The other problem that arises from the employment of women is that of the working wife. It has two aspects: that of the wife who is more of a success than her husband and that of the wife who must rely heavily on her husband for help with domestic tasks. There are various ways in which the impact of the first difficulty can be reduced. Provided that husband and wife are not in the same or directly comparable lines of work, the harsh fact of her greater success can be obscured by a genial conspiracy to reject a purely monetary measure of achievement as intolerably crude. Where there are ranks, it is best if the couple work in different fields so that the husband can find some special reason for the superiority of the lowest figure in his to the most elevated in his wife’s.
A problem that affects a much larger number of working wives is the need to re-allocate domestic tasks if there are children. In The Road to Wigan Pier George Orwell wrote of the unemployed of the Lancashire coalfields: “Practically never… in a working- class home, will you see the man doing a stroke of the housework. Unemployment has not changed this convention, which on the face of it seems a little unfair. The man is idle from morning to night but the woman is as busy as ever—more so, indeed, because she has to manage with less money. Yet so far as my experience goes the women do not protest. They feel that a man would lose his manhood if, merely because he was out of work, he developed in a ‘Mary Ann’.”
It is over the care of young children that this re-allocation of duties becomes really significant. For this, unlike the cooking of fish fingers or the making of beds, is an inescapably time-consuming occupation, and time is what the fully employed wife has no more to spare of than her husband.
The male initiative in courtship is a pretty indiscriminate affair, something that is tried on with any remotely plausible woman who comes within range and, of course, with all degrees of tentativeness. What decides the issue of whether a genuine courtship is going to get under way is the woman’s response. If she shows interest the engines of persuasion are set in movement. The truth is that in courtship society gives women the real power while pretending to give it to men.
What does seem clear is that the more men and women are together, at work and away from it, the more the comprehensive amorousness of men towards women will have to go, despite all its past evolutionary services. For it is this that makes inferiority at work abrasive and, more indirectly, makes domestic work seem unmanly, if there is to be an equalizing redistribution of economic and domestic tasks between men and women there must be a compensating redistribution of the erotic initiative. If women will no longer let us beat them, they must allow us to join them as the blushing recipients of flowers and chocolates.
1.The first paragraph advises the working wife who is more successful than her husband to( ).
2.Orwell’s picture of relations between man and wife in Wigan Pier describes a relationship which the author of the passage( ) .
3.The last paragraph stresses that if women are to hold important jobs, then they must( ) .
4.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the present form of courtship?
问题1选项
A.work in the same sort of job as her husband
B.play down her success, making it sound unimportant
C.stress how much the family gains from her high salary
D.introduce more labour-saving machinery into the home
问题2选项
A.thinks is the natural one
B.wishes to see preserved
C.believes is fair
D.is sure must change
问题3选项
A.sometimes make the first advances in love
B.allow men to flirt with many women
C.stop accepting presents of flowers and chocolates
D.avoid making their husbands look like “Mary Anns”
问题4选项
A.The woman’s reaction decides the fate of courtship.
B.Each man “makes passes” at many women.
C.Men are equally serious about courtship.
D.The man leaves himself the opportunity to give up the chase quickly.
