单选题

试题出自试卷《宁波大学2010年考博英语真题及答案解析》

Read the following Research Funding Opportunities.

Department of Agriculture

Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (AFRI)
Deadline: varies by program area
Synopsis: The Food and Agricultural Science Enhancement (FASE) Grants component of this program includes funding for new investigators. A new investigator is defined as an individual who is beginning his/her career, does not have an extensive scientific publication record, and has less than four years postgraduate, career-track experience. The new investigator may not have received competitively awarded Federal research funds with the exception of pre- or postdoctoral research grants or USDA NRI or AFRI Seed Grants.

Department of Defense

Young Investigator Program, Office of Naval Research (YIP)
Deadline: early January
Synopsis: The program supports academic scientists and engineers who have received Ph.D. or equivalent degrees within the last six years. The objectives are to attract outstanding faculty members to the Department of the Navy’s research program, to support their research, and to encourage their teaching and research careers. Proposals may request up to $170,000 per year for three years. ONR research areas are available here.
New Investigator Awards, Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP)
Deadline: varies by program
Synopsis: Funding program areas vary and may include: Food Allergies, Lung Cancer, Multiple Sclerosis, Peer Reviewed Cancer, Orthopaedic, Spinal Cord Injury, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Autism, Bone Marrow Failure, Breast Cancer, Deployment Related Medical, Gulf War Illness, Minority & Underserved Populations, Neurofibromatosis, Ovarian Cancer, Peer Reviewed Medical, Prostate Cancer, Psychological Health/Traumatic Brain Injury, Tuberous Sclerosis Complex. Some of these program areas, such as Peer Reviewed Cancer, Prostate Cancer, and Traumatic Brain Injury have included New Investigator Awards.

Department of Energy

Outstanding Junior Investigator Program, Office of Nuclear Physics (OJIP)
Deadline: September or October for letter of intent, November or December for application
Synopsis: Applications should be from tenure-track faculty who are currently involved in experimental or theoretical nuclear physics research and teaching, the U.S. Nuclear Data Program or accelerator physics research and teaching related to nuclear physics projects. Applicants must be no more than ten years beyond the Ph.D. at the deadline for the application.
Plasma Physics Junior Faculty Award Program, Fusion Energy Sciences Program (FESP)
Deadline: August or September ( program cancelled for FY 2010)
Synopsis: Applications in any area of basic plasma physics research are welcomed and encouraged. The proposed research must focus on fundamental plasma physics issues, as opposed to applications of plasma physics.

National Science Foundation

Faculty Early Career Development (FECD) Program, NSF
Deadline: July
Synopsis: The intent of the program is to provide stable support at a sufficient level and duration to enable awardees to develop careers as outstanding researchers and educators who effectively integrate teaching, learning and discovery. The minimum FECD award size is $140,000 for a ten-year period for all directorates except BIO. For proposals submitted to the BIO directorate, the minimum award size is $500,000 over five years.
Research Initiation Grants to Broaden Participation in Biology (RIG BP), NSF Directorate for Biological Sciences
Deadline: second Monday in January
Synopsis: These grants are intended to increase the diversity of researchers who apply for and receive BIO funding to initiate research programs early in their careers. Currently, African Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders are under-represented in biology.
36. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
37. Who is eligible for OJIP?
38. Of all the programs, which one offers the longest and thus largest award?
39. We learn that RIG BP is designed for the purpose of ______.
40. What is the common feature of all the above programs?

问题1选项
A.An AFRI Seed Grant receiver can still apply for AFRI Competitive Grants Program.
B.The total financial support of YIP by Department of Defence may amount to $170,000.
C.CDMRP is offered jointly by Department of Defence and National Institutes of Health.
D.To apply for OJIP, you have to submit your final proposal in September or October.

问题2选项
A.Ph.D. graduates.
B.Researchers in energy science.
C.D. graduates.B. Researchers in energy science.C.
D.graduates.B. Researchers in energy science.C. Permanent teaching staff.D. Senior staff with Ph.D. degrees.

问题3选项
A.FESP.
B.RIG BP.
C.YIP.
D.FECD.

问题4选项
A.helping under developed peoples
B.encouraging minority researchers
C.enhancing the awareness of minorities
D.studying the biology of minority areas

问题5选项
A.The deadlines are all set after Sept.
B.They are for new researchers.
C.The support is generous.
D.The areas of support are specific.

