试题出自试卷《2016年南昌大学考博英语真题》

【写作思路】
开头段：引出中国犯罪现象的现状和问题，并介绍可能导致这些犯罪事件的原因。
主体段：1. 介绍教育对于预防犯罪事件发生的作用。
2. 介绍如何有效加强执法，从而防止犯罪事件的发生。
结尾段：总结全文观点：预防犯罪需要立法者、执法人员以及在社区中生活和工作的每个人的共同努力。

【参考范文】
When it comes to the violent crime we see in our world today, China is a relatively secure place to live, but violent crime is on the rise. According to a report by the reputable Academy of Social Sciences, there was a “dramatic increase” in violent crime in 2009 compared to 2008, including murders, robberies, and rapes. Criminal activity is a product of socioeconomic conditions. The environment’s effect and stimulation on people are what lead to criminal behavior. Crimes may be brought on by a lack of moral principles, thrill-seeking tendencies, and personality flaws, as well as by the inability to make a living and maintain one’s standard of living, a lack of social justice, and the large gap between the rich and the poor.
An effective way is to provide people with better education so that they will not become criminals. It is accurate to say that some of these crimes are performed by those who do not receive the required education. Criminals typically have academic issues, such as poor grades, poor attendance, or disciplinary actions like suspension or expulsion. In these situations, it is challenging to teach children respect for authority and consideration for other, or to provide them with the skills and information necessary for a reasonable work. Since they struggle to make ends meet, they are more prone to have subliminal thoughts that prompt them to act hastily when upset or steal out of desperation.
However, education cannot totally stop crime from happening. For instance, relying just on education to address issues with social equity and the wealth divide is ineffective. To effectively stop the recurrence of these issues and improve living conditions so that people can live normal lives without turning to illicit means, improved policies and laws must be created and severely enforced by management.
In conclusion, since people come from a variety of backgrounds that shape their criminal behavior, improving education can only have a limited impact and won’t produce the desired outcome. It takes a team effort from lawmakers, law enforcement, and everyone who lives and works in a community to prevent crime.

【重点词汇】
expulsion /ɪkˈspʌlʃn/ n. 开除 address /əˈdres/ v. 设法解决；处理
recurrence /rɪˈkɜːrəns/ v. 重现 illicit /ɪˈlɪsɪt/ adj. 非法的；违法的
socioeconomic /ˌsoʊsioʊˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk/ adj. 社会经济的

【精选句型】
1. Crimes may be brought on by a lack of moral principles, thrill-seeking tendencies, and personality flaws, as well as by the inability to make a living and maintain one’s standard of living, a lack of social justice, and the large gap between the rich and the poor.（介绍一些可能导致犯罪的原因）
犯罪可能是由于缺乏道德原则、寻求刺激的倾向和人格缺陷，也可能是由于无法谋生和维持生活水平、缺乏社会正义和贫富差距大。
2. In these situations, it is challenging to teach children respect for authority and consideration for other, or to provide them with the skills and information necessary for a reasonable work.（介绍教育对于预防犯罪的作用）
在这种情况下，教育孩子尊重权威、为他人着想，或者为他们提供合理工作所必需的技能和信息，都是具有挑战性的。
3. To effectively stop the recurrence of these issues and improve living conditions so that people can live normal lives without turning to illicit means, improved policies and laws must be created and severely enforced by management. （指出法律在预防犯罪这件事上的重要作用）
要有效制止这些问题的再次发生，改善人民生活条件，使人民过上正常生活而不诉诸非法手段，就必须制定完善的政策和法律，并由管理层严格执行。

【全文翻译】
相比于我们今天看到的暴力犯罪，中国是一个相对安全的地方，但暴力犯罪正在上升。根据著名的社会科学院的一份报告，与2008年相比，2009年的暴力犯罪“急剧增加”，包括谋杀、抢劫和强奸。犯罪活动是社会经济条件的产物。环境对人的影响和刺激是导致犯罪行为的原因。犯罪可能是由于缺乏道德原则、寻求刺激的倾向和人格缺陷，也可能是由于无法谋生和维持生活水平、缺乏社会正义和贫富差距大。
一个有效的方法是为人们提供更好的教育，这样他们就不会成为罪犯。准确地说，一些罪行是由那些没有接受必要教育的人所犯下的。罪犯通常都有学业问题，比如成绩差、出勤率低，或者受到停学或开除等纪律处分。在这种情况下，教育孩子尊重权威、为他人着想，或者为他们提供合理工作所必需的技能和信息，都是具有挑战性的。由于他们努力维持收支平衡，他们更容易有潜意识的想法，促使他们在心烦意乱时匆忙行动，或出于绝望而偷窃。
然而，教育不能完全阻止犯罪的发生。例如，仅仅依靠教育来解决社会公平和财富分配问题是无效的。要有效制止这些问题的再次发生，改善人民生活条件，使人民过上正常生活而不诉诸非法手段，就必须制定完善的政策和法律，并由管理层严格执行。
总之，由于人们来自不同的背景，这些背景塑造了他们的犯罪行为，改善教育只能产生有限的影响，不会产生预期的结果。预防犯罪需要立法者、执法人员以及在社区中生活和工作的每个人的共同努力。