2018年合肥工业大学考博英语真题

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The difference between avian flu and human flu that should be commanding our rapt attention today is that avian influenza, specifically the H5N1 strain known as bird flu, threatens to become the young people’s plague. And it is a growing contender to cause a devastating worldwide pandemic in the next few years.

We are too used to thinking of flu as an annual annoyance that kills only the frail and elderly. But that just isn't the case for H5N1. With a mortality rate of over 50 percent, this bird flu has killed over 110 people, striking the young and able-bodied the hardest. Its victims cluster predominantly among 5 to 30 years old，a pattern that has held up in the 34 known to have died from bird flu so far this year. This vulnerability may stem from the robust and fast-responding immune systems of the young. The victims overreact to the alien virus, triggering a massive immune response called a cytokine storm, turning healthy lungs into a sodden mass of dying tissues congested with blood, toxic fluid, and rampaging inflammatory cells. As air spaces choke off, the body loses oxygen and other organs fail.

Scientists have recently shown that H5N1 has ominous parallels with the devastating 1918 flu pandemic, which also jumped directly to humans from birds and disproportionately attacked the young and the strong. With a pattern highly suggestive of a cytokine storm, death sometimes come within just hours, turning many World War I troop ships into death ships.

61. A. incensed B. personify C. interact D. predicted

62. A. array B. ascertain C. probe D. perturb

63. A. application B. integration C. avenge D. intervene

64. A. conforming B. comparing C. biding D. budgeting

65. A. junctions B. junctures C. obligations D. observations

66. A. optionally B. ornamentally C. previously D. predicatively

67. A. attribution B. autonomy C. indication D. induction

68. A. immune B. seasonal C. formidable D. perceptible

69. A. analysis B. disposal C. antigen D. disincentive

70. A. avenging B. underestimating C. ascending D. underlying

71. A. potential B. respectable C. secretive D. sturdy

72. A. weary B. obtain C. wink D. retard

73. A. oriented B. kenned C. predicted D. lapsed

74. A. modification B. nomination C. penetration D. influence

75. A. paving B. altering C. retreating D. saluting

76. A. stabilities B. popularities C. concentrations D. hierarchies

77. A. abundance B. hemisphere C. fixture D. distress

78. A. burial B. argumentation C. legislation D. amount

79. A. disposals B. properties C. certainties D. blends

80. A. calculation B. assignment C. budget D. effect

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