space and behavior
B.population and living conditions
C.interesting experiments on rats
D.a natural law for human society

2.What is the purpose of the experiments described in the passage?

A.To determine how much living space a rat needs.
B.To see what happens when rats live in a limited space.
C.To know the likely effects of inadequate living space on human beings.
D.To find out the relationship between population and living conditions.

3.How would rats behave when their living conditions become too crowded?

A.They eat a lot and become friendly to others.
B.They sleep little and act quite peacefully.
C.They eat little but sleep soundly.
D.They become nervous and tend to be war-like.

4.The passage suggests that overcrowded conditions ______.

A.are directly related with population
B.may cause an increase in violence
C.may lead to high birth rate
D.may bring about pollution problems

5.The factors that add up to a happy life for most people are not what we typically hear about. Things like earning a master’s degree don’t make people happy over an extended period of time. Rather, the key to happiness, and the difference between happy and unhappy Americans, is a life that reflects values and practices like, hard work, marriage, charity, and freedom. Work When more than 1,000 people across the country were asked in 2002, "If you were to get enough money to live comfortably for the rest of your life, would you stop working?" fewer than a third of the Americans answered yes. Contrary to widely held opinion, most Americans like or even love their work. In 2002 an amazing 89 percent of workers said they were very satisfied or somewhat satisfied with their jobs. This isn't true just for those with high-paying, highly skilled jobs but for all workers across the country. And the percentage is almost exactly the same among those with and without college degrees and among those working for private companies, nonprofit organizations, and the government. For most Americans, job satisfaction is nearly equivalent to life satisfaction. Among those people who say they are very happy in their lives, 95 percent are also satisfied with their jobs. Furthermore, job satisfaction would seem to be causing overall happiness, not the other way around. Marriage & Family In 2004, 42 percent of married Americans said they were very happy. Just 23 percent of never-married people said this. Overall, married people were six times more likely lo say that they were very happy than to report that they were not too happy. And generally speaking, married women say they're happy more often than married men. Marriage isn’t just associated with happiness --it brings happiness, at least for a lot of us. One 2003 study that followed 24,000 people for more than a decade documented a significant increase in happiness after people married. For some, the happiness increase wore off in a few years, and they ended up back at their premarriage happiness levels. But for others, it lasted as long as a lifetime. What about having kids? While children, on their own, don't appear to raise the happiness level (they actually tend to slightly lower the happiness of a marriage), studies suggest that children arc almost always part of an overall lifestyle. of happiness, which is likely to include such things as marriage and religion. Charity We've all heard that money doesn't buy happiness, and that’s certainly true. But there is one way to get it: Give money away. The evidence is clear that gifts to charitable organizations and other worthy causes bring substantial life satisfaction to the givers. If you want $50 in authentic happiness today Just donate it to a favorite charity. People who give money to charity are 43 percent more likely than nongivers to say they're very happy. Volunteers are 42 percent more likely to be very happy than nonvolunteers. It doesn’t matter whether the gifts of money go to churches or concerts; religious giving and unreligious giving leave people equally happy, and far happier than people who don't give. Even donating blood, an especially personal kind of giving, improves our attitude. Fundamentally, the more people give, the happier they get. Freedom In fact, freedom and happiness are intimately related: People who consider themselves free are a lot happier than those who don't. In 2000 the General Social Survey revealed that people who personally feel "completely free" or "very free” were twice as likely as those who don't to say they’re very happy about their lives. Not all types of freedom are the same in terms of happiness, however. Researchers have shown that economic freedom brings happiness, as does political and religious freedom. On the other hand, moral freedom ----a lack of constraints on behavior. ----does not. People who feel they have unlimited moral choices in their lives when it comes to matters of sex or drugs, for example, tend to be unhappier than those who do not feel they have so many choices in life. Lessons for America The data tell us that what matters most for happiness is not having a lot of things but having healthy values. Without these values，our jobs and our economy will bring us joyless riches. The facts can help remind us of what we should be paying attention to, as individuals and as families, if we want to be happy. Our happiness is simply too important to us -- and to America -- to do anything less. What will probably bring about overall happiness?

