Everyone knows about straight-A student. They get high grades, all right, but only by becoming dull and diligent students, their noses always stuck in a book. How, then, do we account for Paul Melendres? Melendres, now a freshman at the University of New Mexico, was student-body president at Valley High School in Albuquerque. He joined the soccer and basketball team of his school, exhibited at the science fair, was chosen for the National Honor Society and he achieved straight A’s in all his classes.
How do super-achievers like Melendres do it? Brains aren’t the only answer. “Top grades don’t always go to the brightest students,” declares Herbert Walberg, a professor of education at the University of Illinois at Chicago, who has conducted major studies on super-achieving students. “Knowing how to make the most of your innate abilities counts for more. Infinitely more.”
Hard work isn’t the whole story, either. “It’s not how long you sit there with the books open,” said one of the many-A students we interviewed. “It’s what you do while you’re sitting.” Indeed, some of these students actually put in fewer hours of homework time than their lower-scoring classmates.
The kids at the top of the class get there by mastering a few basic techniques that others can readily learn.
Set priorities. Top students brook no intrusions on study time. Once the books are open or the computer is booted up, phone calls go unanswered, TV shows unwatched, snacks ignored. Study is business; business comes before recreation.
Study anywhere - or everywhere. A cross-country runner who worked out every day used the time to memorize biology terms. Another student posted a vocabulary list by the medicine cabinet and learned a new word every day while brushing his teeth.
Get organized. In high school, McCray ran track, played rugby and was in the band and orchestra. “I was so busy, I couldn’t waste time looking for a pencil or missing paper. I kept everything right where I could put my hands on it,” he says.
Among the students we interviewed, study times were strictly a matter of personal preference. Some worked late at night when the house was quiet. Others awoke early. Still others studied as soon as they came home from school when the work was fresh in their minds. All agreed, however, on the need for consistency.
7. Which of the following statements might Herbert Walberg agree with?
8. In paragraph three, the author stresses the importance of ____.
9. “Top students brook no intrusions on study time.” (Para. 5) means that they ____.
10. What tips might McCray offer to other students?
11. What can we learn about study times from the last paragraph?
12. What is the topic of the passage?
问题1选项
A.A super-achiever has to devote all his spare time to study.
B.High IQ alone may not be the guarantee of top grades.
C.Innate abilities do not make much difference to your grades.
D.The brighter the students, the greater their chances of success.
问题2选项
A.discipline
B.practice
C.carefulness
D.efficiency
问题3选项
A.consider study more important than anything else
B.never ask any questions while studying
C.don’t allow other things to interrupt their study
D.don’t want other people to tell them how to study
问题4选项
A.Study anywhere at any time.
B.Learn as much as you can.
C.Put things in their right places.
D.Join a school organization.
问题5选项
A.Study times can be adjusted every day.
B.Study times vary from person to person.
C.There are no best study times for a student.
D.Study times are crucial for academic excellence.
问题6选项
A.Secrets of top students.
B.Balancing study and play.
C.Hard work in high schools.
D.Grades and education.
第1题:B
第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:C
第5题:B
第6题:A
第1题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements might Herbert Walberg agree with? Herbert Walberg可能会同意下面哪个表述?