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36.【选项释义】
36. Which of the following statements is true according to the text? 36. 根据文章，下列哪个陈述是正确的？
A. An AFRI Seed Grant receiver can still apply for AFRI Competitive Grants Program. A. AFRI种子基金受助人仍可申请AFRI竞争性基金计划。
B. The total financial support of YIP by Department of Defence may amount to $170,000. B. 国防部对YIP的财政支助总额可达17万美元。
C. CDMRP is offered jointly by Department of Defence and National Institutes of Health. C. CDMRP由美国国防部和美国国立卫生研究院联合提供。
D. To apply for OJIP, you have to submit your final proposal in September or October. D. 要申请OJIP，你必须在9月或10月提交最终提案。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据第二部分对YIP的描述，从倒数第二句“提案可能要求每年高达17万美元（request up to $170,000 per year），为期三年”可知，国防部对YIP的财政支出高达17万美元，B项表述正确。
【干扰项排除】
A、C选项没有提到，属于无中生有；
D选项定位第三部分对OJIP的描述，其中提到“意向书申请截止日期为9月或10月，申请截止日期为11月或12月”，可知，9月或10月只是提交意向书的截止日期，该项曲解原文。
37.【选项释义】
37. Who is eligible for OJIP? 37. 谁有资格参加OJIP？
A. Ph.D. graduates. A. 博士毕业生。
B. Researchers in energy science. B. 能源科学研究人员。
C. Permanent teaching staff. C. 终身教学人员。
D. Senior staff with Ph.D. degrees. D. 具有博士学位的高级职员。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干汇总的OJIP，定位至文章第三部分对OJIP的描述，Synopsis中的第一句有提到“申请者必须是目前从事实验或理论核物理研究和教学、美国核数据计划或与核物理项目相关的加速器物理研究和教学的终身教职人员（tenure-track faculty）”，综合理解可知，申请者必须是终身教职人员。因此，该题选择C项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项在该部分没提到，属于无中生有。
38.【选项释义】
38. Of all the programs, which one offers the longest and thus largest award? 38. 在所有的项目中，哪个项目提供的奖励时间最长、金额最大？
A. FESP. A. FESP.
B. RIG BP. B. RIG BP.
C. YIP. C. YIP.
D. FECD. D. FECD.
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】定位至文章最后一个部分对FECD的描述，Synopsis中的最后两句提到“除BIO外，所有董事的最低FECD奖励金额为10年140,000美元。对于提交给BIO董事会的提议书，5年内的最低资助金额为50万美元。”，从中可知，FECD项目的奖金时间是10年，且最低有14万美元，对于提交给BIO董事会的提议书，时间是5年，且最低为50万美元；综合理解可知，FECD提供的奖金时间最长，金额最大。故该题选择D项。
【干扰项排除】
A、B选项都没有提到奖金的金额及资助时间，属于无中生有；
C选项定位第二部分对YIP的描述，Synopsis中倒数第二句提到“提案可能要求每年高达17万美元，为期三年”，从中可知，YIP项目的奖金资助并不是时间最长的，该项属于曲解原文。
39.【选项释义】
39. We learn that RIG BP is designed for the purpose of ______. 39. 我们了解到RIG BP是为______而设计的。
A. helping under developed peoples A. 帮助欠发达人群而设计的
B. encouraging minority researchers B. 鼓励少数民族研究人员
C. enhancing the awareness of minorities C. 提高少数民族的意识
D. studying the biology of minority areas D. 研究少数民族地区的生物学
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】定位至文章最后一个部分对RIG BP项目的描述，根据Synopsis的描述：“这些资助旨在增加申请和接受BIO资助并在职业生涯早期启动研究项目的研究人员的多样性。”，从中我们可知，RIG BP的目的是为了增加研究人员的多样性；而且RIG BP的全称是“扩大生物学参与的研究启动基金（Research Initiation Grants to Broaden Participation in Biology）”，从Broaden Participation in Biology（扩大生物学参与）综合理解可知，RIG BP主要是为了鼓励研究人员参与，B项与之相符。因此，该题选择B项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项中的欠发达人群并不等于少数民族地区的研究人员，属于曲解原文；
C选项没有提到，属于无中生有；
D选项表述与原文不符，属于曲解原文。
40.【选项释义】
40. What is the common feature of all the above programs? 40. 以上所有项目的共同特点是什么？
A. The deadlines are all set after Sept. A. 截止日期都定在9月以后。
B. They are for new researchers. B. 它们是给新研究人员的。
C. The support is generous. C. 支持是慷慨的。
D. The areas of support are specific. D. 支持的领域是特定的。
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】通读全文可知，文章中讨论到的5个项目所涉及和涵盖的领域都各不相同，所以它们各自支持的领域都是特定的，这是它们的共同特征。所以，该题选择D项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项只有OJIP项目是确定在9月以后，其他项目都不是，该项曲解原文；
B选项与原文不符，原文提到的是包括新研究人员在内的，该项曲解原文；
C选项在文中提到的关于资助奖金的金额，只有YIP和FECD有提到，其他项目并不知道，该项曲解原文。

试题出自试卷《宁波大学2010年考博英语真题及答案解析》

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