2002年江苏专转本（英语）真题试卷

一、1.

1.In Washington D. C. , 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue is a very special address. It is the address of the White House, the home of the President of the United States.
  Originally the White House was gray and was called the Presidential Palace. It was built from 1792 to 1800. At this time, the city of Washington itself was being built. It was to be the nation"s new capital city. George Washington, the first President, and Pierre Charles L"Enfant, a French engineer, chose the place for the new city. L"Enfant then planned the city. The President"s home was an important part of the plan.
  A contest was held to pick a design for the President"s home. An architect named James Hoban won. He designed a large three-story house of gray stone.
  President Washington never lived in the Presidential Palace. The first President to live there was John Adams, the second President of the United States, and his wife. Mrs. Adams did not really like her new house. In her letters, she often complained about the cold. Fifty fireplaces were not enough to keep the house warm.
  In 1812 the United States and Britain went to war. In 1814 the British invaded Washington. They burned many buildings, including the Presidential Palace.
  After the war James Hoban, the original architect, partially rebuilt the President"s home. To cover the marks of the fire, the building was painted white. Before long it became known as the White House.
  The White House is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the United States. Every year more than 1. 5 million visitors go through the five rooms that are open to the public.

The White House was built in Washington______.

A．because a French engineer was invited to design it
B．because President George Washington liked to live in it
C．because the British invaders lived in it in 1812—1814
D．because it was to be the nation"s capital city

2.
The Presidential Palace was______.

A．painted gray and white
B．made of gray stone
C．made of white stone
D．made very warm in winter

3.
The President"s home and the city of Washington were______.

A．built by the American army
B．built by the British troops
C．planned by George Washington
D．planned by the French

4.
The original home of the President needed to be rebuilt______.

A．because John Adams" wife did not like it
B．because it was cold in winter even with 50 fireplaces
C．because it had burned down during the war
D．because George Washington was not willing to live in it

5.
The new presidential home was painted white to ______.

A．cover the marks of fire
B．attract tourists from France
C．to please Mrs. John Adams
D．keep it warm in winter

7.There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in longterm memory can be remembered at a later time when it is needed. The information may be kept for days or weeks. However, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over. The following experiment shows how short-term memory has been studied.
  Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students. They represented all levels of ability in English; beginning, intermediate, advanced, and native-speaking students.
  To begin, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test to see which words they remembered. Each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.
  Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students with a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Henning"s results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, while advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.

Henning made the experiment in order to study ______.

A．how students remember English vocabulary by short-term memory
B．how students learnEnglish vocabulary
C．how to develop students" ability in English
D．how long information in short-term memory is kept

8.
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Information in short term memory is different from that in long-term memory.
B．Long-term memory can be achieved only by training.
C．It is easier to test short-term memory than long-term memory.
D．Henning gave a separate test on vocabulary to his students.

9.
From Henning"s results we can see that______.

A．beginners have difficulty distinguishing the pronunciation of words
B．advanced students remember words by their meaning
C．it is difficult to remember words that sound alike
D．it is difficult to remember words that have the same meaning

10.
The word "subject" in the passage means______.

A．the college course the students take
B．the theme of the listening material
C．a branch of knowledge studied
D．the student experimented on

11.
The passage centers on______.

A．memory
B．two kinds of memory
C．short-term memory
D．an experiment on students

13.The cowboy is the hero of many movies. He is, even today, a symbol of courage and adventure. But what was the life of the cowboy really like?
  The cowboy"s job is clear from the word cowboy. Cowboys were men who took care of cows and other cattle. The cattle were in the West and in Texas. People in the cities of the East wanted beef from these cattle. Trains could take the cattle east. But first the cattle had to get to the trains. Part of the cowboy"s job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad towns.
  The trips were called cattle drives. A cattle drive usually took several months. Cowboys rode for sixteen hours a day. Because they rode so much, each cowboy brought along about eight horses. A cowboy changed horses several times each day.
  The cowboys had to make sure that the cattle arrived safely. Before starting on a drive, the cowboys branded the cattle. They burned a mark on the cattle to show who they belonged to. But these marks didn"t stop rustlers, or cattle thieves. Cowboys had to protect the cattle from rustlers. Rustlers made the dangerous trip even more dangerous.
  Even though their work was very difficult and dangerous, cowboys did not earn much money. They were paid badly. Yet cowboys liked their way of life. They lived in a wild and open country. They lived a life of adventure and freedom.