第1题:
1.【选项释义】
1. The first paragraph advises the working wife who is more successful than her husband to ______. 1. 第一段建议比丈夫更成功的职业女性去______。
A. work in the same sort of job as her husband A. 和她的丈夫做同样的工作
B. play down her success, making it sound unimportant B. 淡化她的成功,让它听起来不重要
C. stress how much the family gains from her high salary C. 强调家庭从她的高薪中得到了多少
D. introduce more labour-saving machinery into the home D. 将更多省力的机器引入家庭
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据第一段第四句“只要丈夫和妻子没有从事相同或者可进行比较的工作,拒绝粗鲁地纯粹以金钱来衡量成功,女性更为成功这个残酷的事实就可能被巧妙的遮掩”,从这句话可知,如果妻子比丈夫更成功,只要丈夫和妻子没有从事相同或者能够比较的工作,那么女性可以淡化自己的成就。所以B项“淡化她的成功,让它听起来不重要”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A项“和她的丈夫做同样的工作”,根据解题思路可知,原文建议妻子和丈夫不要做同样的工作,该项反向干扰;
C项“强调家庭从她的高薪中得到了多少”表述与原文相反,原文是遮掩妻子成功的事实,该选项反而强调了她的成功,反向干扰;
D项“将更多省力的机器引入家庭”,原文未提及省力机器,无中生有。
第2题:
2.【选项释义】
2. Orwell’s picture of relations between man and wife in Wigan Pier describes a relationship which the author of the passage ______. 2. 奥威尔在《维根码头》中对夫妻关系的描绘描述了一种作者______的关系。
A. thinks is the natural one A. 觉得它是很自然的一件事
B. wishes to see preserved B. 希望能保留下来
C. believes is fair C. 认为是公平的
D. is sure must change D. 一定要改变
【考查点】观点态度题。
【解题思路】根据第二段的内容可知,Orwell在《维根码头》中描写了一个失业者,男人从不分担家务,尤其是工人阶级的家庭。而女人们并不反对这种现状,她们认为做家务会使男人丧失男子气概。而作者在第三段提到,正是在照顾孩子方面,这种职责的重新分配才变得真正重要。这说明作者认为书中描述的状态是不合理的,一定要改变。所以选项D正确。
【干扰项排除】A项“觉得它是很自然的一件事”、B项“希望能保留下来”和C项“认为是公平的”根据解题思路可知,这三项都与作者表达的态度相反,属于反向干扰。
第3题:
3.【选项释义】
3. The last paragraph stresses that if women are to hold important jobs, then they must ______. 3. 最后一段强调,如果女性要担任重要的工作,那么她们必须______。
A. sometimes make the first advances in love A. 有时会在爱情中率先取得进展
B. allow men to flirt with many women B. 允许男人和很多女人调情
C. stop accepting presents of flowers and chocolates C. 停止接受鲜花和巧克力礼物
D. avoid making their husbands look like “Mary Anns” D. 避免让她们的丈夫看起来像娘娘腔
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】首先,定位至文章最后一段最后一句,“如果女士不允许男士在事业上打败她们,她们必须允许男士加入到红着脸接受鲜花和巧克力的队伍”,从中可知,如果女性想要担任重要的工作,她们必须允许男士也可以接受鲜花和巧克力,可以推断,这里实际上是暗示女士在恋爱中也应该主动一些。A项“有时会在爱情中率先取得进展”符合这一分析。故该题选择A项正确。
【干扰项排除】
B项“允许男人和很多女人调情”在最后一段没有提到,无中生有;
C项“停止接受鲜花和巧克力礼物”,原文是让男性加入接受鲜花巧克力的行列,不代表女性就要停止接受,该项曲解原文;
D项“避免让她们的丈夫看起来像娘娘腔”,原文只是在说到男性失业后在家里无所事事,女性不抱怨时,提及这一点,与女性担任重要职位无关,该项张冠李戴。
第4题:
4.【选项释义】
4. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the present form of courtship? 4. 关于现在的求爱形式,下列哪个陈述是不正确的?
A. The woman’s reaction decides the fate of courtship. A. 女人的反应决定了求爱的命运。
B. Each man “makes passes” at many women. B. 每个男人都会和许多女人调情。
C. Men are equally serious about courtship. C. 男人在求爱问题上也同样严肃。
D. The man leaves himself the opportunity to give up the chase quickly. D. 男人给自己留下了迅速放弃追求的机会。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据倒数第二段的第一句“在求爱过程中,男性主动是一件不加以区别的事情(The male initiative in courtship is a pretty indiscriminate affair),他们会犹豫不决地尝试着追求所接触的有可能发展关系的女性”,从a pretty indiscriminate affair(一件不加以区别的事情)可知,C项“男人在求爱问题上也同样严肃”中的serious与原文相反。故该题选择C项。
【干扰项排除】
A项“女人的反应决定了求爱的命运”,根据倒数第二段第二句“女人的反应决定了她们是否会开始真正的求爱”,可知该项与原文相符,属于反向干扰;
B项“每个男人都会和许多女人调情”,根据解题思路可知,该项与原文相符,属于反向干扰;
D项“男人给自己留下了迅速放弃追求的机会”,原文倒数第二段第一句说到“……男性犹豫不决地尝试着追求所接触的有可能发展关系的女性”,说明他们给自己留了退路,随时准备放弃;该项与原文相符,属于反向干扰。