An 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke once said, “All that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.” One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights to rule out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.
For example, a grandmotherly woman setting up an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing brochures that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines. Asked if she opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, “Then I would have to say yes.” Asked what happen when epidemics return, she said, “Don’t worry, scientists will find some way by using computers.” Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way—in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement, a father’s bypass operation, a baby’s vaccinations, and even a pet’s shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
Much can be done. Scientists could “adopt” middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.
36. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to ___________.
37. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is ____________.
38. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s _____________.
39. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should _____________.
40. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is ___________.
问题1选项
A.call on scientists to take some actions
B.criticize the misguided cause of animal rights
C.warn of the doom of biomedical research
D.show the triumph of the animal rights movement
问题2选项
A.cruel but natural
B.inhuman and unacceptable
C.inevitable but vicious
D.pointless and wasteful
问题3选项
A.discontent with animal research
B.ignorance about medical science
C.indifference to epidemics
D.anxiety about animal rights
问题4选项
A.communicate more with the public
B.employ hi-tech means in research
C.feel no shame for their cause
D.strive to develop new cures
问题5选项
A.a well-known humanist
B.a medical practitioner
C.an enthusiast in animal rights
D.a supporter of animal research
第1题:A
第2题:B
第3题:B
第4题:A
第5题:D
第1题:
【选项释义】
The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to ________. 作者以埃德蒙·伯克的话开始了他的文章________。
A. call on scientists to take some actions A. 呼吁科学家采取行动
B. criticize the misguided cause of animal rights B. 批判动物权利运动的错误事业
C. warn of the doom of biomedical research C. 警告生物医学研究的末日
D. show the triumph of the animal rights movement D. 展示动物权利运动的胜利
【答案】A
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】文章开篇引用伯克名言“好人无所作为会导致错误事业成功”，旨在强调科学家必须对动物权利倡导者做出有力回应（第二段首句）。后文详细列举科学家应采取的沟通行动（如科普教育、开放实验室等），呼应“采取行动”的核心意图。因此A选项“呼吁科学家采取行动”正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“批判动物权利运动的错误事业”，作者虽不认同该运动，但引名言重点在呼吁行动而非批判，属于曲解原文；
C选项“警告生物医学研究的末日”过度悲观，作者提出解决方案而非渲染绝望，属于过度推断；
D选项“展示动物权利运动的胜利”与引言的警示作用相反，作者正试图阻止其胜利，属于反向干扰。
第2题:
【选项释义】
Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is ________. 被误导的人倾向于认为在研究中使用动物是________。
A. cruel but natural A. 残忍但自然
B. inhuman and unacceptable B. 不人道且不可接受
C. inevitable but vicious C. 不可避免但邪恶
D. pointless and wasteful D. 无意义且浪费
【答案】B
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】第三段最后一句明确说明了被误导者的观点：“animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst”（动物实验往好了说是浪费，往坏了说是残忍）。老妇人例子中她拒绝任何动物相关产品（包括疫苗），进一步体现其认为此类研究不人道且不可接受。因此B选项“不人道且不可接受”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A、C、D选项在文中均无法体现，属于曲解原文。
第3题:
【选项释义】
The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s ________. 老奶奶的例子是用来展示公众的________。
A. discontent with animal research A. 对动物研究的不满
B. ignorance about medical science B. 对医学的无知
C. indifference to epidemics C. 对流行病的漠不关心
D. anxiety about animal rights D. 对动物权利的焦虑
【答案】B
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词the grandmotherly woman可以定位到文章第二段，老妇人认为计算机可替代动物研究解决流行病（scientists will find some way by using computers），暴露其完全不了解疫苗研发必须依赖动物实验。作者紧接评价“Such well-meaning people just don’t understand”（这些善意者并不理解），直接指向公众认知缺失。因此B选项“对医学的无知”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“对动物研究的不满”，例子确实显示不满，但重点是通过其言论揭示不满根源是“无知”，属于曲解原文；
C选项“对流行病的漠不关心”，文中她回答“别担心”，但并未体现漠不关心，而是错误信任技术替代方案，属于曲解原文；
D选项“对动物权利的焦虑”，例子体现其支持动物权利，但作者意图是揭示支持背后的“无知”而非焦虑本身，属于曲解原文。
第4题:
【选项释义】
The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ________. 作者认为，面对动物权利倡导者的挑战，科学家应该________。
A. communicate more with the public A. 加强与公众沟通
B. employ hi-tech means in research B. 在研究中采用高科技手段
C. feel no shame for their cause C. 对自己的事业无愧于心
D. strive to develop new cures D. 努力研发新疗法
【答案】A
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词scientists可以定位到文章第三段，第一句明确解决方案“Scientists must communicate their message to the public...”（必须用公众能理解的方式沟通）。后文具体列出沟通措施：科普教育（中学课堂）、回应媒体质疑、开放实验室、联合患者群体等。因此A选项“加强与公众沟通”正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“在研究中采用高科技手段”，老妇人提到计算机时被作者否定，重点在沟通而非技术本身，属于曲解原文；
C选项“对自己的事业无愧于心”，科学家可能无愧，但作者强调需主动“证明”价值而非被动坚持，属于曲解原文；
D选项“努力研发新疗法”，研发是长期目标，但当下最迫切的是解决公众误解导致的资金与舆论危机，属于曲解原文。
第5题:
【选项释义】
From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is ________. 从文中我们得知，斯蒂芬·库珀是________。
A. a well-known humanist A. 知名人道主义者
B. a medical practitioner B. 医疗从业者
C. an enthusiast in animal rights C. 动物权利热衷者
D. a supporter of animal research D. 动物研究的支持者
【答案】D
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词Stephen Cooper可以定位到文章最后一段，明确了库珀的身份：“well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research”（他勇敢声明动物研究的价值）。courageous（有胆量的）暗示其立场在反对声中具有风险，显然是支持者。因此D选项“动物研究的支持者”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“知名人道主义者”，文中并未提及其人道主义背景，且“人道主义”可能被误解为反对动物实验，属于无中生有；
B选项“医疗从业者”在文中并未提及，属于无中生有；
C选项“动物权利热衷者”与原文矛盾，他是为动物研究辩护，而非支持动物权利运动，属于反向干扰。
