Intensive requirements, rather than content, distinguish master’s-level courses from undergraduate courses. The content is specialized, but often no more so than in upper-level undergraduate courses in British Commonwealth or European universities. First-year American graduate students are, in a sense, catching up. Yet they are also learning to work under more pressure than undergraduates in the United States of elsewhere.
It is not quite accurate to equate first-year graduate study with the master’s degree; in addition, most master’s programs require more than a year’s work, and more than course work. They can be equated in their purpose: to acquaint the student with the literature, the current ideas, the methodologies, etc., of his or her field. The first-year of graduate study is best characterized, then, as a reading program.
All in all, the master’s program is less easily defined than undergraduate curricula. The number of residence credits may be effectively determined by an accrediting agency (评审机构) and will vary from field to field. In some curricula (e.g. clinical psychology), a mandatory internship or practical training leads to 2 to 3 years of study, whereas an M.B.A may be completed in 18 months. The final requirement in a master’s program may be a thesis, a comprehensive exam, or both, or course papers collected and bound as a thesis-substitute. There may or may not be a foreign language requirement.
The master’s degree itself may be defined as a certificate of competence in a reasonably specialized field. We may note here that many American educators oppose narrow specialization at master’s and even at doctoral level; they complain of highly trained engineers who know nothing of the social sciences, of physicians who don’t understand human psychology, and of literature Ph.D.’s who ignorant of science. Effective graduate education, in this view, is the process of learning to find data, to evaluate it, and to organize it meaningfully.
1. First-year American graduate students ______.
2. It is suggested that ______.
3. In order to get M.B.A, you must ______.
4. Which one of the following final requirements is necessary in master’s program?
5. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned?
问题1选项
A.are catching up with European Universities
B.are catching up with undergraduates in the Unites States or elsewhere
C.are learning to work under more pressure than undergraduates
D.American undergraduates have no pressure
问题2选项
A.the first-year graduates read a lot
B.the first-year graduates are working for the master’s degree
C.the first-year graduate are reading English literature
D.the first-year graduates are just having course work
问题3选项
A.have internship or practical training
B.study 18 months
C.study a foreign language
D.study 2 or 3 years
问题4选项
A.Course credits
B.Foreign languages
C.A thesis
D.A graduation project
问题5选项
A.American educators complain of highly trained engineers who don’t know anything about social science.
B.American educators complain of physicians who don’t understand human psychology.
C.American educators complain of literature Ph.
D.’s who are ignorant of science.D. American educators complain of the graduate education, which is the process of learning to find date, to evaluate it, and to organize it meaningfully.
第1题:C
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:C
第5题:D
第1题:
【选项释义】
First-year American graduate students ______. 美国一年级研究生______。
A. are catching up with European Universities A. 正在赶上欧洲大学
B. are catching up with undergraduates in the Unites States or elsewhere B. 正在赶上美国或其他地方的本科生
C. are learning to work under more pressure than undergraduates C. 他们正在学习如何在比本科生更大的压力下工作
D. have no pressure D.没有压力
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】第一段最后提到：First-year American graduate students are, in a sense, catching up. Yet they are also learning to work under more pressure than undergraduates in the United States of elsewhere.（从某种意义上说，一年级美国研究生正在迎头赶上。然而，与美国其他地方的本科生相比，他们也在学习如何在更大的压力下工作）。因此C项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项，文章第一段只提到了美国的课程内容很专业，但往往不比英联邦或欧洲大学的高层次本科课程更专业，没有提到美国一年级研究生是否在追赶欧洲大学，属于过度推断；
B选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有；
D选项根据解析可知属于曲解原文。
第2题:
【选项释义】
It is suggested that ______. 文中暗示______。
A. the first-year graduates read a lot A. 一年级研究生读了很多书
B. the first-year graduates are working for the master’s degree B. 一年级研究生正在攻读硕士学位
C. the first-year graduate are reading English literature C. 一年级研究生在读英国文学
D. the first-year graduates are just having course work D. 一年级研究生只有课程作业
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】第二段最后一句指出：The first-year of graduate study is best characterized, then, as a reading program.（研究生学习的第一年最好的特征是阅读计划。），由此推断，研究生学习的第一年会阅读大量书籍。
【干扰项排除】
B、C选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有；
D选项，根据文中第二段提到的…most master’s programs require more than a year’s work, and more than course work.（……大多数的硕士项目需要的是一年以上的工作，而不是课程学习。）可知属于曲解原文。
第3题:
【选项释义】
In order to get M.B.A, you must ______. 为了获得MBA，你必须______。
A. have internship or practical training A. 参加实习或实践培训
B. study 18 months B. 学习18个月
C. study a foreign language C. 学习外语
D. study 2 or 3 years D. 学习2或3年
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】根据第三段：…whereas an M.B.A may be completed in 18 months.（而工商管理硕士学位可能在18个月内完成），故选B项。
【干扰项排除】
A、D选项，根据文中第三段提到的：In some curricula (e.g. clinical psychology), a mandatory internship or practical training leads to 2 to 3 years of study…（在一些课程中（如临床心理学），强制性的实习或实践训练会导致2到3年的学习……）可知属于张冠李戴；
C选项，根据文中第三段提到的：There may or may not be a foreign language requirement.（可能有也可能没有外语要求。）可知属于曲解原文。
第4题:
【选项释义】
Which one of the following final requirements is necessary in master’s program? 以下哪项最终要求是硕士课程必须具备的？
A. Course credits A. 课程学分
B. Foreign languages B. 外语
C. A thesis C. 论文
D. A graduation project D. 毕业设计
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】第三段最后两句指出：The final requirement in a master’s program may be a thesis, a comprehensive exam, or both, or course papers collected and bound as a thesis-substitute. There may or may not be a foreign language requirement （硕士课程的最终要求可能是一篇论文，一次综合考试，或者两者兼而有之，或者收集并装订成论文替代品的课程论文。可能有也可能没有外语要求），可知C项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A、B选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有；
D选项根据解析可知，属于曲解原文。
第5题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned? 下列哪项陈述没有提到？
A. American educators complain of highly trained engineers who don’t know anything about social science. A. 美国教育工作者抱怨受过高等训练的工程师对社会科学一无所知。
B. American educators complain of physicians who don’t understand human psychology. B. 美国教育工作者抱怨医生不了解人类心理学。
C. American educators complain of literature Ph.D.’s who are ignorant of science. C. 美国教育家抱怨文学博士们对科学一无所知。
D. American educators complain of the graduate education, which is the process of learning to find date, to evaluate it, and to organize it meaningfully. D. 美国教育家抱怨研究生教育，认为研究生教育是一个寻找数据、评估数据并有意义地组织它的学习过程。
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】最后一段指出：…they complain of highly trained engineers who know nothing of the social sciences, of physicians who don’t understand human psychology, and of literature Ph.D.’s who ignorant of science. Effective graduate education, in this view, is the process of learning to find data, to evaluate it, and to organize it meaningfully.（许多美国教育工作者控诉训练有素的工程师对社会科学一无所知，医生不懂人类心理学，文学博士对科学一无所知。这样看来，起作用的研究生教育是一个学习发现数据、评估数据并有意义地组织数据的过程。）由此可知，D项并不是美国教育工作者控诉的内容。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项根据解析可知皆在文中提及，故不符合题意。
