全国2020年10月自考综合英语(一)00794真题

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全国2020年10月自考综合英语(一)00794真题

I.语法和词汇填空。阅读下面的句子,从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡(纸)上按要求填涂。(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)

1. There's no doubt           strategic thinking, like any other skill, can be improved with training.

A. which

B. that

C. how

D. what

2. They           from the national union and set up their own local organization.

A. broke off

B. broke up

C. broke down

D. broke away

3. At the beach, Susan enjoyed           the warm sand beneath her feet.

A. feel

B. being felt

C. feeling

D. to feel

4. Jack is

proof of the wonders of modem medicine.

A. living

B. alive

C. lively

D. live

5. Most employers in the job market care whether the candidates have           experience.

A. reliable

B. relevant

C. relative

D. reflective

6. It often helps to talk to someone when you're           a crisis.

A. going by

B. going over

C. going through

D. going about

7. I strongly recommend that she           her brakes checked before going on the long drive.

A. get

B. gets

C. has got

D. will get

8. I have no idea           the television isn't working.

A. when

B. why

C. how

D. whether

9. All parts of the house           the windows were in good condition.

A. better than

B. rather than

C. more than

D. other than

10. It is generally considered unwise to give a child           he or she wants.

A. whenever

B. wherever

C. whatever

D. however

11. By the time of his death in 1982 Philip Dick           over 30 science fictions and 112 short stories.

A. has written

B. had written

C. wrote

D. writes

12. Since then demand           

oil has risen steadily alongside ever-increasing travel by car, plane and ship.

A. with .

B.to

C. of

D. for

13. Please seat me            far as possible from the smoking section.

A. as

B. so

C. very

D. much

14. Tom and his company are well known in this area, but we do not do much           with him.

A. bargain

B. commerce

C. enterprise .

D. business

15. The retailer           that he would have to raise the price to make ends meet.

A. pointed out

B. gave out

C. made out

D. worked out

16. Grass absorbs carbon dioxide the same way trees           , but on a smaller scale.

A. are

B. have

C. do

D. need

17. People hope that the growing popularity of ectric cars will have an efeet           air quality in big cities.

A. for

B. on

C. with

D. at

18. Ever since Jennifer began spending Thanksgiving Day with relatives or friends, it           a source of anxiety.

A. has been

B. is

C. was

D. will be

19. It is high time that we           a different strategy- do less and think more.

A. have tried

B. try

C. tried

D. must try

20. Once we learn a sound, if it's           to us often enough, we form a memory of it.

A. recorded

B. represented

C. replied

D. repeated

II.阅读理解。认真阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容从A、B、c和D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡(纸)上按要求填涂。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

Passage 1

As a high school student in the 1970s, Mariko Kato was fascinated by physics. At an after-hours physics club at her school, she was so busy hearing Richard Feynman's lectures on quantum mechanics (量子力学) that she barely noticed she was the only girl in the room. "The complexity of nature was refined (提炼) into these simple, beatiful theories," says Kato. “I only wanted to learn more."

Her parents, however, had other dreams for their daughter- they saw her as a piano teacher for young children. When Kato announced she intended to study physics at college, Kato's mother burst into tears.“Physics is for men," she said.“It's not ladylike." Kato's experience has been replayed in countless households and casooms across Japan. Social-science and humanities courses remain popular choices for freshman women, while sciences such as physics and chemistry and enginering are still seen as disciplines for men,。

Kato, 51, kept on striving and is now an astronomy professor at Keio University. She was and continues to be an exception. Without a strong support network of female peers, women in the sciences can struggle. 

Though some have found supervisors, the hierarchical structure of Japanese academic-research teams often denies women precious and permanent positions in universities. Gender discrimination is prohibited under Japanese law. But prominent female scientists say there is a tacit (心照不 宣的) prejudice against women. A bioinformatics professor, Mitiko Go says that many professors will choose a man over an equally qualfied woman, believing that a woman will quit as soon as she marries or has children. After graduate school, Fumiko Yonezawa, a professor of theoretical physics and the first woman to lead the Physical Society of Japan in its more than 100-year history, was not hired as a fll-time faculty member until she had proved that she could raise her three daughters while continuing with her research.“I had fun keeping up both aspects of my life, but I slept only four hours at night," she says.“I didn't see a movie or go to the ballet until my first child was 10 years old." And at least she was not expected to spend long nights in a lab, but could work at the kitchen table while her girls played in the next room.

