About four years ago, Kerry Sturgill found herself at a career crossroads: Should she stay in an industry populated by extroverts (外向型的人) or jump ship to a more reflective place where introverts like her were in the majority
Career counselors had told her to get out of the highly extroverted public relations fields “so you can be happy and do what you are.” Among the less fast-paced areas they pointes to: art, scientific research, data analysis.
Such a move is definitely the right road for many introverts struggling to fit into an extroverted workplace. So, just what is an introvert anyway? It’s someone who is energized by thought and reflection, while extroverts are energized by socializing. Introverts naturally need to think before they speak. Extroverts use the speaking process to figure out what it is to say.
And, needless to say, there are pluses and minuses to both personality types.
Still, in the modern world where as many as two-thirds of the population may be extroverted, those who are the opposite can be misunderstood. They can be seen as antisocial, secretive, even territorial, because they can sometimes try to protect their “space” and quiet.
Workplaces can actually benefit from having both types, says Deborah Barrett, program director of the Rice University MBA communications program.
An introvert herself, she says she has the best of both worlds―working in an environment of professors, who tend towards introversion, yet getting to teach, which calls on her more “out there” skills.
Here’s her advice for those looking to follow the same path:
Make good use of e-mail. If you don’t get to make a point at a loud meeting, send a follow-up email sharing your thoughts.
If you don’t have an office and are easily distracted by ongoing small talk, consider listening to music through headphones. But take care not to make your more sociable neighbors feel rejected.
Sure, she says, if she had moved to a less stimulating environment, that might have “short- circuited a lot of my pain, but I also believe it would have short-circuited learning what’s made me a much more well-rounded person.” Her main lesson? “I don’t have to be an extrovert. I just have to play at being one for an hour.”
19. According to the career counselors, ____.
20. Which of the following statements is true?
21. According to the author, introverts are sometimes misunderstood because they are ____.
22. Deborah Barrett believes that teaching is a practice of ____.
23. By “short-circuited a lot of my pain” (in the last paragraph), Deborah Barrette means “______”.
24. We can learn from Deborah Barrett’s case that introverted people ____.
问题1选项
A.introverts should try to avoid working in a highly extroverted environment
B.introverts should try to change themselves to fit into an extroverted working environment
C.extroverts should work in less fast-paced areas such as art and scientific research
D.introverts can be happier if they can find jobs in the field of public relations
问题2选项
A.People with introverted personality have some disadvantages in finding jobs.
B.People with introverted personality have some advantages in working with others.
C.Both introverted and extroverted people have merits and demerits.
D.Most workplaces need more extroverted people than introverted ones.
问题3选项
A.antisocial
B.reserved
C.aggressive
D.queer
问题4选项
A.reflection
B.introversion
C.energizing
D.socializing
问题5选项
A.ruined a lot of her happiness
B.saved her a lot of trouble
C.relieved her of a heavy burden
D.added to her sufferings
问题6选项
A.should not share offices with extroverted ones
B.are easily irritated by small talk
C.like to communicate with others via e-mail
D.are reluctant to express their ideas in public
第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:B
第6题:D
19. 事实细节题。