A cowboy is a symbol of______.

A．courage and adventure
B．a hard life and big pay
C．movies in the past
D．cows and other cattle

14.
The cowboys" job was______.

A．to be a hero in real life
B．to be a hero of the movie
C．to take care of cattle
D．to be a dangerous rusder

15.
During a cattle drive, cowboys took a group of cows from a wild and open country to

A．the West states and Texas
B．the cities of the East States
C．the people who eat beef in the cities
D．the railroad towns hundred miles away

16.
On their way of cattle drives, the cowboys protected the cattle by______.

A．burning a mark on their cows
B．keeping an eye on catde thieves
C．making the trip more dangerous
D．looking after eight cows each person

17.
Cowboys enjoyed themselves because______.

A．they liked their way of life
B．they made a lot of money
C．they had a very difficult job
D．they were heroes in movies

19.Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption of energy, increased demand for raw materials, accelerated flow of materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use each person. The history of industrial development abounds with examples.
  In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on U. S. farms. One horse or mule was required to support four human beings—a ratio that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been asked to forecast the horse and the population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic or technological turn of mind. Had they been "economists" , they would probably have projected the 1970 horse or mule population to be more than 50 million. Had they been "technologists", they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that it would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.

According to the passage, what supplied most of the power on U. S. farms in 170?

A．Animals.
B．Humans.
C．Engines.
D．Water.

20.
Which of the following is not mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technological developments?

A．Older technologies die away.
B．The quality of life is improved.
C．Overall productivity increases.
D．More raw materials become necessary.

21.
It can be inferred from the passage that by 170______.

A．technology began to be more economical
B．the steam engine had been invented
C．the U. S. horse population was about 10 million
D．a national commission on agriculture had been established

22.
In the second paragraph, the author suggests that "economists" would______.

A．plan the economy through yearly forecasts
B．fail to consider the influence of technological innovation
C．value the economic contribution of farm animals
D．consult the national commission on the economy

23.
What is the author"s attitude toward changes brought on by technological innovations?

A．He is excited about them.
B．He accepts them as natural.
C．He is disturbed by them.
D．He questions their usefulness.

二、2.Vocabulary and Structure

0. ______the difficulties associated with the project, we"ll go on with it.

A．Given
B．In spite of
C．Thanks to
D．Because of

1. It was almost dark in the streets______ a few very powerful spotlights.

A．excluding
B．but for
C．except
D．except for

2. ______today, he would get there by Friday.

A．Would he leave
B．If he leaves
C．Was he leaving
D．Were he to leave

3. He gave me some very______advice on buying a house.

A．precious
B．expensive
C．wealthy
D．dear

4. His goal is not to become a sportsman______a champion in a certain field.

A．but rather became
B．but rather to become
C．but rather becoming
D．but rather to becoming

5. I just met her______on the way home from the bookstore.

A．on purpose
B．by accident
C．in accident
D．in case

6. I don"t know about him, ______comment on him behind his back.

A．let alone
B．let go
C．leave alone
D．take leave

7. My transistor radio is out of order. It______.

A．need to be repaired
B．need repairing
C．needs repairing
D．needs to repair

8. No one could tell us anything about the______strangers.

A．conscious
B．mysterious
C．serious
D．previous

9. Mary______all foolish comments and kept on working.

A．excluded
B．ignored
C．denied
D．discharged

10. I agree with him______, but not entirely.

A．until a certain point
B．to some point
C．to some extent
D．until a certain extent

11. People in some parts of the world often take their water for______. They use as much water as they wish.

A．granted
B．sure
C．certain
D．pleasure

12. Color-blind people often find it difficult to______between blue and green.

A．separate
B．compare
C．contrast
D．distinguish

13. Thousands of people in the city______to welcome the visiting guests.

A．turned off
B．turned up
C．turned out
D．turned over

14. The mountain place is beautiful, but______the working conditions, it is terrible.

A．when mentioned
B．when it comes to
C．when it is said
D．when it dies to

15. Are you______spending more money on the space program?

A．in favor of
B．by favor of
C．in favor to
D．out of favor

16. In the ______ of many parents, standards of education in the public school are actually falling.

A．idea
B．thought
C．opinion
D．principle

17. ______from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a "blue planet".

