It can be said that any form of human civilization is a large information system. The first stage is language. Only with language can we share experience and have collective memory as well as accumulate knowledge collectively. The second step is to write down. Writing has offered a form of memory that is less likely to disappear and more easily transmitted. Then printing greatly has increased the dissemination of information.
Modern electronics is providing us with new and more powerful ways to collect, process, process and deliver. It is a remarkable feature of this development that greatly increases ability without posing burden on energy or scarce materials. Rather, devices are getting smaller and even cheaper under the same performance conditions, which is proved by pocket calculator, microcomputer, electronic watch and electronic game machine.
