Spilt （打翻的） Milk
I recently heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several very important medical achievements. He was asked why he was so much more creative than the average person.
He responded that it all came from an experience when he was about two. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he lost his grip (紧握) and it fell, spilling (打翻) the milk all over the floor.
When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of yelling at him, or punishing him, she said, "Robert, what a wonderful mess you have made! Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?"
Indeed, he did. After a few minutes, his mother said, "Rober, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge (海绵) or a towel, which do you prefer?" He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilt milk.
His mother then said, "You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let’s go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it." The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.
The scientist remarked that it was then that he knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make mistakes. Instead, mistakes were just opportunities for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment "doesn’t work," we usually learn something valuable from it.
1. This story is about a scientist who______.
2. He got the milk spilt all over the kitchen floor because he______.
3. After seeing the spilt milk, his mother______.
4. The mother and the son went out in the back yard to______.
5. According to the text, mistakes give us chances to______.
问题1选项
A.was extraordinary when he was young
B.became well-known after an interview
C.was smarter than the average person
D.achieved great success in the medical field
问题2选项
A.dropped the bottle
B.was naughty
C.slipped and fell
D.was weak
问题3选项
A.shouted at him
B.cleaned the floor herself
C.encouraged him to play in the milk
D.forced him to clean the kitchen
问题4选项
A.fill the bottle with milk
B.clean the bottle
C.find a way to carry the bottle
D.search for a new bottle
问题5选项
A.know the truth
B.learn something new
C.do some experiments
D.teach a child a lesson
第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:C
第4题:C
第5题:B
第1题:
【文章大意】打翻的牛奶
我最近听到一个关于一位著名科学家的故事，他取得了几项非常重要的医学成就。有人问他为什么他比普通人更有创造力。
他回答说，这一切都来自他两岁左右的经历。他正试图从冰箱里取出一瓶牛奶，却突然没握住掉了下来，把牛奶洒了一地。
当他的母亲走进厨房时，没有对他大喊大叫，也没有惩罚他，而是说：“罗伯特，哇，你弄了一团糟呀！好吧，损害已经造成了。在我们清理前，你想不想玩一会儿牛奶?”
的确，他玩起了牛奶。几分钟后，他的妈妈说：“罗伯特，无论做得多么糟糕，就像这样，到头来还是要收拾的。你想怎么收拾？我们可以用海绵或者毛巾，你喜欢哪个？”他选择了海绵，他们一起清理了溢出的牛奶。
他妈妈接着说：“你知道，我们获得了一个失败的实验，如何用两只小手有效地搬运一个大奶瓶。我们到后院去把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能发现一种拿着它不会掉落的方法。”小男孩学会了，如果他用双手抓住靠近杯沿的地方，就可以拿着它而不会掉下来。
这位科学家说，那时他知道他不需要害怕犯错。相反，错误只是学习新事物的机会，这也是科学实验的内容。即使实验“不起作用”，我们通常也会从中学到一些有价值的东西。
【原文考查】主旨大意题
【选项释义】
这个故事关于一个科学家，他____。
A.他年轻时就非比寻常
B.在一次采访后他出名了
C.比普通人更聪明
D.在医学领域取得巨大成功
【解题思路】根据题干关键词a scientist定位到文章第一段第一句"I recently heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several very important medical achievements."我最近听说了一个关于一位著名科学家的故事，他在医学上取得了几项非常重要的成就。由此可知这位科学家在医学领域取得了巨大的成功。故本题选D。
【干扰项排除】选项A与文章内容无关。文章说他取得成就之后才被采访，顺序颠倒，故排除选项B。文章第一段只谈到采访时被问及为什么比一般人更具创造力，并不是说明他比常人聪明，故排除选项C。
第2题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
他把牛奶洒在厨房地板上，因为他____。
A.失手掉了瓶子
B.顽皮淘气
C.滑倒了
D.弱小
【解题思路】根据题干关键词定位到文章第二段第二句"…when he lost his grip and it fell, spilling the milk all over the floor."他一失手牛奶就掉了下来，把牛奶洒了一地。由此可知他是失手掉落瓶子。故本题选A.
【干扰项排除】选项B和选项D与文章内容无关。选项C说因为他脚下一滑然后掉了，原文是说手滑而不是脚滑，故排除。
第3题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
看到洒了的牛奶，他的母亲____。
A.对着他大叫
B.独自清理干净地板
C.鼓励他玩牛奶
D.强迫他清理厨房
【解题思路】根据题干关键词定位到文章第三段"Would you like to play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?"在我们清理前，你想不想玩一会儿牛奶? 由此可知他妈妈鼓励他玩会儿牛奶，C选项符合题意。故本题选C。
【干扰项排除】结合第三段"…instead of yelling at him, or punishing him"而不是对他大喊大叫或惩罚他，可知选项A错误。根据第四段"…together they cleaned up the spilt milk"他们一起把打翻的牛奶清理干净了，可知选项B和选项D错误。
第4题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
妈妈和儿子去后院为了____。
A.给瓶子盛满牛奶
B.清洗瓶子
C.找到拿瓶子的方法
D.找一个新瓶子
【解题思路】根据题干关键词"in the back yard"定位到文章第五段"Let’s go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it."让我们到后院去，把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能找到一种不让它掉下来的方法。由此可知他们去后院的最终目的是为了找到一种方式来拿住瓶子。故本题选C。
【干扰项排除】选项A把瓶子装满牛奶不正确，是打算装满水而不是牛奶。选项B和选项D与文章内容不符。
第5题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
根据文章，错误给了我们机会____。
A.知道真相
B.学习新东西
C.做一些实验
D.给孩子上一课
【解题思路】根据题干关键词mistake定位到文章最后一段"mistakes were just opportunities for learning something new"错误只是学习新东西的机会。由此可知错误是给了我们机会去学习更多新的东西。故本题选B。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项与题意不符。
