In recent years, we have all watched the increasing commercialization of the campus. The numerous advertising posters and the golden arches of fast food outlets may be an insult to our aesthetic sensibilities, but they are, arguably, no worse than ugly. Some of the other new features of commercialized campus life do, however: constitute a serious threat to things we rightly respect. “Privatization” and the “business model” are the potential menace.
What do these notions mean? To me, they involve an increased dependence on industry and charitable actions for operating the university; an increased amount of our resources being directed to applied or so-called practical subjects, both in teaching and in research; a proprietary (所有权)treatment of research results, with the commercial interest in secrecy overriding the public’s interest in free, shared knowledge, and an attempt to run the university more like a business that treats industry and students as clients and ourselves as service providers with something to sell. We pay increasing attention to the immediate needs and demands of our “customers” and, as the old saying goes, “the customer is always right”.
Privatization is particularly frightening from the point of view of public well-being. A researcher employed by a university-affiliated hospital in Canada, working under contract with a medicine-making company, made public her findings that a particular drug was harmful. This violated the terms of her contract, and so she was fired. Her dismissal caused a scandal, and she was subsequently restored to her previous position. The university and hospital in question are now working out something similar to tenure (终身任职) for hospital-based researchers and guidelines for contracts, so that more public exposure of privately funded research will become possible. This is a rare victory and a small step in “the right direction”, but the general trend is the other way. Thanks to profit-driven private funding researchers are not only forced to keep valuable information secret, they are often contractually obliged to keep discovered dangers to public health under wraps, too. Of course, we must not, be too naive about this. Governments can unwisely insist on secrecy, too, as did the British Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food in the work they funded in connection with the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (牛海绵状脑病)epidemic. This prevented others from reviewing the relevant data and pointing out that problems were more serious than government was letting on.
1.From the first paragraph we can learn that the campus life has become（ ）.
2.“Privatization” and the “business model” in this passage most probably mean（ ）.
3.The author believes that we should pay（ ）.
4.The researcher mentioned in the third paragraph was fired because（ ）.
5.It is implied in the passage that（ ）.