A.To be satisfied with one’s job.
B.To earn a lot of money.
C.To work for big companies.
D.To gain a college degree.

6.Generally, men in marriage _____ than women in marriage.

A.are probably under greater pressure
B.are more inclined to feel they are happy
C.are less likely to state they arc happy
D.are contributing more to the family

7.According to the author, in what way can money bring happiness?

A.Buy anything you want.
B.Give your money away.
C.Pay to listen to a concert.
D.Own a large amount of it.

8.What rarely brings in happiness?

A.Religious freedom.
B.Economic freedom.
C.Political freedom.
D.Moral freedom.

9.Many people hope that the whole world will one day speak a common language. Over the Years, people have made up new languages with this aim. At least six hundred languages have been developed in the search for a language which all human beings would be able to speak. The most famous one, Esperanto ( 世界语) , was the idea of Ludwig Zamenhof, a doctor in Warsaw. He published a book about his new language in To encourage people to learn the Language, he made it as simple as possible. Esperanto has never been accepted as an official world language, but it has been suggested as an auxiliary language. By 1950 it had been taught to one and a half million speakers, and it was spoken in six hundred schools. Today Esperanto is spoken by about eight million people, and more than one hundred newspapers and magazines in the language are published regularly throughout the world. Thousands of books have been written in Esperanto, including those translated from other languages. Today the need for a new auxiliary language like Esperanto seems less obvious. Throughout this century English has grown more and more important. It has become a second language for many millions of people. The fact that more are learning English shows that the use of English is still growing worldwide. No one would deny the usefulness of world language, but not many people think that Esperanto is likely to play such a role.  Over the years, people have made up new languages in the hope that ______.

A.all people will be able to speak a common language
B.people will learn a foreign language better
C.people can understand each other better
D.people will be able to speak several languages

10.Zamenhof made the language as simple as possible because ______.

A.he wanted people to learn it quickly
B.he hoped more and more people would be willing to learn it
C.he wanted everyone to speak it without any difficulty
D.he hoped it would be accepted as an official world language

11.Which of the following is NOT true of English?

A.It is widely taught in schools.
B.It has become a second language for many millions of people.
C.Many books have been written in English.
D.It is less popular than Esperanto.

12.What is the best title of the passage?

A.The language made by one man.
B.A talk about the world language.
C.English as a second language for everyone.
D.Esperanto—a better language than English.

13.After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had news to report: The damage and death toll could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25 ,000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a. m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city ’ s buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers aren’t resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake - resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake - resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes. One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low was that ______.

A.new computers had been installed in the buildings
B.it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highways
C.large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday
D.improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways

14.The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to ______.

A.counterbalance an earthquake’s action on the building
B.predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracy
C.help strengthen the foundation of the building
D.measure the impact of an earthquake’ s vibrations

15.It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on ______.

A.the increasing use of rubber and steel in capital construction
B.the development of flexible building materials
C.the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations
D.early forecasts of earthquakes

16.The main purpose of this passage is mostly to______.

A.compare the consequences of the earthquakes that occurred in the U. S.
B.encourage civil engineers to make extensive use of computers
C.outline the history of the development of quake - resistant building materials
D.report new developments in constructing quake - resistant building

三、Translation

1.There is another conversation which from our point of view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read.

2. The poverty line is the lowest income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with income below the poverty line are considered poor.

3. 我过去常常浪费很多时间玩游戏。 _____________________________________________________________________________

4. 理论上说，你的计划听上去不错，但实际上行得通吗? _____________________________________________________________________________

5. 小女孩的歌声给老人带来了欢乐，帮住他忍受住种种生活的艰辛。 _____________________________________________________________________________

四、Writing

1.S城的交通拥挤现象日趋严重，事故时有发生，特别是在早晚上、下班高峰期。市政府决定采取措施改善交通现状，向广大市民征集建议。请根据下面的要点向市政府提出建议。(1)修缮公路，改善路面状况;(2)修筑立交桥，缓解交通阻塞现象;(3)控制小轿车的产量。要求：短文需要涉及上述所有内容，可以适当增加内容，阐述自己的其他想法。