Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
问题1选项
A.It tends to dwell upon their joyous experiences.
B.It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury.
C.It wanders for almost half of their waking time.
D.It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.
问题2选项
A.To study the relation between health and daydreaming.
B.To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.
C.To observe how one’s mind affects one’s behavior.
D.To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.
问题3选项
A.It contributes to their creativity.
B.It contributes to clear thinking.
C.It helps them tap their potentials.
D.It helps them make good decisions.
问题4选项
A.Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance.
B.Non-daydreamers were more focused on their tasks than daydreamers.
C.The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant.
D.Subjects with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.
Passage Two In 2014, one in 16 Americans visited the hospital emergency room for home injuries. One of the main causes of these accidents? A wandering mind! [12] By one estimate, people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours. Psychologists have recently focused on the tendency to think about something other than the task one is doing. [13] For one experiment, researchers developed an app to analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness. They found that the average person’s mind wandered most frequently (about 65% of the time) during personal activities, such as brushing their teeth and combing their hair. Respondents’ minds tended to wander more when they felt upset rather than happy. They were more likely to wander toward pleasant topics than unpleasant ones. How do daydreams affect daydreamers? A wandering mind leaves us vulnerable when driving. In one study, researchers interview 955 people involved in traffic accidents. The majority of them reported having daydream just before the accident. Yet other research suggests that daydreaming has benefits. Researchers have found that it gives us a chance to think about our goals and [14] it also seems to increase creativity. In one experiment, 145 undergraduates completed four “unusual uses” tasks, each requiring them to list as many uses as possible for everyday object. After the first pair of tasks was completed, one group of participants was assigned an undemanding activity intended to cause their minds to wander. When all the participants proceeded to the second pair of tasks, [15] the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others.
12. What does the passage say about people’s mind? 【试题答案】C 【试题解析】题目问的是这篇文章提到的关于人的思想的信息。录音开头提到：据估计，人们几乎一半的清醒时间都在幻想（people daydream through nearly half of their waking hours），C选项“醒着的时候，几乎有一半的时间都在走神”与之表述一致，因此正确。干扰项是A选项“倾向于沉湎于他们快乐的经历”，录音中提到的是他们更倾向于谈论愉快的话题（pleasant topics），因此A选项不正确；B选项“大脑受伤后很难集中注意力”和D选项“容易受到负面情绪的影响”在录音中均未提及。 13. For what purpose did the researchers develop the new app? 【试题答案】D 【试题解析】题目问研究人员开发这款新软件的目的是什么？录音提到，在一项实验中，研究人员开发了一款应用程序来分析幻想和幸福之间的关系（analyze the relationship between daydreaming and happiness），D选项“找出幸福是如何与幻想关联的”是此信息的同义表述，因此正确。A选项“健康与幻想的关系”；B选项“看看为什么幻想会影响一个人的行为”；C选项“观察一个人的思想如何影响他的行为”均不正确。 14. How does daydreaming benefit people according to some researchers? 【试题答案】A 【试题解析】题目问根据一些研究者的说法，幻想是怎样使人受益的？录音中也提到了幻想的好处：研究发现，它给了我们思考目标的机会，而且似乎还能提高创造力（increase creativity），A选项中的contributes to是录音中increase的同义替换，因此A选项正确；B选项“有助于清晰思考”；C选项“帮助他们挖掘潜力”；D选项“有助于他们做出正确的决定”均不正确。 15. What was the finding of the experiment with 145 undergraduates? 【试题答案】A 【试题解析】题目问那个有145名本科生参加的实验发现了什么？录音最后提到，当所有参与者进行第二组任务时，“幻想者”的表现比其他人好40 % （the daydreamers performed 40 percent better than the others），由此可知，A选项“幻想者在做任务时的表现优于非幻想者”与之表述一致，因此正确。由上也可排除B选项“非幻想者比幻想者更专注于自己的任务”和C选项“两组之间的表现差异不明显”；而D选项“有明确目标的受试者的表现优于没有明确目标的受试者”在录音中并没有提及明确目标这一信息，因此错误。
