试题出自试卷《2016年四川师范大学考博英语真题解析》

【写作思路】
开头段：介绍中国收入差距的写作背景，提出自己的观点，解决收入差距问题对国家至关重要。
主体段：分析造成收入差距的原因。
1. 中国的快速经济增长和发展导致了社会不平等。
2. 缺乏有效的政策解决收入不平等问题。
阐述解决收入差距问题的意义。
1. 收入差距可能会导致社会动荡和冲突的危害。
2. 解决收入差距问题能带来积极的经济效益。
结尾段：总结全文，解决收入差距需要国家和地方两级的仔细考虑和规划。

【参考范文】

In recent years, China has made significant progress in reducing poverty and improving living standards for its citizens. However, the country still faces significant challenges in addressing the wealth and income divide. As a citizen of China, I believe that addressing the wealth and income divide is crucial for the country’s overall prosperity and stability.
One major contributor to this divide is the rapid economic growth and development that China has experienced over the past few decades. While this has brought numerous benefits, it has also led to the emergence of a highly unequal society, with a small group of wealthy individuals accumulating vast amounts of wealth while many others struggle to make ends meet. At the same time, there is a lack of effective policies to address income inequality. While the central government has introduced measures such as the minimum wage and social welfare programs, these have often been insufficient to address the underlying structural causes of inequality.
Therefore, it is of profound significance to solve this issue. On the one hand, a large income gap can lead to social unrest and conflicts, as those at the lower end of the income spectrum may feel disadvantaged and marginalized. This can lead to protests and other forms of civil unrest, which can destabilize the country and hinder its development. On the other hand, addressing the income gap can also have positive economic benefits. A more equal distribution of wealth can lead to increased consumer spending, as those at the lower end of the income spectrum are able to afford more goods and services. This, in turn, can boost the economy and lead to overall prosperity.
In conclusion, addressing the wealth and income divide in China is a complex and multifaceted issue that requires careful consideration and planning. It will require a combination of policies and efforts at both the national and local levels to address the underlying causes of inequality and ensure that all citizens have the opportunity to reach their full potential.

【重点词汇】
make ends meet 使收支平衡 underlying /ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ/ adj. 根本的
unrest /ʌnˈrest/ n. 动荡；动乱 spectrum /ˈspektrəm/ n. 范围
marginalize /ˈmɑːdʒɪnəlaɪz/ v. 使处于边缘 multifaceted /ˌmʌltiˈfæsɪtɪd/ adj. 多方面的

【精选句型】
1. While this has brought numerous benefits, it has also led to the emergence of a highly unequal society, with a small group of wealthy individuals accumulating vast amounts of wealth while many others struggle to make ends meet.（分析收入差距的原因）
虽然这带来了许多好处，但也导致了一个高度不平等的社会的出现，一小群富有的人积累了大量的财富，而其他许多人则努力维持生计。
2. On the one hand, a large income gap can lead to social unrest and conflicts, as those at the lower end of the income spectrum may feel disadvantaged and marginalized.（阐述收入差距的危害）
一方面，巨大的收入差距可能会导致社会动荡和冲突，因为收入较低的人群可能会感到处于不利地位和被边缘化。
3. It will require a combination of policies and efforts at both the national and local levels to address the underlying causes of inequality and ensure that all citizens have the opportunity to reach their full potential.（解决收入差距的措施）
这需要国家和地方两级的政策和努力相结合，以解决不平等的根本原因，并确保所有公民都有机会充分发挥其潜力。

【全文翻译】

近年来，中国在减少贫困和提高人民生活水平方面取得了重大进展。然而，我国在解决财富和收入差距方面仍面临重大挑战。作为一名中国公民，我认为解决财富和收入差距对国家的整体繁荣和稳定至关重要。
造成这种差距的一个主要因素是中国在过去几十年经历的快速经济增长和发展。虽然这带来了许多好处，但也导致了一个高度不平等的社会的出现，一小群富有的人积累了大量的财富，而其他许多人则努力维持生计。与此同时，还缺乏有效的政策来解决收入不平等问题。尽管中央政府出台了最低工资和社会福利等措施，但这些措施往往不足以解决不平等的深层次结构性问题。
因此，解决这一问题具有深远的意义。一方面，巨大的收入差距可能会导致社会动荡和冲突，因为收入较低的人群可能会感到处于不利地位和被边缘化。这可能导致抗议和其他形式的内乱，从而破坏国家的稳定并阻碍其发展。另一方面，解决收入差距也能带来积极的经济效益。更平等的财富分配会导致消费支出增加，因为收入较低的人群能够负担得起更多的商品和服务。这反过来又能刺激经济，带来整体繁荣。
总之，解决中国的财富和收入差距是一个复杂和多方面的问题，需要仔细考虑和规划。这需要国家和地方两级的政策和努力相结合，以解决不平等的根本原因，并确保所有公民都有机会充分发挥其潜力。