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The economic depression in the late-nineteenth-century United States (31) significantly to a growing movement in literature toward realism and naturalism. After the 1870’s, a number of important authors began to reject the romanticism that had (32) immediately following the Civil War of 1861-1865 and turned (33) to realism. (34) to portray life as it was, with (35) to real life and accurate representation without idealization, they studied local dialects, wrote stories which focused on life in specific regions of the country, and emphasized the “true” relationships between people. In doing so, they reflected broader trends in the society, (36) industrialization, evolutionary theory which emphasized the effect of the environment on humans, and the influence of science.
Realists such as Joel Chandler Harris and Ellen Glasgow depicted life in the South, Hamlin Garland described life on the Great Plains, and Sarah Orne Jewett wrote about everyday life in rural New England. Another realist, Bret Harte, achieved fame (37) stories that portrayed local life in the California mining camps.
Samuel Clemens, who (38) the pen name Mark Twain, became the country’s most outstanding realist author, observing life around him with a humorous and skeptical eye. In his stories and novels, Twain drew on his own experiences and used dialect and common speech instead of (39) language, touching (40) a major change in American prose style.
Other writers became impatient even with realism. Pushing evolutionary theory to its limits, they wrote of a world in which a cruel and merciless environment determined human fate. These writers, called naturalists, often focused on economic hardship, studying people struggling with poverty, and other aspects of (41) and industrial life. Naturalists brought to their writing a passion for direct and honest experience.
Theodore Dreiser, the foremost naturalist writer, in novels such as Sister Carrie, (42) portrayed a dark world in which human beings were (43) by forces (44) their understanding or control. Dreiser thought that writers should tell the truth about human affairs, not (45) romance, and Sister Carrie, he said, was “not intended as a piece of literary craftsmanship, but was a picture of conditions.”

问题1选项
A.dedicated
B.contributed
C.fabricated
D.deliberated
问题2选项
A.debauched
B.weakened
C.enfeebled
D.prevailed
问题3选项
A.against
B.instead
C.over
D.forward
问题4选项
A.Determined
B.Determine
C.Determining
D.To determine
问题5选项
A.deception
B.fantasy
C.realization
D.fidelity
问题6选项
A.with regard to
B.in terms of
C.such as
D.regardless of
问题7选项
A.with
B.on
C.by
D.about
问题8选项
A.created
B.innovated
C.adopted
D.renewed
问题9选项
A.literal
B.literate
C.literary
D.literature
问题10选项
A.about
B.off
C.on
D.with
问题11选项
A.suburban
B.urban
C.local
D.modern
问题12选项
A.grimly
B.fervidly
C.frigidly
D.frenziedly
问题13选项
A.tossed about
B.held down
C.ended up
D.built up
问题14选项
A.between
B.within
C.beyond
D.off
问题15选项
A.fabricate
B.develop
C.converge
D.replenish
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