A．Seeing
B．To be seen
C．Seen
D．Having seen

18. This year"s total output value of industry and agriculture will increase ______5 percent over last year.

A．by
B．to
C．of
D．with

19. Mary is the top student in the class. She studies harder______.

A．than any student
B．than all the students
C．than any other student
D．than some other student

20. Many people have applied for the ______position.

A．empty
B．bare
C．vacant
D．blank

21. My new shoes cost me 50 yuan (RMB). The price was______that of the last pair I bought a month ago.

A．two time more than
B．twice as much as
C．as twice
D．as much as twice

22. Almost everyone failed______on the first day.

A．pass his driving test
B．to have passed his driving test
C．to pass his driving test
D．passing his driving test

23. Over the traditional festival people visit each other and______greetings.

A．exchange
B．wish
C．congratulate
D．present

24. It was______ because he was tired out that he fell asleep standing up.

A．publicly
B．openly
C．specifically
D．obviously

25. The young man was accused of______the lady of her money.

A．stealing
B．robbing
C．taking
D．grasping

26. No matter where our Party needs us, we will______her call.

A．give answer for
B．respond to
C．have response to
D．answer to

27. It is astonishing that a person of your intelligence______ be cheated so easily,

A．could
B．should
C．might
D．would

28. We were completely______when we finally reached the destination.

A．worn off
B．worn down
C．worn out
D．worn away

29. Many things______impossible in the past are common today.

A．considered
B．to consider
C．considering
D．to be considered

30. Not until many years later______known.

A．was the whole truth become
B．did the whole truth become
C．the whole truth became
D．the whole truth had become

31. We didn"t know his telephone number, otherwise we______him.

A．would telephone
B．would have telephoned
C．had telephoned
D．must have telephoned

32. There is no point______with him, since he has already made up his mind.

A．argue
B．to argue
C．in arguing
D．of arguing

33. I appreciate ______that letter for me.

A．you to write
B．your writing
C．you write
D．that you writing

34. I"d like to______a special seat for the concert of May

A．serve
B．reserve
C．preserve
D．conserve

35. ______that your son is well again, you no longer have anything to worry about.

A．Since
B．Now
C．When
D．After

36. Generally speaking, all kinds of materials will expand when heated but will______ when cooled.

A．contrast
B．contract
C．survive
D．return

37. You won"t know if it fits you until you______it on.

A．will try
B．are trying
C．are to try
D．have tried

38. After all efforts in vain, he had to accept the result______.

A．regularly
B．shallowly
C．physically
D．painfully

39. The rest of his life is______to the cause of international exchange of visiting scholars.

A．added
B．put
C．saved
D．committed

三、3.Cloze

1.Two old gentlemen lived in a quiet street in Paris. They were friends and neighbors, and they often went for a walk together in the streets when the weather was fine. Last Saturday they went for a walk at the side 【61】 the river. The sun shone, the weather was warm, there 【62】 a lot of flowers everywhere, and there were boats on 【63】 water.
  The two men walked happily for half an hour, 【64】 then one of them said to the other, "That"s a 【65】 beautiful girl. "
  "Where can you see a beautiful girl?" said the 【66】 "I can"t see one anywhere. I can see two young 【67】 They"re walking towards us. "
  "The girl"s walking behind us. " 【68】 the first man quietly.
  "But how can you see her 【69】 ?" asked his friend.
  The first man smiled and said. "I 【70】 see her. but I can see the two young men"s eyes. "
(61)

A．in
B．on
C．of
D．with

2.(62)