1）精准定位：根据题干“根据职业顾问，_____”,可定位到原文第2段Career counselors had told her to get out of the highly extroverted public relations fields “so you can be happy and do what you are.” Among the less fast-paced areas they pointes to: art, scientific research, data analysis.（职业顾问曾告诉她，不要再从事极度外向的公关行业，“这样你就能快乐地做自己该做的事。”在节奏较慢的领域，他们指出：艺术、科学研究、数据分析。）再根据原文第1段最后一句中introverts like her（像她这样内向的人）可知，“她”是一个内向的人。
2）综合理解：由此可知，职业顾问认为内向的人不要从事过度外向的行业，比如公关，而应该去节奏较慢的行业，比如艺术、科学研究、数据分析，这样他们会更快乐。A选项“内向的人应该避免在一个非常外向的环境中工作”，表述符合原文。B选项“内向的人应该努力改变自己，以适应外向的工作环境”，原文并未提及，属于无中生有；C选项“外向的人应该在节奏不那么快的领域工作，比如艺术和科学研究”，原文说的是“内向的人”，而不是选项中的“外向的人”，该选项属于张冠李戴；D选项“如果能找到公共关系领域的工作，内向的人会更快乐”，表述错误，原文认为内向的人离开公关工作会更开心，该选项属于反向干扰。因此，本题最佳选项为A。
20. 事实细节题。
1）精准定位：
A选项“性格内向的人在找工作时有一些缺点”，可定位到原文第4段And, needless to say, there are pluses and minuses to both personality types.（不用说，这两种性格都有利有弊。）原文只是说这两种性格的人都各有利弊，并没有提他们在找工作时的利弊，该选项属于推理过度，排除。
B选项“性格内向的人在与他人合作时有一些优势”，可定位到原文第3段第2-3句So, just what is an introvert anyway? It’s someone who is energized by thought and reflection, while extroverts are energized by socializing.（那么，到底什么是内向者呢？内向的人是通过思考和反思获得能量的人，而外向的人是通过社交获得能量的人。）由此可知，外向的人更适合社交，在与他人合作中更有优势，而不是选项所说的“内向的人”，该选项属于张冠李戴，排除。
C选项“内向和外向的人都有优点和缺点”，可定位到原文第4段And, needless to say, there are pluses and minuses to both personality types.（不用说，这两种性格都有利有弊。）由此可知，选项表述符合原文。
D选项“大多数工作场所需要更多外向的人而不是内向的人”，可定位到原文第6段Workplaces can actually benefit from having both types.（工作场所实际上可以从这两种类型中受益。）原文的意思是这两种性格的人工作场所都需要，并没说哪种人需要的更多，该选项属于推理过度，排除。
2）综合理解：只有C选项表述正确，符合题意。因此，本题最佳选项为C。
21. 事实细节题。
1）精准定位：根据题干“根据作者的说法，内向的人有时会被误解，因为他们是____”，可定位到原文第5段第1句Still, in the modern world where as many as two-thirds of the population may be extroverted, those who are the opposite can be misunderstood.（然而，在现代世界中，多达三分之二的人可能是外向的，那些性格相反的人可能会被误解。）和第5段第2句They can be seen as antisocial, secretive, even territorial, because they can sometimes try to protect their “space” and quiet.（他们可能被认为是反社会的、神秘的，甚至是有领土意识的，因为他们有时会试图保护自己的“空间”并且安静。）
2）综合理解：由此可知，作者认为他们被误解的原因是“他们试图保护自己的‘空间’并且安静”，B选项“寡言少语的；矜持的”最符合原文。C选项“好斗的；有进取心的”、D选项“奇怪的”均属于曲解原文，排除；A选项“反社会的”表述错误，这是别人对内向的人的误解，而不是作者认为他们被误解的原因，该选项属于偷换概念，排除。因此，本题最佳选项为B。
22. 事实细节题。
1）精准定位：根据题干“Deborah Barrett认为教学是____的一种实践”，可定位到原文第7段An introvert herself, she says she has the best of both worlds―working in an environment of professors, who tend towards introversion, yet getting to teach, which calls on her more “out there” skills.（作为一个内向的人，她说她拥有两个世界中最好的工作——在一个倾向于内向的都是教授的环境中工作，同时又能教书，这需要她更多的“外行”技能。）
2）综合理解：由此可知，Deborah Barrett认为对于一个在内向的环境中工作的人来说，教学需要更多的“外行”技能。与“内向”相对的是“外向”，根据上文第3段第3句It’s someone who is energized by thought and reflection, while extroverts are energized by socializing.（内向的人是通过思考和反思获得能量的人，而外向的人是通过社交获得能量的人。）可知，外向的人更会社交。因此，此处的“外行”技能指的应该是D选项“社交”。A选项“反思”、C选项“激励”属于无中生有，排除；B选项“内向”，指的是教授所在的环境倾向与“内向”，而不是指教学，该选项属于张冠李戴，排除。因此，本题最佳选项为D。
23. 判断推理题。
1）句内线索：根据题干“Deborah Barrette在最后一段所说的‘让我的许多痛苦短路’的意思是”可定位到原文最后一段第1句if she had moved to a less stimulating environment, that might have “short- circuited a lot of my pain, but I also believe it would have short-circuited learning what’s made me a much more well-rounded person”.（如果她换到一个不那么刺激的环境，这可能会“______，但我也相信，这也会_____学到的知识，而正是这些知识使我成为一个更全面的人”。）由此可知，划线句的内容是“她”去到一个不那么刺激的环境的好处。
2）上下文线索：根据第7段第1句An introvert herself, she says…“作为一个内向的人，她说……”由此可知，他是一个内向的人。
3）综合理解：对于一个内向的人来说，在一个刺激的环境工作，是痛苦的，那么换到一个不那么刺激的环境，她的痛苦应该是减少了的，B选项“给她省了不少麻烦”表述符合原文。A选项“毁了她很多幸福”、D选项“使她更加痛苦”，与原文意思相反，属于反向干扰，排除；C选项“减轻了她的负担”，原文并未提到“负担”，该选项属于无中生有，排除。因此，本题最佳选项为B。
24. 推理判断题。
1）句内线索：题干“我们可以从Deborah Barrett的案例中了解到内向的人____。”
A选项“不应该和外向的人共用办公室”，可定位到第10段第1句If you don’t have an office and are easily distracted by ongoing small talk,（如果你没有办公室，很容易被闲聊分心，）原文只是假设没有办公室的话，并没有说他们不应该和别人共用办公室，该选项属于偷换概念，排除。
B选项“很容易被闲聊惹恼”，可定位到第10段第1句If you don’t have an office and are easily distracted by ongoing small talk,（如果你没有办公室又很容易被闲聊分心的话，）原文 的是“分心”，而不是选项中的“惹恼”，该选项属于曲解原文，排除。
C、D选项可定位到第9段Make good use of e-mail. If you don’t get to make a point at a loud meeting, send a follow-up email sharing your thoughts.（好好利用电子邮件。如果你没有在一个喧闹的会议上表达你的观点，发一封后续邮件分享你的想法。）原文“发电子邮件”是Deborah Barrett给内向的人的建议，并没有说他们就喜欢这么做，C选项“喜欢通过电子邮件与他人交流”属于偷换概念，排除；通过他们没有在会议上表达自己的看法，可以推断出D选项“不愿意在公共场合表达自己的想法”，符合原文。
2）综合理解：只有D选项符合原文。因此，本题最佳选项为D。
