As protector of her family’s health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant merchants who sold them.
In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home; Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own ingenuity in concocting tonics, powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand; salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts, and turpentine(松节油) to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard were basic liniments; medical teas and tonics were brewed from sunflower seeds and roots.
31. According to the passage, why were doctors in the west sometimes unable to help their patients?
32. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about patent medicines?
33. It can be inferred that most of the pioneers referred to in the passage were originally from where in the United States?
34. All of the following were mentioned in the passage as being encountered by the pioneers EXCEPT（ ）.
35. It can be inferred from the passage that in order to survive in the West, the pioneers had to be（ ）.
问题1选项
A.They did not know how to treat the unfamiliar illnesses.
B.They were more interested in establishing practices in the cities.
C.They were more concerned with doing research than with treating patients.
D.They were often overcome by diseases caught from their patients.
问题2选项
A.They do not cost much.
B.They helped heal snakebites.
C.They did not work very well.
D.They has a strong taste.
问题3选项
A.The desert
B.The West
C.The state of Mississippi
D.The East
问题4选项
A.arrow wounds
B.severe frostbite
C.desert sunburn
D.rattlesnake bites
问题5选项
A.sincere
B.young
C.resourceful
D.rich
第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:C
31. 客观细节题。根据原文Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients.（即使有医生，他们也常常像他们的病人一样缺乏知识。）故A选项“他们不知道如何治疗他们不熟悉的疾病”正确。B选项“他们对在城市建立业务更感兴趣”，C选项“他们更关心做研究而不是治疗病人”，D选项“他们经常对他们病人的疾病无可奈何”不符合原文。因此A选项正确。
32. 客观细节题。根据原文And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant merchants who sold them.（大多数专利药和卖专利药的流动商人的药品一样，都不可靠。）所以我们可以推理出专利药的效果难以保证。C选项“它们的效果不太好。”正确。A选项“它们不贵”，B选项“它们对治疗蛇咬伤有帮助”，D选项“它们味道很重”都不符合原文。故选C。
33. 推理判断题。定位在第二段第一句，提示词learn back home（从家学习到的），可以在下半句找到答案，their Eastern cousins（她们东部的表兄弟们）可推理出她们来自美国的东部地区。A选项The desert“沙漠”；B选项The west“西部”；C选项The state of Mississippi“密西西比州”，首句As protector of her family’s health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds.（作为她家庭健康的守护者，这位开拓者在穿越密西西比州之前遇到了她从未想象过的情况。很少有妇女来西部就准备好了应对沙漠晒伤、响尾蛇的咬伤或箭伤的。）由此可排除AB选项，C选项为干扰项，文中只说了穿越了密西西比并没有直接说明来自那里。故选D。
34. 客观细节题。根据原文Few women came west prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds.（很少的妇女来到西部，就能够准备应对沙漠晒伤、响尾蛇咬伤或者箭伤的。）A选项“箭伤”，C选项“沙漠晒伤”，D选项“响尾蛇咬伤”在句中都有提及，而B选项“严重的冻伤”并未涉及，故选B。
35. 语义推测题。A选项sincere“真诚的”；B选项young“年轻的”；C选项resourceful“有策略的，足智多谋的”；D选项rich“富有的”。从第一段我们知道西部地区是比较艰苦的，定位到第二段a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home.(女人可以借鉴自己在家里学到的民间智慧和疗法。)由此我们可知先锋者在西部艰苦的地方生存下来是需要有一定技巧的，故选C。