A．were
B．was
C．is
D．are

3.(63)

A．a
B．for
C．hot
D．the

4.(64)

A．as
B．and
C．though
D．if

5.(65)

A．ugly
B．more
C．very
D．few

6.(66)

A．another
B．lady
C．other
D．girl

7.(67)

A．girl
B．men
C．man
D．boats

8.(68)

A．said
B．lived
C．cried
D．walked

9.(69)

A．but
B．pretty
C．men
D．then

10.(70)

A．can
B．can"t
C．do
D．did

12.A contract is an agreement between two or more people 【71】 one person agrees to do something by a specified date in return for something done by 【72】 Usually the contract is a written document signed and dated by both 【73】 It must state clearly the consideration, that is, what is to be given or done by one person in 【74】 for what is given or done by the other . If one person does 【75】 was promised and the other does not, that other may be sued in court and required by court in order to make compensations. He or she 【76】 also be required to pay for damages suffered as a result of the failure to perform. The things 【77 】by both parties must be stated in definite terms 【78】 the court will hold that contract is 【79】 vague and general to be enforced. 【80】 the time period within which the work is to be done must be definite or the court will say that the document is not a contract.
(71)

A．in which
B．that
C．which
D．on that

13.(72)

A．another
B．the other
C．other
D．others

14.(73)

A．parts
B．parties
C．people
D．aspects

15.(74)

A．replace
B．payment
C．change
D．exchange

16.(75)

A．that
B．the thing
C．what
D．something

17.(76)

A．need
B．ought to
C．has
D．may

18.(77)

A．to be done
B．done
C．to do
D．being done

19.(78)

A．and
B．else
C．or
D．so

20.(79)

A．so
B．rather
C．too
D．over

21.(80)

A．Similar
B．Similarly
C．The same
D．Too

四、4.Word Formation

0. We have come to the______(conclude)that there is no life on the planet of Venus.

1. ______ (short)after she graduated from the college, she went abroad with her parents.

2. If you are in need of help, you"d better not______(hesitation)to tell me.

3. The dying man said______(vague)to his lawyer, "I will leave all my property to the orphans. "

4. A______(horrify)scream was heard at the dark midnight.

5. ______(confident)is the key factor in communicating with the opposite sex.

6. There are some______(indicate)that they are generous young souls.

7. Please don"t______(understand)me, My sole intention is to help you.

8. Children have a natural______(curious)about the world around them.

9. She needs some comfort, but I really can"t think of anything______(suit)to say.

五、5.

Section B
Directions: Translate the following Chinese into English.

0. No agreement was reached关于该计划如何执行。

1. Practice makes perfect，正如俗话所说。

2. 如果天气许可的话，the spaceship will be launched tomorrow morning．

3. 就技术和财力而言，his proposal does sound feasible．

4. The police officer was removed from office因为他多次玩忽职守。

5. 面对严重的财务问题，the company had to lay off some of the workers．

6. 要不是交通堵塞的话，we should have arrived at the station in time．

7. 正是他的懒惰that resulted in his failure in the final examination．

8. 只要这本书值得一读，I’ll try all means to get it．

9. 老师从班上随便挑选了几位学生and asked them to help him with his experiment．

六、6.

Section A
Directions: Translate the following English into Chinese.

0. Should it be absolutely necessary for you to leave the table during the meal, you should ask the hostess to excuse you.

1. It had never occurred to him to start a family until he met Susan.

2. Strange as it may sound, I do feel that the more I learn, the less I know.

3. After his recovery from the illness, he made up his mind to give up smoking for good.

4. In many cases, hard work alone does not necessarily lead to success.

5. I meant to cheer her up, but apparently my tactless words made her all the more depressed.

6. I was tempted to quarrel with my parents, but I managed to hold my tongue.

7. Teachers are supposed to be patient and not to lose their temper no matter what mistakes their students make.

8. Usually students are expected to read and think for themselves, but sometimes they are required to work together with their classmates.

9. With population growth in an ever-shortening cycle, it is rather doubtful whether the earth can provide enough food for mankind.