What Happens When You Stop Exercising
Have you ever wondered what would happen if you stopped exercising? A new study on twins was published in the journal Medicine & Science. The results of the study are dramatic.
In the study, researchers looked at 10 pairs of twin men. Each set of twins was in their mid-30s. Each had been brought up in the same family. Since they were identical, they shared the same DNA. They had maintained the same level of physical activity for most of their lives. But there was one difference. One twin of each set had cut on exercising in the past few years due to work or family pressure. On average, the less active twin exercised less than twice a week, while the active twin exercised at least twice a week. The research team put each twin through a set of medical tests to study their overall health.
The results showed big differences. While the more active twins had lower body fat percentage, better endurance level, and normal sensitivity, the inactive twins had about seven more pounds of body fat, worse endurance, and signs of disease. Not only were their bodies different; their brains were different as well. The active twins had more gray matter (the information processing part of the brain), particularly in areas that control balance.
The conclusion of the study is clear. Quitting your fitness routine can bring negative effects to your body and your brain as well. Considering the less active twins in the study had become couch potatoes (沉溺于看电视的人)only recently, these changes can sneak up on you a lot sooner than you’d think. So keep exercising. It is beneficial to your overall health!
1.This text is mainly about( ).
2.Researchers chose twins for their study mostly because they( ).
3.The twins in the study differed in( ).
4.The study found that the more active twins became( ).
5.The phrase “sneak up on” (Para. 4) most probably means( ).
问题1选项
A.the importance of DNA
B.the role of exercise
C.the birth of a new journal
D.the difference between twins
问题2选项
A.shared the same DNA
B.looked alike
C.had the same lifestyle
D.grew up together
问题3选项
A.sleeping habits
B.exercise frequency
C.working hours
D.food preference
问题4选项
A.less creative
B.less sensitive
C.more emotional
D.more endurable
问题5选项
A.protect
B.attack
C.affect
D.benefit
第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:C
第1题:
【文章大意】当你停止锻炼时会发生什么
你有没有想过如果你停止运动会发生什么?一项关于双胞胎的新研究发表在《医学与科学》杂志上。研究结果是戏剧性的。
在这项研究中,研究人员观察了 10 对双胞胎男性。每对双胞胎都在 30 多岁左右。每组都是在同一个家庭中长大的。因为他们相同,所以他们共享相同的DNA。他们一生中的大部分时间都保持着相同水平的体力活动。但是有一个区别。由于工作或家庭压力,每组中的一个双胞胎在过去几年中减少了锻炼。平均而言,不太活跃的双胞胎每周锻炼不到两次,而活跃的双胞胎每周至少锻炼两次。研究小组对每对双胞胎进行了一系列医学测试,以研究他们的整体健康状况。
结果显示出很大的差异。更活跃的双胞胎身体脂肪百分比更低,耐力水平更高,敏感性正常,而不活跃的双胞胎身体脂肪多约 7 磅,耐力更差,并且有疾病迹象。他们不仅身体情况不同,大脑也不同。活跃的双胞胎有更多的灰质(大脑的信息处理部分),特别是在控制平衡的区域。
研究结论很明确。放弃你的健身计划会给你的身体和大脑带来负面影响。考虑到研究中不太活跃的双胞胎最近才变成了沙发土豆(沉溺于看电视的人),这些变化可能会比你想象的更早地潜伏在你身上。所以继续锻炼。它对您的整体健康有益!
【原文考查】主旨大意题
【选项释义】
本文主要谈论的是( )。
A.DNA的重要性
B.运动的作用
C.新杂志的诞生
D.双胞胎之间的差异
【解题思路】根据题目“What Happens When You Stop Exercising”可以判断出本文核心词为“exercise”,第一段引出关于运动的一项新研究。第二段讨论了研究对象及其生活方式。第三段分析了研究结果。最后一段得出结论,强调运动的重要性和作用。因此本文探讨的是运动的作用。故本题选B。
【干扰项排除】根据第二段可知,选取双胞胎作为研究对象是因其DNA一致,从而保持实验单一变量。并非讨论DNA的重要性,故排除选项A和选项D。选项C与本文内容无关。
第2题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
研究人员选择双胞胎进行研究主要是因为他们( )。
A.拥有同样的DNA
B.看起来相像
C.有同样的生活方式
D.一起成长
【解题思路】根据第二段第三句“Since they were identical, they shared the same DNA.”可知,双胞胎拥有同样的DNA。由于本文讨论的是运动对身体健康的影响,因此选择双胞胎作为研究对象可以保证运动量这一单一变量。故本题选A。
【干扰项排除】选项B在文中未提及。根据文章内容可知,每组双胞胎的运动量不同,因此生活方式也不同,故排除选项C;选项D不符合题意。
第3题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
研究中的双胞胎不同点在于( )。
A.睡眠习惯
B.运动频率
C.工作时长
D.饮食偏好
【解题思路】根据第二段第六句和第七句“But there was one difference. One twin of each set had cut on exercising in the past few years due to work or family pressure.”可知,区别在于由于工作或家庭压力,每组中的一个双胞胎在过去几年中减少了锻炼。因此每组双胞胎的运动频率不同。故本题选B。
【干扰项排除】选项A、C、D在文中未提及。
第4题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
研究发现,更活跃的双胞胎变得( )。
A.更少创造性
B.更不敏感
C.更情绪化
D.更有耐力
【解题思路】根据第三段第二句“While the more active twins had lower body fat percentage, better endurance level, and normal sensitivity, the inactive twins had about seven more pounds of body fat, worse endurance, and signs of disease.”可知,更活跃的双胞胎耐力更好。故本题选D。
【干扰项排除】选项A、C文中未提及。选项B错误。
第5题:
【原文考查】词义理解题
【选项释义】
短语“sneak up on”最有可能的意思是( )。
A.保护
B.攻击
C.影响
D.有益于
【解题思路】根据题干定位到最后一段第三句,“Considering the less active twins in the study had become couch potatoes (沉溺于看电视的人)only recently, these changes can sneak up on you a lot sooner than you’d think.”可知,考虑到研究中不太活跃的双胞胎最近才变成了电视迷,这些变化可能比你想象得更早...你。本句讨论的是运动量少,不活跃的影响。因此这些变化不会是有利变化。故排除选项A和D。change一词与attack搭配语义不通。故本题选C。
【干扰项排除】选项A、B、D不符合题意。