2014年全国医学考博英语统一考试真题09

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Part IV Reading Comprehension (30%)

Passage Six

On June 26, 2000, two scientific teams announce at the White House that they had deciphered virtually the entire human genome, a prodigious feat that involved determining the exact sequence of chemical units in human genetic material. An enthusiastic President Clinton predicted a revolution in “the diagnosis, pre-

vention and treatment of most, if not all, human diseases”.

Now, 10 years later, a sobering realization has set in. Decoding the genome has led to stunning advances in scientific knowledge and DNA-processing technologies but it has done relatively little to improve medical treatments or human health. To be fair, many scientists at the time were warning that it would be a long, slow slog to reap clinical benefits. And there have been some important advances, such as powerful new drugs for a few cancers and genetic tests that can predict whether people with breast cancer need chemotherapy. But the original hope that close study of the genome would identify mutations or variants that cause diseases like cancer, Alzheimer’ s and heart ailments—and generate treatments for them—has given way to realization that the causes of most diseases are enormously complex and not easily traced to a simple mutation or two. In the long run, it seems likely that the genomic revolution will pay off. But no one can be sure. Even if the genetic roots of some major diseases are identified, there is no guarantee that treatments can be found. The task facing science and industry in the conning decades is at least as challenging as the original deciphering of the human genome.

86. Back in the year 2000, what was exciting about the deciphered genome?

A. Its claim at the turn of the new millennium.

B. Its great potential of producing medical value.

C. President Clinton’s predicting of a moral controversy.

D. Its announcement for the first time at the White House.

87. Clinically, according to the passage, the prophecy ten years later .

A. is provided to be fair enough B. is realized in clinical trails

C. turns out to be a reality D. is far from realization

88. From our disappointment we have to realize that •

A. most human diseases cannot be conquered

B. the deciphering of the human genome was fruitless

C. the cause of disease cannot be simply explained by a mutation or two

D. many clinical harvests have nothing to do with the deciphered genome

89. It can be concluded from the passage that .

A. difficulties are hard to predict in doing science

B. sometimes it is no use finding the genetic roots of diseases

C. scientists are not supposed to make any predictions

D. the clinical benefits of the genomic revolution will take time

90. The writer5 s tone in the passage is .

A. rational B.cynical C. doubtful D. skeptical

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