No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such virtue.
The Problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better—or worse—part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either, but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars.
Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. However until quite recently, most People had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, Wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.
Today the Opposite is true. We have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat—or even only somewhat overweight—is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.
Our obsession with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem—too much fat and a lack of fiber—than a weight problem.
The real concern, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop -paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory.
1. In the eyes of the author an odd phenomenon nowadays is that ______.
2. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author ______.
3. In human history people’s views on body weight ______.
4. The author criticizes women’s obsession with thinness ______.
5. What’s the author’s advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?
问题1选项
A.the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue
B.looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune
C.being thin is viewed as a much desired quality
D.religious people are not necessarily virtuous
问题2选项
A.had to go on a diet for the greater part of her life
B.could still prevent herself from going off the track
C.had to seek help from rich distant relatives
D.had to wear highly fashionable clothes
问题3选项
A.were closely related to their religious beliefs
B.changed from time to time
C.varied between the poor and the rich
D.led to different moral standards
问题4选项
A.from an economic and educational perspective
B.from sociological and medical points of view
C.from a historical and religious standpoint
D.in the light of moral principles
问题5选项
A.They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle.
B.They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.
C.They should gain weight to look healthy.
D.They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes.
第1题:C
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:B
第5题:A
1.【选项释义】
1. In the eyes of the author an odd phenomenon nowadays is that ______. 1. 在作者看来，现在一个奇怪的现象是______。
A. the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue A. 温莎公爵夫人被认为是有德行的女人
B. looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune B. 看起来苗条是有钱的象征
C. being thin is viewed as a much desired quality C. 瘦被认为是一种很受欢迎的品质
D. religious people are not necessarily virtuous D. 有宗教信仰的人不一定有道德
【答案】C
【考查点】细节事实题。
【解题思路】根据关键词odd定位至第一段第二三句“这句常被认为是已故温莎公爵夫人的名言，体现了我们这个时代的古怪精神（embodies much of the odd spirit of our times）。瘦被认为是一种美德。”可知，作者认为现在一个奇怪的现象就是瘦被认为是一种美德，C项“瘦被认为是一种很受欢迎的品质”与原文相符。因此，该题选择C项。
【干扰项排除】
A项“温莎公爵夫人被认为是有德行的女人”，原文并没有提到作者对温莎公爵夫人的评价，该项无中生有；
B项“看起来苗条是有钱的象征”，根据第三段最后一句“在一些宗教团体中，财富是可能的救赎和高尚道德的象征，而肥胖则是财富和健康的象征”可知，看起来肥胖是富有的象征，该项反向干扰；