Some baby steps to help women have been taken. The Astronomy Society of Japan, for example, has provided day-care at its biannual meetings since 1997. Pressure from business and the Japanese Ministry of Education has pushed things forward, though slowly. Last month, the Chemical Society of Japan, which has had just two female board members since its founding in 1878, decided to reserve one of its 26 board seats for a woman. But Japan has a long way to go before it makes full use of the female half of its national brainpower.“I joke that women scientists have the advantage of a woman's intuition and patience," says Yonezawa. “But, really, being a scientist has nothing to do with being a man or a woman. Women simply haven't been given the chance."

21. What would Mariko Kato like to become when she was in high school?

A. A noted physician.

B. A scholar in humanities.

C. A piano teacher.

D. A scientist in physics.

22. What does Kato's story tell us about women's conditions in Japan?

A. It is hard to become a woman scientist in Japan.

B. Japanese women students are prohibited from sciences.

C. There are no laws against gender discrimination in Japan.

D. Parents in Japan are more likely to choose a career for girls.

23. What do we know about Fumiko Yonezawa?

A. She is the first woman scientist in Japanese history.

B. She thinks research rather than family is her top priority.

C. She managed to strike a balance between work and family.

D. She served as a fll-time university professor in her lifetime.

24. What is the author's atude to the "baby steps" in the last paragraph?

A. Critical.

B. Reserved.

C. Positive.

D. Neutral.

25. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A. Women Physicists' Struggle in Japan

B. Attraction of Physics to Japanese Women

C. Women Scientists Fighting for Space in Japan

D. Women's Advantages in Japanese Universities

Passage 2

Can a stimulating hobby decrease your risk of Alzheimer's disease (阿尔兹海默症)? Maybe, but don't count on it. Some days all I want to do when I get home is sit down in front of the TV set and let my brain go blank. You probably know the feeling. But if two groups of neurologists (神经学家) from University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve in Cleveland, Ohio are right, we may all live to regret our lazy lifestyle. At a meeting of the American Academy of Neurology earlier this month, they reported that people who remain active outside of work by taking up such stimulating activities as painting, gardening or playing a musical instrument are three times less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease as they age than their more intellectually passive peers. I always suspected that the box would turn my mind to mush (浆糊), and here's the proof.

Or is it? While I would never suggest that watching a lot of television is good for you, there are several limitations to this study. For one thing, it's preliminary一a kind of scientific first draft. Also, it depends on the failing memory of its subjects or the second-hand reports of their families. Even so, it's just the start of what could be a flood of such reports. Not only is Alzheimer's research picking up, but also in 50 years, 14 million Americans could have the disorder, up from 4 million today. So any new shift is bound to get plenty of news coverage. There isn't much data about whether lifestyle choices, like the ones the Cleveland groups investigated, can help delay the onset of Alzheimer's than more sedentary (久坐的) seniors. But those results could just as easily indicate that people in the earliest stages of Alzheimer's are less likely to be active.

That's why the Cleveland doctors focused on their subjects from ages 20 to 60一most likely long before they developed any symptoms. The researchers looked at 193 men and women with Alzheimer's and asked them, or their caregivers, how they spent their free time when they were younger. The scientists compared the answers with those given by 358 people of roughly the same age and background who had similar occupations but didn't have

Alzheimer's. "We found that intellectual activities were relatively more protective than physical ones," says Dr. Robert Friedland, who led the study. The results may still be biased, Friedland notes, because caregivers may have subconsciously exaggerated their charges' passivity. And, of course, there are plenty of musicians and gardeners who develop Alzheimer's no matter how stimulating their lives are.

26. What is likely to cause Alzheimer's according to Cleveland neurologists?

A. Intellectual activities.

B. Physical exercises.

C. Inactive ways of life.

D. Old age.

27. What does“the box" in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. A musical instrument.

B. A case.

C. The Alzheimer's disease.

D. The television.

28. Why did the Cleveland doctors focus on their subjects from ages 20 to 60?

A. They were afraid that Alzheimer's may affect young people.

B. They thought more people would have Alzheimer's in 50 years.

C. They wanted to study whether lifestyle is linked with Alzheimer's.

D. They believed people in these age groups are liable to Alzheimer's.

29. Which of the following activities may better safeguard people from Alzheimer's according to Dr. Robert Friedland?

A. Swimming.

B. Playing the violin.

C. Jogging.

D. Watching TV.

30. What's the author's position on the assumption that a stimulating hobby decreases one's risk of Alzheimer's disease?

A. Unconcerned.

B. Uncertain.

C. Supportive.

D. Negative.

II.用国际音标标出下列单词中划线字母或字母组合的读音，并将答案写在答题卡(纸)的相应位置。(本大题共20小题，每小题0.5分， 共10分)

