2011年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题07

希赛网英语频道为大家整理2011年全国医学博士英语统一考试真题。

Part IV Reading Comprehension (30%)

Passage Five

Children are spending an increasing amount of time using computers. Computers are now found in most classrooms, and in the majority of homes, almost always with internet access. However, many studies of children5 s use of computers show that there are possible negative effects. This essay will explain the possible negative effects of computer use on children, focusing on the effects on family and peer relationships and the increased tendency towards violent behavior.

Computer use may negatively affect the social relationship between children and their parents. Because children spend so much time on computers, they often know more about advanced computer use than their parents. According to Subrahmanyam and his colleagues (2001) this often leads to a role reversal, where the child becomes a teacher to the parent. In other words, it is often the case that a highly computer literate teenager will teach their parents how to use the more complex functions of computer technology. This can lead to a reduction in parental authority. Moreover, with the anonymity of online communication ,computer users do not know if they are talking to a child or an adult, so all users are treated equally (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). Children may then expect the same equality in real life, further contributing

to a breakdown in the parent-children relationship (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001).

Children’s peer relationships can also be negatively affected by extensive computer use. Since computers are more likely to be used in isolation by children, they spend little time interacting with their peers (Shields & Behrman, 2001). As a result, children may not develop the social skills they need, or be able to maintain friendships in the real world ( Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). With the very extended computer use, this isolation from the real world can lead to loneliness and even depression (Shields & Behrman, 2001).

A disturbing possible effect of computer use on children is the link between computer games and violence. Current research has already documented a strong link between violent films and television and aggressive behavior in children, so it is reasonable to believe that a similar link will be found between violent behavior in children and violence in computer games (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). However, as Shields Behrman (2001) points out, it is important to note that although the games may affect all children, children who prefer violent games could be most affected.

In conclusion, using a computer, particularly for extended periods, may affect the parent-children relationship in families. It could also result in children not learning the social skills they need to interact with peers and maintain friendships. Moreover, it seems likely that playing violent computer games is linked to violence in children. Although the research is not conclusive, it appears that extended use of computers could have a negative effect on children3 s social development.

81. From the very beginning, the author is trying to draw out attention to .

A. crimes on rise at school

B.a decline in family value

C. the negative effects of children  overuse of computer

D. the increasing number of investigations on education

82. Which is the best reason for the reduction of parental authority according to the passage?

A. Children become teachers to their parents.

B.Parents are fossilized in new technology.

C. Children expect for an equal status with their parents.

D. Parents5 roles are being shrunk by the computer.

83. What does Shield Behrman imply in the passage?

A. Children greatly value the friendship with their peers.

B.Children are doomed to suffer depression by using computer.

C. Children will in no circumstances be affected by violent games.

D. Children’s inclination to aggression may derive from violent games.

84. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the negative result of playing computer games in the passage?

A. A lack of social communication. 

B.Increasing violent performance.

C. A decline in intelligence.

D. A breakdown in family relationship.

85. Where the passage might be taken from?

A. A biography.

B.A science fiction.

C. A research periodical.

D. Business newspaper.

点击返回全国医学博士英语统一考试真题汇总

素材来源：网络

>>点击注册会员，享更多英语考试相关资料，问题咨询可拨打电话400-111-9811