Water Shortage
Getting water seems (seem) so easy for many people. You will be
1 (mistake) if you think there is an
2 (end) supply of water. In fact, the world has a water shortage. Seventy percent of the world is
3 (cover) in water. But most of it is salt water. Only a small
4 (percent) is fresh drinking water. Countries
5 (include) Spain, Italy and South Africa actually import water from countries such as the United States and Australia.
6 (surprising), 1.1billion people on earth have difficulty
7 (get) clean drinking water. This global problem is predicted to get
8 (bad) as the atmosphere becomes warmer.
Every person in Britain
9 (use) about 150 litres of water a day. In some countries people only have 5 to 10 litres a day! They would be
10 (shock) to learn how we waste drinking water.
【文章大意】水资源短缺
对许多人来说,获得水似乎很容易。如果你认为水是取之不尽的,那你就错了。事实上,世界缺水。世界上百分之七十的地方都被水覆盖。但大部分是盐水。只有一小部分是新鲜的饮用水。西班牙、意大利和南非等国家实际上从美国和澳大利亚等国进口水。令人惊讶的是,地球上有 11 亿人难以获得干净的饮用水。随着大气变暖,这个全球性问题预计会变得更糟。
英国每个人每天使用大约 150 升水。在一些国家,人们每天只有 5 到 10 升!得知我们如何浪费饮用水,他们会感到震惊。
1.
【答案】mistaken
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子"You will be 1 (mistake) if you think there is an 2 (end) supply of water."句意,如果你认为水是取之不尽的,那你就错了可知,空格处应填入的是表语成分,所以应将动词mistake改为分词形式,这里是分词做形容词充当表语。故本题应填入mistaken。
2.
【答案】endless
【原文考查】词义辨析题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子"You will be 1 (mistake) if you think there is an 2 (end) supply of water."句意如果你认为水是取之不尽的,那你就错了,以及前面的mistaken可知,这里是说水是取之不尽的。所以应使用形容词词性endless。故本题应填入endless。
3.
【答案】covered
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子"Seventy percent of the world is 3 (cover) in water."句意,世界上70%的地方都是被水覆盖的。cover是动词,被水覆盖应使用被动语态,所以使用过去分词形式covered。故本题应填入covered。
4.
【答案】percentage
【原文考查】词义辨析题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子"Only a small 4 (percent) is fresh drinking water."可知,small后应填入名词。结合句意:只有一小部分是新鲜饮用水。故本题应填入percentage。
5.
【答案】including
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子"Countries 5 (include) Spain, Italy and South Africa actually import water from countries such as the United States and Australia."可知,本句已有谓语动词import,所以空格处应填入非谓语结构。结合句意:包括西班牙、意大利和南非等在内的国家实际上是从美国和澳大利亚等国家进口水。这里为主动语态,所以使用非谓语的现在分词形式。故本空应填入including。
6.
【答案】Surprisingly
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子" 6 (surprising), 1.1billion people on earth have difficulty 7 (get) clean drinking water."可知,句子结构完整,不缺少成分,所以空格处应填入副词。句意:令人惊讶的是,地球上有11亿人难以获得干净的饮用水。故本题应填入Surprisingly。
7.
【答案】getting
【原文考查】词语搭配题
【解题思路】由于have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。所以这里应填入get的动名词形式getting。故本题应填入getting。
8.
【答案】worse
【原文考查】词义理解题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子"This global problem is predicted to get 8 (bad) as the atmosphere becomes warmer."句意,随着大气变得更加温暖,这一全球性问题预计将会变得更加严重以及后半句中的“as+比较级”可知,前面也应该使用比较级结构。bad的比较级为worse,所以空格处填入worse符合语境。故本题应填入worse。
9.
【答案】uses
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子"Every person in Britain 9 (use) about 150 litres of water a day."可知,every person充当句子主语。根据主谓一致原则,当主语由every,each,any等表示单一意义的词修饰时,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数,故本题应填入uses。
10.
【答案】shocked
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子"In some countries people only have 5 to 10 litres a day! They would be 10 (shock) to learn how we waste drinking water."可知,如果他们知道我们是如何浪费饮用水的,他们会感到震惊。空格处应填入shock的分词形式做形容词,即shocked,表示“感到震惊的”。故本题应填入shocked。