D项“有宗教信仰的人不一定有道德”在原文没有提及，属于无中生有。
2.【选项释义】
2. Swept by the prevailing trend, the author ______. 2. 受到流行趋势的影响，作者______。
A. had to go on a diet for the greater part of her life A. 一生中大部分时间都在节食
B. could still prevent herself from going off the track B. 能阻止自己脱离正轨
C. had to seek help from rich distant relatives C. 不得不向有钱的远亲寻求帮助
D. had to wear highly fashionable clothes D. 必须穿非常时髦的衣服
【答案】A
【考查点】细节事实题。
【解题思路】根据原文第二段第二三句“我自己也幻想着穿上紧身的名牌衣服。因此，我一直在节食，不管是好是坏。”可知，作者受到影响，一直在节食，希望能穿上紧身的名牌衣服。因此，本题正确答案为A选项。
【干扰项排除】
B项“能阻止自己脱离正轨”由解题思路可知，作者同样受到了流行趋势的影响，且第三段第一句的问题“我们在哪里偏离轨道了？”可以体现，作者其实偏离了轨道，该项属于反向干扰；
C项“不得不向有钱的远亲寻求帮助”，定位第二段最后一句“有钱也不是坏事，但这不会发生，除非一个陌生的亲戚在某个遥远的地方突然去世，给我留下数百万美元”可知，作者并没有向有钱的远亲寻求帮助，该项属于曲解原文；
D项“必须穿非常时髦的衣服”由解题思路可知，作者只是幻想能穿上紧身时髦的衣服，该项表述太绝对，属于曲解原文。
3.【选项释义】
3. In human history people’s views on body weight ______. 3. 在人类历史上，人们对体重的看法______。
A. were closely related to their religious beliefs A. 与他们的宗教信仰密切相关
B. changed from time to time B. 经常发生变化
C. varied between the poor and the rich C. 富人和穷人不一样
D. led to different moral standards D. 导致不同的道德标准
【答案】B
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据原文第三段第二句“从什么时候开始，吃黄油成了一种罪，多吃一点肉就算不令人反感，也没有吸引力了？”，和最后一句“在一些宗教团体中，财富是可能的救赎和高尚道德的象征，而肥胖则是财富和健康的象征”，从中可知，对于肥胖的看法在不同时期不同团体中都是不同的，可推断在人类历史上，人们对于体重的看法总是变化的，所以该题选择B项“经常发生变化”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A项“与他们的宗教信仰密切相关”，原文只是提及一些宗教对于体重有些不同的看法，并没有说人们对于体重的看法一定与宗教相关，该项曲解原文；
C项“富人和穷人不一样”在原文没有提及，属于无中生有；
D项“导致不同的道德标准”，定位第三段最后一句“在一些宗教团体中，财富是可能的救赎和高尚道德的象征……”可知，不同的道德标准是由财富决定的，并不是人们对体重的看法，该项曲解原文。
4.【选项释义】
4. The author criticizes women’s obsession with thinness ______. 4. 作者从______批评了女性对苗条的痴迷。
A. from an economic and educational perspective A. 从经济和教育的角度
B. from sociological and medical points of view B. 从社会学和医学的角度
C. from a historical and religious standpoint C. 从历史和宗教的角度
D. in the light of moral principles D. 根据道德原则
【答案】B
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据原文第五段的内容“我们对苗条的痴迷还受到健康问题的影响。的确，在这个国家，超重的人比以往任何时候都多，而且在很多情况下，超重与心血管疾病的风险增加相关。然而，这些疾病可能与我们的生活方式和高脂肪饮食有关，也与超重有关。消化系统癌症的相关风险可能更多的是饮食问题——过多的脂肪和纤维的缺乏——而不是体重问题。”可知，出于对健康的考虑，妇女会更加痴迷于追求苗条，但是接着作者讲到，从社会学的角度来看，肥胖者的增加与人们的生活方式息息相关，随后作者又从医学的角度分析了饮食不合理造成消化系统的癌变，而非体重原因。所以作者是从社会学和医学的角度来批评女性对苗条的痴迷，B项“从社会学和医学的角度”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】A项“从经济和教育的角度”和D项“根据道德原则”在文中没有依据，属于无中生有；
C项“从历史和宗教的角度”在原文中虽然从宗教角度描述了肥胖是一种财富和健康的象征，但是在这部分作者并没有表达女性对苗条的痴迷的抨击或批评，只是客观陈述肥胖在宗教中的象征意义，所以该项属于曲解原文。
5.【选项释义】
5. What’s the author’s advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?5. 对于那些一心追求苗条的女性，作者有什么建议呢？
A. They should be more concerned with their overall lifestyle. A. 她们应该更关注自己的整体生活方式。
B. They should be more watchful for fatal diseases. B. 她们应该对致命疾病更加警惕。
C. They should gain weight to look healthy. C. 为了看起来健康，她们应该增加体重。
D. They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes. D. 她们应该摆脱对名牌服装的幻想。
【答案】A
【考查点】细节事实题。
【解题思路】根据最后一段倒数第二句“如果那些变瘦（或者已经变瘦了）的人认为自己自然而然就很健康，从而不去关注自己的整体生活方式，这实际上是很危险的”可知，作者的言外之意是希望她们多注意整体的生活方式，故本题选择A项“她们应该更关注自己的整体生活方式”。
【干扰项排除】
B项“她们应该对致命疾病更加警惕”和D项“她们应该摆脱对名牌服装的幻想”没有提及，无中生有；
C项“为了看起来健康，她们应该增加体重”，由解题思路可知，想要变得健康就要注重生活方式，这不仅仅是变瘦或者增肥能达到的，该项偷换概念。
