Three (1) years ago Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit made his (2) thermometer in
his home town of Danzig (Now Gdansk in Poland). The thermometer was filled with (3)
and completely sealed, but it was not much use without some sort of (4) to measure the
temperature.
One story (5) that, during the winter of 1708—1709,Fahrenheit took a measurement
of 0 degrees as the coldest temperature outdoors—which would now read as minus 17.8°C. Five
years (6) he used mercury instead of alcohol for his (7) ,and made a top reference
point by measuring his own body temperature as 90 degrees. Soon afterwards he became a glassblower, (8)______allowed him to make thinly blown glass tubes that could be marked up with more points on the scale and so (9)______accuracy.
Eventually he took the (10) point of his temperature scale from a reading made in ice,
water and salt, and a top point made from the boiling point of water. The scale was recalibrated
using 180 degrees between these (11) points and Fahrenheit was able to make much more
accurate and more (12) measurements of temperature.
But in 1742 a rival challenged the Fahrenheit scale and (13) superseded it. Anders
Celsius, in Sweden, invented a scale of 100 degrees between the freezing and boiling points of
water and gradually (14) over many countries. However, the British (15) wedded to
Fahrenheit until well into the 20th century.
问题1选项
A.thousand
B.hundred
C.decades of
D.hundreds of
问题2选项
A.initial
B.final
C.first
D.last
问题3选项
A.alcohol
B.mercury
C.sand
D.salt
问题4选项
A.scale
B.measurement
C.points
D.degrees
问题5选项
A.says
B.rumors
C.concludes
D.goes
问题6选项
A.ago
B.before
C.after
D.later
问题7选项
A.thermometers
B.measurements
C.points
D.degrees
问题8选项
A.thereby
B.which
C.that
D.what
问题9选项
A.enlarge
B.add up
C.increase
D.promote
问题10选项
A.eldest
B.lowest
C.coolest
D.deepest
问题11选项
A.three
B.four
C.two
D.dual
问题12选项
A.continuous
B.continuant
C.coherent
D.consistent
问题13选项
A.eventually
B.accidentally
C.surprisingly
D.fortunately
问题14选项
A.took
B.turned
C.brought
D.won
问题15选项
A.kept
B.remained
C.maintained
D.sustained
第1题:B
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:A
第5题:D
第6题:D
第7题:A
第8题:B
第9题:C
第10题:B
第11题:C
第12题:D
第13题:A
第14题:D
第15题:D
(1)考查上下文语义。第二段第一句说到了时间“during the winter of 1708-09”,可知大约是“三百多年前”。因此B选项符合题意。
(2)考查形容词辨析。initial“最初的”;final“最终的”;first“第一的”;last“最后的;最近的”。根据上下文可知这里表示“制作出了第一个温度计”。因此C选项符合题意。
(3)考查上下文语义。第二段说到“he used mercury instead of alcohol”,由此推测他支座的第一个温度计内部是酒精。因此A选项符合题意。
(4)考查名词辨析。scale“规模;刻度”;measurement“度量;尺寸”;point“要点;尖端”;degree“度数”。句意:但是如果没有记录温度的……时没有用的。因此A选项符合题意。
(5)考查固定搭配。表述“故事是这样讲的”时,常用“one story goes…”。因此D选项符合题意。
(6)考查上下文语义。上文提到了第一个温度计被制作出来,后续随着时间的迁移,温度计得以慢慢地完善。因此此处应指“五年后,他把温度计中的酒精换成水银……”。因此D选项符合题意。
(7)考查上下文语义。文章说的是温度计的发明。因此这里说就是thermometer“温度计”。因此A选项符合题意。
(8)考查语法知识。空格前是一个完整结构的语句,且还有逗号,这里考查的就是非限定性定语从句,根据主从句结构可知此处应选which作关系代词。因此B选项符合题意。
(9)考查词义辨析。enlarge“扩大”;add up“合计”;increase“增加;提高”;promote“促进”。根据空格后的词语accuracy“准确性”,可知与之相搭配额应为C选项。
(10)考查上下文语义。后半句说到了“a top point……”,可知此处应为相对的“lowest ”。因此B选项符合题意。
(11)考查上下文语义。上一句提到“the lowest point”和“the top point”,可知为“two points”。因此C选项符合题意。
(12)考查形容词辨析。continuous“连续的”;continuant“连续音的”;coherent“条理清楚的”;consistent“始终如一的”。句意:法伦海特就能够更精确、更……地记录温度。此处选用的词语应符合“精确”这一含义,因此D选项符合题意。
(13)考查副词辨析。eventually“最后”;accidentally“意外地”;surprisingly“令人惊讶地”;fortunately“幸运地”。句意:但是在1742年,一位竞争者挑战法伦海特的刻度,并且……将其取代。根据下文可知,原来的刻度被取代了,因此A选项符合题意。
(14)考查词组辨析。take over“接管”;turn over“移交”;bring over“把某人带回”;win over“说服;胜诉;把……争取过来”。句意:最后很多国家开始采用这种刻度。说明争取到了很多多家的认可。选项D符合题意。
(15)考查语法知识。wedded是形容词性,因此空格处缺少具有系动词。四个选项都与“保持”有关,但选项A、C和D都是实义动词,因此B选项符合题意。