The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making many food more fit to eat, it has, the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of all human illness is related to diet and 40% of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon.
Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illness because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researches realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging lakes of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows. Sometimes, similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Though the Food and Drug Administration (FAD) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.
1.How has science done a disservice to mankind?
2.What are nitrates used for?
3.What does FDA mean?
4.The word “carcinogenic” means most nearly the same as（ ）.
5.Which of the following sentences is not true?
问题1选项
A.Because of science, disease caused by contaminated food has been virtually eradicated.
B.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.
C.As a result of scientific intervention, some potentially harmful substances have been added to our food.
D.The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.
问题2选项
A.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.
B.They preserve the color of meats.
C.They are the objects of research.
D.They cause the animals to become fatter.
问题3选项
A.Food Direct Additives.
B.Final Difficult Analysis.
C.Food and Drug Administration.
D.Federal Diary Additives.
问题4选项
A.trouble-making
B.color-retaining
C.money-making
D.cancer-causing
问题5选项
A.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reason.
B.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals.
C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over 35 years.
D.Food may cause 40% of cancer in the world.
第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:A
1.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第一段Although science has made enormous steps in making many food more fit to eat, it has, the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.（虽然科学已取得巨大进展，使许多食物更适合食用，但与此同时，它也使许多食物不宜食用。）也就是说很多添加剂式的食物容易导致一些疾病，因此C选项“由于科学的干预，一些潜在的有害物质被添加到我们的食物中。”正确。A选项“由于科学的发展，由受污染的食物引起的疾病实际上已经被根除了。”和题干提问并不符合；B选项“它导致了关于食物价值的信息的缺乏。”这个不是原文的观点；D选项“科学家们保存了肉的颜色，却没有保存蔬菜的颜色。”与题干不符。
2.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第二段In 1945, government researches realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats（1945年，政府部门的研究人员认识到，用于肉类颜色保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌）因此B选项“它们能保持肉的颜色”正确。A选项“它们能保存包装食品的风味。”不是保存风味；C选项“它们是研究的对象”，与原文不符；D选项“它们使动物变得更胖”与原文不符。
3.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到最后一句话Though the Food and Drug Administration (FAD) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.（尽管食品和药物管理局（FAD）多次试图控制这些程序，但这种做法仍在继续。）因此C选项“食品和药物管理局”正确。A选项“食物直接添加剂”；B选项“最终困难分析”；D选项“联邦乳品添加剂”都不正确。
4.语义推测题。根据关键词定位到commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food（用于肉类颜色保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌。然而，这些致癌添加剂仍然存在于我们的食品中。）因此可以得出这些物质都是致癌的，因此D选项“致癌的”正确。A选项“制造麻烦的”；B选项“护色的”；C选项“赚钱的”都不正确。
5.事实细节题。A选项“由于医学原因，药物总是给动物服用”在原文的最后一段Sometimes, similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes but for financial reasons.（有时让动物服用这类药物并不是为了治病，而是为了经济上的原因。）因此A选项不正确。B选项“我们食物中的一些添加剂是添加到食物本身，还有一些是给活的动物吃的。”在最后一段Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry（农民经常给牛肉和家禽注射青霉素）；C选项“研究人员已经知道食品添加剂的潜在危害超过35年了。”在最后一段In 1945, government researches realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives caused cancer. （1945年，政府部门的研究人员认识到，用于肉类保鲜的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂能致癌。）；D选项“食物可能会导致世界上40%的癌症”定位到第一段Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of all human illness is related to diet and 40% of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon.（一些研究表明，大约80%的人类疾病与饮食有关，40%的癌症也与饮食有关，尤其是结肠癌。）
