A remarkable variety of insects live in this planet. More species of insects exist than all other animal species together. Insects have survived on earth for more than 300 million years, and may possess the ability to survive for millions more.
Insects can be found almost everywhere — on the highest mountains and on the bottom of rushing streams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground, jump and sing in the trees, and run and dance in the air. They come in many different colors and various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating our crops as well as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and other areas. But licks and some insects, such as mosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.
There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability to adapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The one place they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects can survive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods — paint, pepper, glue, books, grain, cotton, other insects, plants and animals. Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.
A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, water and physical impact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangerous situations or toward food or males. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: An African ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.
Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be right before our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump of brown soil, gray lichen, a seed or some other natural object. Some insects use bright, bold colors to send warning signals that they taste bad, sting or are poison. Others have wing patterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies are fooled into avoiding them.
26. Insects can be found in large amounts in the following places EXCEPT ______.
27. Insects protect themselves from chemicals by ______.
28. Some insects disguise like natural objects so as to ______.
29. The passage mentions that insects ______.
30. The passage is mainly about ______.
问题1选项
A.on the mountains with little air
B.in the cold polar areas
C.in the hot desert areas
D.in the open oceans
问题2选项
A.hiding in tiny spaces
B.having a strong shell
C.flying away when necessary
D.changing colors or shapes
问题3选项
A.frighten away their enemies
B.avoid being discovered
C.send warming signals
D.look bitter-tasting
问题4选项
A.can be found in any extreme environments
B.have survived longer than any other creatures
C.can be fed on any natural or man- made foods
D.are important for the growth of crops and flowers
问题5选项
A.how insects survive in different places
B.why insects can survive so successfully
C.what insects can do to the environment
D.where insects can be found in quantity
第1题:D
第2题:B
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:B
26.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“除……外，在以下地方可以看到大量昆虫”。文章第二段及第三段都提及昆虫大量生长的地方，其中第三段第三句提到The one place they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans.（迄今为止，有一个地方还没有在很大程度上发现它们，那就是在广阔的海洋中），所以D项“在广阔的海洋中”正确。A项“在空气稀薄的山上”、B项“在寒冷的极地地区”和C项“在炎热的沙漠地区”在第二段都提到了，属于反向干扰。因此，该题选择D项。
27.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“昆虫通过……保护自己免受化学物质的侵害”。定位第四段第一句A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, water and physical impact.（一个坚固、坚硬但有弹性的外壳覆盖着它们的软器官，可以抵抗化学物质、水和物理冲击），protect…from…是对resistant to的同义替换，所以B项“拥有一个坚固的外壳”正确。A项“躲在狭小的空间里”是昆虫可以在各种各样的天然和人工食物中生存的原因，该项张冠李戴。C项“在必要时飞走”和D项“改变颜色和形状”也不是昆虫免受化学物质伤害的原因，属于出处错位。因此，该题选择B项。
28.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“有些昆虫伪装成自然物体以便……”。定位最后一段第二句An insect may be right before our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump of brown soil, gray lichen, a seed or some other natural object.（昆虫可能就在我们眼前，但几乎看不见，因为它被巧妙地伪装成一片绿叶、一块棕色的土壤、灰色的地衣、一粒种子或其他自然物体），其中nearly invisible表明昆虫伪装是为了不被发现，所以B项“避免被发现”正确。A项“吓走他们的敌人”、C项“发出警告信号”和D项“看起来是有苦味”都是昆虫伪装的目的，但是都与伪装成自然物体无关，属于出处错位。因此，该题选择B项。
29.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“这篇文章提到了昆虫……”。定位第二段倒数第二句Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating our crops as well as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and other areas.（昆虫对人类非常有用，在草地、森林、沙漠和其他地区，昆虫为我们的作物和花朵授粉），由useful及分词结构pollinating可推断昆虫对植物的生长有益处，D项“对农作物和花卉的生长很重要”正确。定位到第三段第二句和第三句Their amazing ability to adapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The one place they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans.（它们惊人的适应能力使它们能够在极端的温度和环境中生活。迄今为止，有一个地方还没有在很大程度上发现它们，那就是在广阔的海洋中。）可知，昆虫虽然能在极端的温度和环境中生存，但不是在任何环境中。A项“在任何极端环境中都能找到”曲解原文。定位文章第一段最后一句Insects have survived on earth for more than 300 million years, and may possess the ability to survive for millions more.（昆虫已经在地球上生存了3亿年多，并且可能有能力再存活数百万年）可知，文章虽在开头指出昆虫存活的年代久远，但全文未提到它是存活时间最长的生物，所以B项“比其他任何生物存活的时间都长”无中生有。定位第三段倒数第二句Insects can survive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods — paint, pepper, glue, books, grain, cotton, other insects, plants and animals.（昆虫可以在各种各样的天然和人工食物中生存：油漆、胡椒、胶水、书籍、谷物、棉花以及其他昆虫、植物和动物），虽然提到昆虫可以在各种各样的天然和人工食物中生存，但只是a wide range of，这与C项“可以吃任何天然的或人造的食物”中的any不符，属于曲解原文。因此，该题选择D项。
30.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章主要是关于……”。本文前两段首先描述了昆虫生存了很长的时间，并能在各种地方生长，然后第三段引出文章要讨论的重点，即昆虫为什么能成功存活，定位第三段第一句There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving.（昆虫如此成功的生存有很多原因），该句为本文的中心句，所以B项“为什么昆虫可以如此成功地生存”正确。A项“昆虫如何在不同的地方生存”和D项“能大量发现昆虫的地方”以偏概全。C项“昆虫对环境的影响”没有提到，属于无中生有。因此，该题选择B项。