A. A super-achiever has to devote all his spare time to study. A. 一个学霸必须把他所有的业余时间都用来学习。
B. High IQ alone may not be the guarantee of top grades. B. 仅仅高智商并不能保证取得好成绩。
C. Innate abilities do not make much difference to your grades. C. 天赋对你的成绩影响不大。
D. The brighter the students, the greater their chances of success. D. 学生越聪明,他们成功的机会就越大。
【答案】B
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词Herbert Walberg定位到原文第2段,该段介绍Herbert Walberg的观点。本段最后一句说到,他认为“知道如何充分利用你的天赋更重要,重要得多。”由此可知,Herbert Walberg认为对于取得好成绩来说,知道如何充分利用天赋(高智商)比天赋本身更重要,只有天赋是不够的,B选项“仅仅高智商并不能保证取得好成绩”表述正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“一个学霸必须把他所有的业余时间都用来学习”,Herbert Walberg没有提到该观点,该选项属于无中生有;
C选项“天赋对你的成绩影响不大”,Herbert Walberg只是认为充分利用天赋更重要,但没有说天赋不重要,该选项属于偷换概念;
D选项“学生越聪明,他们成功的机会就越大”,Herbert Walberg认为聪明本身不是最重要的,并且原文第2段第3句Herbert Walberg说“最好的成绩(Top grades)并不总是属于最聪明的学生(the brightest students)”,因此,该选项表述错误,属于本末倒置。
第2题:
【选项释义】
In paragraph three, the author stresses the importance of ________. 作者在第三段强调了________的重要性。
A. discipline A. 自律
B. practice B. 练习
C. carefulness C. 谨慎
D. efficiency D. 效率
【答案】D
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】本题考查第3段的主旨。本段第一句说“努力(Hard work)也不是故事的全部。”第二句说“重要的不是你打开书在那坐了多久(how long you sit there),重要的是你坐在那的时候在干什么(It’s what you do while you’re sitting)。”第三句说“一些成绩好的学生比成绩差点儿的学生花在家庭作业上的时间更少(put in fewer hours of homework time)。”综上,本段主旨为努力不是全部,学习的时间长短也不是,重要的是你做了什么,即强调的是D选项“效率”的重要性。
【干扰项排除】
A、B、C三个选项均不符合本段主旨。
第3题:
【选项释义】
“Top students brook no intrusions on study time.” (Para. 5) means that they ________. “优等生不允许学习时间受到干扰。”(第5段)的意思是他们________。
A. consider study more important than anything else A. 把学习看得比什么都重要
B. never ask any questions while studying B. 学习时不问任何问题
C. don’t allow other things to interrupt their study C. 不让其他事情干扰他们的学习
D. don’t want other people to tell them how to study D. 不希望别人告诉他们如何学习
【答案】C
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词Para. 5定位到原文第5段,本段第2句是本题引用的句子。本段的结构是总分式,开头第一句点名主旨“设置优先级(Set priorities)”。本段第3句到“一旦打开了书或电脑,就不会接电话(phone calls go unanswered),不看电视节目(TV shows unwatched),也不会吃零食(snacks ignored)。”由此可知,这句话的意思是C选项“不让其他事情干扰他们的学习”。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“把学习看得比什么都重要”,表述错误,本段“学习优先”的意思是学习的时候就只学习,其他什么事都不干,并不是“把学习看得比什么都重要”的意思,该选项属于过度推理;
B选项“学习时不问任何问题”,原文并未提及,属于无中生有;
D选项“不希望别人告诉他们如何学习”,原文并未提及,属于无中生有。
第4题:
【选项释义】
What tips might McCray offer to other students? McCray可能会给其他学生什么建议?
A. Study anywhere at any time. A. 随时随地学习。
B. Learn as much as you can. B. 尽可能多地学习。
C. Put things in their right places. C. 把东西放到该放的地方。
D. Join a school organization. D. 加入一个学校组织。
【答案】C
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词McCray定位到原文第7段。本段的结构是总分式,第一句点明本段主旨“要有条理(Get organized)”,后文举了McCray的例子。本段最后一句,McCray说“我太忙了,没有时间去找铅笔或丢失的纸。我把所有东西都放在我能摸到的地方。”由此可知,C选项“把东西放到该放的地方”是他可能会提的建议。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“随时随地学习”是第6段的内容,属于张冠李戴;
B选项“尽可能多地学习”原文并未提及,属于无中生有;
D选项“加入一个学校组织”,原文虽然提到了他加入了很多组织,但这并不是他表达的重点,该选项属于本末倒置。
第5题:
【选项释义】
What can we learn about study times from the last paragraph? 关于学习时间,我们可以从最后一段中得知什么?
