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The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, (1)will be useful to introduce some (2)concepts. Conflict, (3) as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is (4) from competition, (5)means opposition among social units (6) seeking to obtain something which is (7)inadequate supply. Competitors may not know about one another, which those who(8)in a conflict do. Conflict and competition are both (9) of opposition. The meaning of opposition has been stated as a process by which social units function in the disservice of one another. Opposition is (10) contrasted to cooperation, a (11)by which social units function in the service of one another. These (12) are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited (13), but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very (14) to occur and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.
Many authors have based their arguments that war cannot be avoided on the idea (15) in the struggle for existence among groups of animals, only those which are best adapted remain (16). In general, however, this struggle (17) is competition, not conflict. Those who fail in this competition (18) starve to death or are killed by other types of animals. This struggle for existence is not (19) human war, but is(20) the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The most important quality of this struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are not enough to satisfy all.

问题1选项
A.it
B.that
C.what
D.this
问题2选项
A.related
B.relating
C.relative
D.relation
问题3选项
A.specified
B.remarked
C.defined
D.claimed
问题4选项
A.variable
B.distinguished
C.various
D.isolated
问题5选项
A.it
B.this
C.that
D.which
问题6选项
A.critically
B.approximately
C.independently
D.costly
问题7选项
A.on
B.for
C.with
D.in
问题8选项
A.enter
B.participate
C.fall
D.involve
问题9选项
A.formations
B.classes
C.terms
D.reactions
问题10选项
A.nevertheless
B.however
C.thus
D.maybe
问题11选项
A.procession
B.standard
C.process
D.measurement
问题12选项
A.accounts
B.definitions
C.descriptions
D.explanations
问题13选项
A.resources
B.origins
C.sources
D.materials
问题14选项
A.likely
B.probably
C.necessarily
D.possibly
问题15选项
A.which
B.while
C.when
D.that
问题16选项
A.lived
B.living
C.alive
D.life
问题17选项
A.on the contrary
B.at length
C.in particular
D.in nature
问题18选项
A.not only
B.either
C.neither
D.both
问题19选项
A.similar to
B.same as
C.resembled
D.imitated
问题20选项
A.equal
B.alike
C.like
D.unlike
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