注意:使用新式或老式音标均可。

31. dyty

32. took

33. practice

34. each

35. quickly

36. slip

37. habit

38. ditch

39. brands

40. tragedy

41. genius 

42. theme

43. think

44. cough

45. capable

46. heavy

47. bacon

48. vision

49. tobaccg

50. please

IV.完形填空。将答案写在答题卡(纸)的相应位置。(本大题共20小题，每小题0.5 分，共10分)

A.从下列单词中选择适当的词填空，每个词只能用一次。

sky

aftermoon

me

pointed

against

came

too

blowing

bus

upon

morming

In the moming I felt stupid with tiredness. The wind had died. The sky was blue and calm. Sheets of light poured from the_ 51_ , and the sight of a tree, white_ 52_ the sun, its branches swollen with buds, worried_ 53__ in a strange and painful way. Something will happen today, I thought, as I climbed on the_ 54_ . Something will happen. The bus jolted forward. The smell of wet gloves and peanuts 55_ to me. Diane Lucas sat down next to me and told me about the wind_ 56 the roof off her cousin Eddy's barm last night.

“They came banging on our door at three o'clock in the_ 57 .” she said happily. I nodded, looking at her lttle_ 58 chin and delicate white teeth. In school, the momning passed slowly. The clssrooms were all 59 _ hot. I leaned my head on my hand. I couldn't remember why I had been so worried,_ 60 feverish with excitement. I drew rows of lttle cups across a piece of paper and wrote CHOCOLATE PUDDING, shading the ltters carefully.

B.根据课文的内容在每个空白处填入一 个恰当的词。

During the next six months, I spent as much time as possible reading. My work in the restaurant was hard and heavy, but we would__ 61_ most of the dishes cleared away by 11:15 p.m. I often sat out near the kitchen door and read the_ 62. There was an old Jewish man who 53 to watch me trying to read that paper. I asked him one night 54 a word meant, and he told me. I thanked him and_ 65__ back to my paper. He wenton_ 66 me for a while and then said,“Do you run across a lot of words you don't understand?" I said, “Alot-_ 67 I'm just beginning to learn to read well,”" and he said,“I'll sit with you here and work68_ you for a while." So at about 11 every night when he sat down for his meal, I would come out of the kitchen and sit down_ 69__ to him and read the paper. When I ran into a word I didn't know, he explained the_ 70 of the word and gave me the pronunciation. Then he'd send me back to the sentence so I could understand the word in context.

V.根据所学课文内容完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡(纸)的相应位置。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

71. According to the author of“Happiness," happiness is a process rather than            

72. In “The Joker," Henry's will was read out at the funeral breakfast by            

73. The author of“Litte Things Are Big”decided not to help the woman because he was afraid that            

74. In “The Trashman," when the author tried to greet people in a friendly manner, most often the response was either nothing at all, or            

75. According to“Another School Year一What For?," when you have read a book, you have added to            

76. According to "The Great Idea of Mr. Budd," Mr. Budd read the description of the wanted man carefully because he was attracted by any opportunity of            

77. According to“Hans Christian Andersen's Own Fairy Tale," the genius of Andersen is that he put so much of everyday life into            

78. In “A Fiddle and the Law," the bearded man was the father of            

79. In “Night Watch," the camp happened to have two marines with the same name and            

80. In“Remembering Tracy Bill," the Marshes learmed that David had renewed an old interest in            

VI.汉译英。将下列句子译成英语，并将答案写在答题卡(纸)的相应位置。(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)

81.由于准备充分，他们取得了一次又一次的成功。

82.很难想象这个地方20年前是什么样子。

83.我们在当地报纸上看到杰克的照片都很吃惊。

84.这些规定适用于每个人，没有例外。

85.要是她能倾听他在说些什么，相信他们就能把问题解决了。

86.我的邻居在饭店工作， 晚上10点才回到家里。

87.现在他在工作上付出的努力比以前多多了。

88.昨天晚上跟我打招呼的那个人是我大学同班同学。

89.我决心花更多的时间锻炼身体，恢复到原来的体型。

90.尽管人工智能在棋盘上战胜过人类，但是我们在很多方面仍然占据上风。