A. Study times can be adjusted every day. A. 学习时间可以每天调整。
B. Study times vary from person to person. B. 学习时间因人而异。
C. There are no best study times for a student. C. 对于学生来说,没有最佳的学习时间。
D. Study times are crucial for academic excellence. D. 学习时间对学业成绩至关重要。
【答案】B
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词last paragraph定位到原文最后一段。本段第一句说到“学习时间(study times)完全是个人喜好问题(a matter of personal preference)”;紧接着就举了早、晚及放学后立马学习的三类人的例子,因此,B选项“学习时间因人而异”表述正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“学习时间可以每天调整”,表述错误,属于曲解原文。本段最后一句提到“所有人都同意有必要保持一致性(the need for consistency)。”因此,学习时间不应该每天调整;
C选项“对于学生来说,没有最佳的学习时间”,表述错误,属于过度推理。本段只说每个人最佳学习的时间不一样,并不是没有最佳学习的时间;
D选项“学习时间对学业成绩至关重要”,本段的中心虽然是“学习时间”,但是本段的重点并不在于论证学习时间的重要对成绩的重要性,该选项属于无中生有。
第6题:
【选项释义】
What is the topic of the passage? 本文的主题是什么?
A. Secrets of top students. A. 优等生的秘密。
B. Balancing study and play. B. 平衡学习和娱乐。
C. Hard work in high schools. C. 在高中努力学习。
D. Grades and education. D. 成绩和教育。
【答案】A
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】分析文章行文结构。本文的行文逻辑是“总分式”:第1段通过Paul Melendres的例子导入本文话题;第2段第1句,点明本文的主题“像Melendres这样的超级成功者是如何做到的呢?”;第2-3段,指出“天赋和努力不是唯一的答案,重要的是做了什么(It’s what you do while you’re sitting)”;第4段承上启下,点明他们是因为掌握了一些基础技巧(by mastering a few basic techniques);第5-8则分别介绍这些技巧。综上所述,A选项“优等生的秘密”,即优等生是如何成为优等生的是本文的主题。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“平衡学习和娱乐”,只是本文第5段的内容,优等生成功的机器技巧之一,该选项属于以偏概全;
C选项“在高中努力学习”,本文并未提及,该选项属于无中生有;
D选项“成绩和教育”,本文虽然提到了成绩,但没有提到教育,该选项属于无中生有。
【文章来源】《读者文摘》(Reader’s Digest)2010
【参考译文】
每个人都知道优等生。他们取得了好成绩,但这只是因为他们变成了沉闷而勤奋的学生,他们总是埋头于书本。那我们怎么解释保罗•梅伦德雷斯的情况?梅伦德雷斯现在是新墨西哥大学的一名新生,曾是阿尔伯克基山谷高中的学生会主席。他参加了学校的足球队和篮球队,参加了科学展览,入选了国家荣誉学会,在所有的课程中都取得了A的成绩。
像梅伦德雷斯这样的超级成功者是如何做到的?头脑并不是唯一的答案。“最好的成绩并不总是属于最聪明的学生,”芝加哥伊利诺伊大学教育学教授赫伯特•沃尔伯格说,他曾对成绩优异的学生进行过重大研究。“知道如何最大限度地发挥你的先天能力,这一点更重要。无限重要。”
努力学习也不是故事的全部。我们采访的众多优等生之一说:“重要的不是你坐在那里翻开书本多久。而是你在坐着的时候做了什么。”事实上,这些学生中的一些人花在家庭作业上的时间比得分较低的同学要少。
班级里最优秀的孩子是通过掌握一些其他人很容易学会的基本技巧而取得成功的。
设置优先级。优等生在学习时间上不容侵犯。一旦书本打开或电脑启动,电话就不接了,电视节目就不看了,零食也不理了。学习就是工作;工作优先于娱乐。
在任何地方或所有地方学习。一位每天锻炼的越野跑运动员利用这段时间来记忆生物术语。另一个学生在药柜旁边贴了一张词汇表,每天一边刷牙一边学一个新单词。
变得有条不紊。高中时,麦克雷跑田径,打橄榄球,还参加了乐队和管弦乐队。“我太忙了,我不能浪费时间去找铅笔或丢失的纸。我把所有东西都放在我能拿到的地方。”
在我们采访的学生中,学习时间完全是个人喜好的问题。有些人在夜深人静的时候学习。其他人则早早醒来。还有一些人,他们一放学回家就开始学习,因为他们对工作还记忆犹新。然而,所有人都同意有必要保持一致。