Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U.S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient (变化无常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems—both legal and educational—for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.
Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis. But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.
One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.
Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.
1. It is implied in the first paragraph that ________.
2. The National Coalition for the Homeless believes that the number of homeless children is ________.
3. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ________.
4. The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that ________.
5. The passage mainly deals with ________.
问题1选项
A.there is a serious shortage of academic facilities.
B.homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education.
C.the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties.
D.many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities.
问题2选项
A.440,000
B.110,000
C.350,000
D.1,500,000
问题3选项
A.the homeless children usually stay outside school
B.some homeless children are deserted by their families
C.the homeless children are too young be counted as children
D.the homeless population is growing rapidly
问题4选项
A.the address of grade school children should be located
B.all homeless people are entitled to free education
C.the educational problems of homeless children are being recognized
D.the estimates on homeless children are hard to determine
问题5选项
A.the social status of older males
B.estimates on the homeless population
C.the legal problems of the homeless children
D.the educational problems of homeless children
第1题:A
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:C
第5题:D
1.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句this transient and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems—both legal and educational—for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.（这些四处流浪、饱受惊吓的学生群体给已经不堪重负的城市教学和教学管理带来了法律和教育方面的额外麻烦。），可知第一段表达的是城市教学负担不起那么多学生，A选项“教学设施严重短缺”正确。B选项“无家可归的孩子被剥夺了接受免费教育的机会”，C选项“即使到了八十多岁，作者自己依然无家可归”和D选项“许多无家可归的老人正在25个城市举行罢工”文中没有提到，故错误。因此A选项正确。
2.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段第三、四句there are 220,000 homeless school-age children…But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children（美国有22万无家可归的学龄儿童……但全国无家可归者援助联盟估计,至少有两倍的无家可归的孩子），可知A选项“44万”正确；B选项“11万”，C选项“35万”和D选项“150万”错误。因此A选项正确。
3.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第三段One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homes…many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.（在无家可归的人口中，有一部分特别难以统计，那就是被抛弃的青少年……其中许多人没有被算作儿童，因为他们没有住在家庭庇护所，往往自己在街上生活。），所以B选项“有的无家可归的孩子被他们的家人遗弃”正确。A选项“无家可归的孩子通常呆在学校外面”，C选项“无家可归的孩子还太小，不能算孩子”和D选项“无家可归的人口正在迅速增长”文中没有提到。因此B选项正确。
4.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】语义推测题。根据文章最后一段Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.（1987年的联邦法律《斯图尔特•B•麦金尼无家可归者救助法案》中有一部分专门针对无家可归儿童的教育需求。《麦金尼法案》的教育条款是基于这样一种信念，即所有无家可归的儿童都有权利接受免费、合适的教育。），可知无家可归儿童的教育问题受到社会关注，C选项“越来越多人意识到无家可归儿童的教育问题”正确；A选项“小学儿童应该被安置下来”和B选项“所有无家可归的人都有权接受免费教育”是法案的部分内容，不是表达的重点。D选项“无家可归儿童的估计数量很难确定”：在这一段没有体现。因此C选项正确。
5.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出无家可归的儿童没有足够的教育资源，第二、三段讲无家可归的儿童的教育和生活状况，第四段讲法律帮助这些儿童，所以整篇文章在讲无家可归的儿童的教育问题，D选项“无家可归儿童的教育问题”正确。A选项“年长男性的社会地位”：只有在文章第一句出现以引出下文。B选项“对无家可归人口数量的估计”和C选项“无家可归儿童的法律问题”：是文章的部分内容，不足以概括全文。因此D选项正确。
