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When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.
Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead, unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison, and you can successfully drop out in grade school.
Get a college degree, if possible. With a B.A., you are on the launching pad (发射台). But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master’s degree, make sure it is an and only from a first-rate university. Beyond this, the famous law of diminishing returns(报酬递减率)begins to take effect.
Do you know, for instance, that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $24, 000, while the full professors managed to average just $23, 030.
A Ph. D. D.is the highest degree you can get, but except in a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry, where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, you are facing a dim future. There are more Ph.D.s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world by far.
If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or—worst of all—in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.
Thousands of Ph.D.s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on tables and filling out fruitless applications month after month. And then maybe taking a job in some high school or backwater college pays much less than the janitor (看门人)earns.
You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.
1. According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who______.
2. If you are as gifted as Bernard Shaw or Edison, ______.
3. Ph.D.s are most likely to          .
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
5. The writer is critical of          .

问题1选项
A.will not be a shame to the society
B.will become skilled workers
C.can take care of themselves
D.can meet the demands as a source of manpower
问题2选项
A.you can get a high school diploma without difficulty
B.you will be successful in a grade school
C.you can be professionally successful without a diploma
D.the least you should do is to get a diploma
问题3选项
A.have difficulties getting properly employed
B.be employed in the fields of commerce or industry
C.have to fill out application forms month after month for others
D.work in schools or colleges with low pay
问题4选项
A.Bernard Shaw didn’t finish high schools, nor did Edison
B.There are far more Ph D s than the society demands
C.The higher your education level, the more money you will earn
D.If you are too well-educated, you’ll make things difficult for the society
问题5选项
A.the employees
B.the Ph D s
C.the employers
D.the society
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