Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the （1）claws of the big cats. They could not （2）with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws （3）an impressive “small-fire” weaponry. They could not even defend themselves （4）running swiftly like horse, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been （5）to failure and extinction. But they were （6）with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not （7）by any of their competitors.
In the search （8）the pickings of the forest, the ape-man had （9）efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color （10）the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range （11）the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far （12）he reach of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long distance sight was （13）another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the range of sight, so（14）they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not （15）. Climbing a hill would have helped, but in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men （16）the only possible solution. They reared up as high as （17）on their hind limbs and began to walk upright. This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-man became slower still. （18）they persevered and their bone structure gradually became （19）to the new, unstable position that （20）them the name Homo erectus, upright man.
问题1选项
A.big
B.weak
C.strong
D.small
问题2选项
A.match
B.compare
C.rival
D.equal
问题3选项
A.became
B.equipped
C.posed
D.provided
问题4选项
A.in
B.upon
C.by
D.with
问题5选项
A.driven
B.doomed
C.forced
D.led
问题6选项
A.bestowed
B.given
C.presented
D.endowed
问题7选项
A.managed
B.possessed
C.posed
D.opposed
问题8选项
A.for
B.of
C.on
D.at
问题9选项
A.progressed
B.generated
C.developed
D.advanced
问题10选项
A.which
B.as
C.what
D.that
问题11选项
A.urged
B.permitted
C.banned
D.caused
问题12选项
A.from
B.apart
C.beyond
D.above
问题13选项
A.rather
B.quite
C.much
D.really
问题14选项
A.anything
B.that
C.everything
D.all
问题15选项
A.available
B.enough
C.sufficient
D.convenient
问题16选项
A.chose
B.adopted
C.accepted
D.took
问题17选项
A.valuable
B.acceptable
C.possible
D.able
问题18选项
A.However
B.Therefore
C.Meanwhile
D.Subsequently
问题19选项
A.suited
B.familiarized
C.adapted
D.accustomed
问题20选项
A.obtained
B.called
C.deserved
D.earned
第1题:C
第2题:A
第3题:D
第4题:C
第5题:B
第6题:D
第7题:B
第8题:B
第9题:C
第10题:D
第11题:B
第12题:C
第13题:B
第14题:D
第15题:A
第16题:B
第17题:C
第18题:A
第19题:C
第20题:D
（1）考查前后逻辑。neither … nor…“既不··· ···也不··· ···”，两个词接后面接类似的词，neither后面接的是 powerful，所以nor后面应该接四个选项里的strong。选项C符合题意。
（2）考查动词词义辨析。match “使匹配，使相称”；compare “比较”；rival “与··· ···竞争”；equal “等于，比得上”。空格处所在句子的句意是：他们比不上狗熊，狗熊的力量、速度和爪子都能够提供很好的武器。选项A符合题意。
（3）考查动词词义辨析。 become “成为”；equip “装备；配备”；pose “摆姿势”；provide “提供”。空格处所在句子的句意参考第32题，选项D符合题意。
（4）考查介词词义辨析。空格处所在句子的句意是：他们甚至不能像马和斑马那样通过奔跑来保护自己。by “通过”，符合题意。
（5）考查动词词组辨析。be driven to “沉浸于”；be doomed to sth. “注定”；be forced to “被迫”；lead to “导致”。空格处所在句子的句意是：如果一个类人猿试图在野外与其他动物搏斗，他们注定失败并且灭绝。选项B符合题意。
（6）考查动词词义辨析。bestow “赠给”，常与on或upon搭配；give “给”，常与to搭配；present “赠予”，常与with搭配；endow“天生具有，赋予”，一般用被动式与with搭配。空格处所在句子的句意是：他们天生拥有其他任何竞争对手所不具有的某种巨大的隐蔽的优势。选项D符合题意。
（7）考查动词词义辨析。manage “成功做”；possess “占有”；pose“摆姿势”；oppose “反对”。空格处所在句子的句意参考第36题。选项B符合题意。
（8）考查固定搭配。in the search of 是固定搭配，“在寻找··· ···的过程中”。选项B符合题意。
（9）考查动词词义辨析。generate “生成，产生”；progress “进展，进步”；develop “形成，获得”；advance “前进，发展”。空格处所在句子的大意是在生存竞争中类人猿逐步形成了有效的、草地动物不具有的立体视觉和颜色辨色能力。选项C符合题意。
（10）考查定语从句。先行词是efficient stereoscopic vision and a sense of color，先行词有两个，所以只能用 that。选项D符合题意。
（11）考查动词词义辨析。urge “催促”；permit “允许”；ban “禁止”；cause “引起”。空格处前面 the ability to see clearly at close range “能够近距离看到目标的能力”这个能力为它们研究实际问题提供条件，即“允许”它们去研究实际问题。选项B符合题意。
（12）考查固定搭配。beyond the reach of “在··· ···范围之外”。选项C符合题意。
（13）考查副词词义辨析。quite是程度副词，可以用在限定词another前面，而另外三个副词则不可以。选项B符合题意。
（14）考查从句引导词。本句是由so引导的一个从句，句子缺少一个引导词，该引导词充当they had to do的宾语，all符合题意。
（15）考查形容词词义辨析。available “可得到的；可用的”；enough “足够的”；sufficient “充足的”；convenient意为“方便的”。空格处句子所在的句意是：然而，在空旷的野外，这种方法是行不通的。选项A符合题意。
（16）考查动词词义辨析。choose“选择，挑选”；adopt“采用；采纳”；accept“接受”；take“实施；采取”。空格处所在句子的句意是：类人猿采用了唯一可行的方法。选项B符合题意。
（17）考查形容词词义辨析。valuable “有价值的”；acceptable “可接受的，合意的”；possible“可能的”；able “能够的”。空格处所在句子的句意是：它们的后肢尽可能高地抬起，开始直立行走。选项C符合题意。
（18）考查前后逻辑。however“然而”；therefore“因此”；meanwhile“同时”；subsequently“随后”。空格处所在句子与前面的句子提到直立行走使得类人猿站不稳，并且跟其他动物相比本来速度就慢了，现在变得更慢了（It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-man became slower still）。空格处后面提到类人猿继续坚持并且使得骨头结构开始逐渐变化，可以看出前后存在转折关系，所以however符合题意。
（19）考查形容词词义辨析。be suited to sth. “适合··· ···的”；be accustomed to “习惯于”；be familiarized with“与··· ···相熟”；adapt to sth. “适应”。空格处所在句子的句意是：它们的骨骼渐渐适应了这种新的行走方式。选项C符合题意。
（20）考查动词词义辨析。obtain “获得”；call “叫”；deserve “值得”；earn “赚得，赢得”。空格处所在句子提到由于类人猿的骨骼逐渐适应了直立行走，因此赢得了“直立人”的称号。选项D符合题意。
