Toilet waters, colognes (科隆水) and perfumes all have pleasing aromas (香味). When purchasing them at a store, however, you will find that each of the three has a different price range. Their aromas are created by perfume oils. These can be very costly. Toilet water, which is the least expensive, contains about two percent perfume oil. Cologne, which is slightly more expensive, has three to five percent perfume oil. Perfume, containing from ten to twenty percent perfume oil, is the most expensive.
Perfume oils, also called “essential oils”, provide the special odors of perfumes. These oils come from the flowers, leaves, stems, roots, and seeds of plants. One of the most desirable essential oils comes from the jasmine. Attar is one of the most expensive oils. It is obtained from a unique rose. This special flower grows only in Bulgaria and Turkey.
Another ingredient of perfume is called a fixative—a substance that makes the aroma of the essential oils long-lasting. The best fixatives are quite expensive. This is because they can be obtained only from certain animals. Musk comes from the scent gland of the musk deer that lives in Asia. Castor comes from beavers, and civet is taken from civet cats. Ambergris, the rarest of fixatives, is a substance sometimes found in sperm whales.
The last two ingredients in perfumes, however, are not costly. Almost all perfumes contain synthetic substances that are obtained from coal tar or chemicals. All perfumes also contain alcohol, in which the other ingredients are dissolved. The greater the amount of synthetic materials and alcohol, the cheaper the perfume is to make.
Some perfumes, therefore can be very expensive, while others can cost less. The more expensive ones are used for cosmetics: lipsticks, powders, lotions, and of course, the fragrant liquid dabbed or sprayed on the body. The less expensive ones are used in industry. They are key ingredients in the making of paper, plastics, paint, and rubber products, which otherwise would have unpleasant odors.
26. Toilet waters, colognes and perfumes are different in prices because______.
27. The major ingredients of perfumes are______.
28. The best fixatives are very expensive because______.
29. The function of alcohol in perfumes is to______.
30. People use perfumes in paper-making in order to______.
问题1选项
A.they contain different percentage of perfume oil
B.their aromas are created by perfume oils
C.their perfume oils are very expensive
D.you buy them at different stores
问题2选项
A.perfume oils, essential oils, jasmine, attar
B.oils from the flowers, leaves, stems, roots and seeds of plants
C.perfume oils, fixative, synthetic substances and alcohol
D.musk, castor, civet, ambergris
问题3选项
A.animals are very expensive and rare
B.animals live in different areas
C.not every animal contains perfume
D.it is hard to get them
问题4选项
A.make other ingredients mixed with the liquid
B.make other ingredients disappear
C.fade away
D.make other ingredients become solid
问题5选项
A.reduce the cost
B.make the paper more attractive
C.get rid of the unpleasant smells
D.soften the paper
第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:C
第1题:
26.【选项释义】
Toilet waters, colognes and perfumes are different in prices because______. 花露水，科隆水和香水的价格是不同的，因为______。
A. they contain different percentage of perfume oil A. 它们含有不同比例的芳香油
B. their aromas are created by perfume oils B. 它们的香味是由芳香油产生的
C. their perfume oils are very expensive C. 它们的芳香油很贵
D. you buy them at different stores D. 你在不同的商店买它们
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】根据题干定位到第一段第二句，接着文章第一段第五句中提到：Toilet water, which is the least expensive, contains about two percent perfume oil. Cologne, which is slightly more expensive, has three to five percent perfume oil. Perfume, containing from ten to twenty percent perfume oil, is the most expensive.（最便宜的花露水含有百分之二的芳香油。科隆水稍微贵一点，有百分之三到五的芳香油。香水是最贵的，含有10%到20%的芳香油）可知A选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
B选项在第一段有提及，但与题干无关，属于出处错位。
C、D选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
27.【选项释义】
The major ingredients of perfumes are______. 香水的主要成分是______。
A. perfume oils, essential oils, jasmine, attar A. 芳香油、精油、茉莉、香油
B. oils from the flowers, leaves, stems, roots and seeds of plants B. 植物的花、叶、茎、根和种子的油
C. perfume oils, fixative, synthetic substances and alcohol C. 芳香油、固香剂、合成物质和酒精
D. musk, castor, civet, ambergris D. 麝香、蓖麻、麝香、龙涎香
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】由文章第一段中：Their aromas are created by perfume oils.（它们的芳香是由芳香油产生的）、第三段中：Another ingredient of perfume is called a fixative（香水的另一种成分叫做固香剂）和第四段中：Almost all perfumes contain synthetic substances that are obtained from coal tar or chemicals. All perfumes also contain alcohol（几乎所有的香水都含有从煤焦油或化学物质中提取的合成物质。所有的香水都含有酒精）可知香水的主要成分为芳香油（perfume oils）、固香剂（fixative）、合成物质（synthetic substances）和酒精（alcohol），因此选C。
【干扰项排除】
A选项中的芳香油和精油是一个东西，茉莉是精油的来源，属于曲解原文；
B选项提到的信息在文章中第二段提到，植物的花、叶、茎、根和种子是芳香油的成分而不是香水的成分，属于张冠李戴；
D选项提到的物质都是固香剂的一种，属于张冠李戴。
28.【选项释义】
The best fixatives are very expensive because______. 最好的固香剂是非常昂贵的，因为______。
A. animals are very expensive and rare A. 动物是非常昂贵和稀有的
B. animals live in different areas B. 动物生活在不同的地区
C. not every animal contains perfume C. 不是每一种动物都含有香水
D. it is hard to get them D. 难以获得
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】由文章第三段中的This is because they can be obtained only from certain animals.（这是因为它们只能从某些动物身上获得），所以不是每一种动物都含有香水，可知C选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项根据常识可知，并不是所有的动物都是昂贵和稀有的，属于偷换概念；
B选项提到的动物生活在不同的地区和固香剂是否昂贵无关，属于出处错位；
D选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
29.【选项释义】
The function of alcohol in perfumes is to______. 酒精在香水中的作用是______。
A. make other ingredients mixed with the liquid A. 将其他成分与液体混合
B. make other ingredients disappear B. 使其他成分消失
C. fade away C. 挥发
D. make other ingredients become solid D. 使其他成分变成固体
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】由文章倒数第二段中的All perfumes also contain alcohol, in which the other ingredients are dissolved.（所有的香水都含有酒精，其他成分都会溶解在其中）可知A选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
30.【选项释义】
People use perfumes in paper-making in order to______. 人们在造纸中使用香水是为了______。
A. reduce the cost A. 降低成本
B. make the paper more attractive B. 使纸张更具吸引力
C. get rid of the unpleasant smells C. 去除难闻的气味
D. soften the paper D. 软化纸张
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】The less expensive ones are used in industry. They are key ingredients in the making of paper, plastics, paint, and rubber products, which otherwise would have unpleasant odors.（较便宜的香水在工业上使用。它们是制造纸张、塑料、油漆和橡胶制品的关键原料，否则会产生难闻的气味）可知香水在造纸过程中是为了去除难闻的气味，故C选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
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