Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time in which the eyes stop—the duration of the fixation—varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.
Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.
1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except ______.
2. The author may believe that reading ______.
3. What does the author mean by saying “but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second paragraph?
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
5. The tune of the author in writing this article is ______.
问题1选项
A.one’s familiarity with the text
B.one’s purpose in reading
C.the length of a group of words
D.lighting and tiredness
问题2选项
A.requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation
B.requires a reader to see words more quickly
C.demands a deeply-participating mind
D.demands more mind than eyes
问题3选项
A.The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.
B.The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see or comprehend words.
C.The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading.
D.The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words.
问题4选项
A.The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.
B.Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.
C.The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading.
D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.
问题5选项
A.critical
B.neutral
C.pessimistic
D.optimistic
第1题:C
第2题:C
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:A
第1题:
【选项释义】
The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except _______. 识别广度的时间会受到以下因素的影响,除了_______。
A. one’s familiarity with the text A. 对文本的熟悉程度
B. one’s purpose in reading B. 阅读的目的
C. the length of a group of words C. 一组单词的长度
D. lighting and tiredness D. 照明情况和疲劳程度
【答案】C
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息,我们可以定位到第一段后半部分的内容“眼睛停留的时间,也就是注视持续的时间因人而异。每个人的阅读目的和对文本的熟悉程度也不同。此外,它会受到诸如光照和疲劳等因素的影响。”由此可知,只有选项C不是影响识别时间的因素。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“对文本的熟悉程度”,B选项“阅读的目的”,D选项“照明情况和疲劳程度”原文均有提及,故不符合题意。
第2题:
【选项释义】
The author may believe that reading _______. 作者可能认为阅读_______。
A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation A. 要求读者在每一个注视点都要吸收更多的词语
B. requires a reader to see words more quickly B. 要求读者更快地看单词
C. demands a deeply-participating mind C. 需要一个深入参与的头脑
D. demands more mind than eyes D. 需要的是大脑而不是眼睛
【答案】C
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据第二段倒数第二、三句“所有这些练习都很巧妙,但是提高一个人看单词的能力是一回事,提高他有效阅读课文的能力又是另一回事。阅读需要理解单词之间的关系。”由此可知,作者认为阅读需要理解单词之间的关系,也就是需要大脑深入参与到阅读中来,故选项C正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“要求读者在每一个注视点都要吸收更多的词语”和B选项“要求读者更快地看单词”是人们错误地强调阅读纯粹的视觉方面,设计了许多练习来训练眼睛在一次注视时能看到更多的单词,所以均不是作者的观点,属于曲解原文;
D选项“需要的是大脑而不是眼睛”,将大脑和眼睛进行了对比,显然在原文没有信息提及,属于无中生有。
第3题:
【选项释义】
What does the author mean by saying “but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second paragraph? 作者在第二段说:“提高看单词的能力是一回事,提高有效阅读的能力是另一回事。”这是什么意思?
A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted. A. 当进行有效阅读时,不需要看到单词的能力。
B. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see or comprehend words. B. 上面提到的阅读练习无助于提高阅读和理解单词的能力。
C. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading. C. 提到的阅读练习不能帮助提高有效阅读。
D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words. D. 文中提到的阅读练习对提高眼睛看词的能力起到了很大的作用。
【答案】C
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息,我们定位到原文最后一句“特别是任何训练一个人阅读单个单词和短语的方法似乎不太可能帮助他阅读连续的文本。”也就是说,上述的阅读练习对于提高有效阅读并没有什么太大的帮助,故选项C正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“当进行有效阅读时,不需要看到单词的能力”,根据原文可知作者批判的是过分强调眼睛看而大脑不思考的阅读训练,不是彻底否定眼睛看单词的能力,属于曲解原文;
B选项“上面提到的阅读练习无助于提高阅读单词和理解单词的能力”可定位到第二段“人们设计了许多练习来训练眼睛一次注视更多的单词。”由此可知,这些阅读训练可以提高阅读单词的能力,属于曲解原文;
D选项“文中提到的阅读练习对提高眼睛看词的能力起到了很大的作用”,而作者先是肯定了那些阅读练习提高看单词的能力,然后提出了有效阅读概念。后面句中还指出,有效阅读需要的是理解单词间的联系的能力。所以作者的意思应该是那些训练眼睛的阅读练习对于有效的阅读无益。选项D只蕴涵了其中一个意思,不是作者想表达的方向,属于以偏概全。
第4题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following is NOT true? 下列哪一项是不正确的?
A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time. A. 视觉广度是我们每次看到的一个词或一组词。
B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training. B. 许多专家开始质疑只用眼睛看的阅读训练的效率。
C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading. C. 强调纯粹的用眼睛看是一种误导。
D. The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text. D. 眼睛训练将帮助读者阅读连续的文本。
【答案】D
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据原文最后一句“特别是任何训练一个人阅读单个单词和短语的方法似乎不太可能帮助他阅读连续的文本。”由此可知,选项D与原文表述不符,故选项D正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项可定位到原文第一段“每次他们注视时,我们就会看到一组单词。这被称为识别广度或视觉广度”,该选项与原文内容相符,故选项A表述正确,不符合题意;
B选项可定位到原文第二段“许多专家现在开始质疑只用眼睛看的阅读训练的有效性”,与原文内容相符,故选项B表述正确,不符合题意;
C选项可定位到原文第二段第二句“这种单纯强调用眼睛看的阅读方式会误导大家”,与原文内容相符,故选项C表述正确,不符合题意。
第5题:
【选项释义】
The tune of the author in writing this article is _______. 作者写这篇文章的基调是_______。
A. critical A. 批判的
B. neutral B. 中立的
C. pessimistic C. 悲观的
D. optimistic D. 乐观的
【答案】A
【考查点】观点态度题。
【解题思路】本文的行文逻辑是“先扬后抑”,首先第一段提出概念“recognition span(识别广度)”并分析了影响其持续时间的因素,接着第二段借助情感转折词“Unfortunately(不幸的是)”对过于强调眼睛看而大脑不思考的阅读训练予以否定,并进而在第二段末尾提出:许多专家现在开始质疑只用眼睛看的阅读训练的有效性,说明作者写这篇文章的基调是批判的,故选项A正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“中立的”,C选项“悲观的”,D选项“乐观的”均不符合题意。