The first coins to appear in the Western world were issued by the Lydians and the Ionian Greeks in the eighth century B.C. These coins, which were made of electrum, a natural combination of gold and silver, were irregular in weight and quality and apparently of private issue. The pure gold and silver coins with related values which appeared during the reign of Croesus (560-546 B.C) provide the first undoubted evidence of standard coinage by state authority. The coins were not perfectly shaped, however, for they were struck with a hand-wielded hammer. The trend toward complete mathematical symmetry did not, in fact, begin until the coining press, invented by Leonardo da Vinci in the sixteenth century, was generally adopted in the middle of the seventeenth century.
One should not assume, however, that only machine-made coins are prized for their workmanship. The silver dekadrachm from Syracuse, struck about 413 B.C., is considered one of the finest Greek coins and is worth more than a thousand dollars today. An artistic masterpiece of a much later period is the silver taler minted in Ratisbon, southern Germany, in 1754.
The value of a coin is not primarily determined by its age, as many people seem to think. Many Greek and Roman coins that were issued in abundance can be purchased for a moderate price. On the other hand, a German coin made of shrapnel during the First World War is very rare and valuable. Among the especially rare United States coins are the 1804 silver dollar, the 1822 five-dollar gold piece, and the 1894 silver dime.
46. Which of the following statements may NOT be right about the coins made in Lydia during the reign of Croesus?
47. The authority specifically mentions all of the following specific features of the Syracuse
dekadrachm EXCEPT its ______.
48. The author makes it clear that the Syracusan dekadrachm and the German taler mentioned in the passage are ______.
49. Leonardo de Vinci is mentioned in the passage in connection with ______.
50. The author makes it clear that coins made by machine are ______.
问题1选项
A.They were issued by the government.
B.They were given standard values.
C.They were all of equal purity.
D.They were all alike in shape.
问题2选项
A.appearance
B.scarcity
C.value
D.age
问题3选项
A.handmade Western coins
B.worth about a thousand dollars each today
C.made out of different metals
D.noted for their craftsmanship
问题4选项
A.the first government issue of coins
B.the artistic aspect of coin making
C.coins issued in the sixteenth century
D.the production of uniform coins
问题5选项
A.usually of greater value than handmade coins
B.more uniform in size and shape than handmade coins
C.available in large quantities than handmade coins
D.generally superior in workmanship to handmade coins
第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:B
第1题:
46.【选项释义】
Which of the following statements may NOT be right about the coins made in Lydia during the reign of Croesus? 下列关于克罗伊斯统治时期在吕底亚制造的硬币的陈述哪一项可能是错误的？
A. They were issued by the government. A. 它们是由政府发行的。
B. They were given standard values. B. 它们被给予标准值。
C. They were all of equal purity. C. 它们的纯度都一样。
D. They were all alike in shape. D. 它们的外形都一样。
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】文章第一段提到：The pure gold and silver coins with related values which appeared during the reign of Croesus provide the first undoubted evidence of standard coinage by state authority.（克罗伊斯国王统治时期出现的具有相关价值的纯金和银币，为国家当局提供了第一个毫无疑问的标准铸币证据）可知A、B、C的选项正确，因此选D。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C在文章中都被提及，不符合题意，故排除。
47.【选项释义】
The authority specifically mentions all of the following specific features of the Syracuse dekadrachm EXCEPT its _____. 该权威特别提到了以下所有Syracuse dekadrachm的具体特点，但它的_____除外。
A. appearance A. 外观
B. scarcity B. 不足
C. value C. 价值
D. age D. 年代
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】文章第一段提到：The coins were not perfectly shaped, however, for they were struck with a hand-wielded hammer.（然而，这些硬币的形状并不完美，因为它们是用手握着的锤子敲打的）和第二段中提到的：The silver dekadrachm from Syracuse, struck about 413 B.C., is considered one of the finest Greek coins and is worth more than a thousand dollars today.（来自锡拉库扎的银质dekadrachm铸造于公元前413年，被认为是希腊最好的硬币之一，价值超过1000美元）可知文中提到了银币的不足、价值以及年龄，因此选A。
【干扰项排除】B、C、D在文章都被提及，不符合题意，故排除。
48.【选项释义】
The author makes it clear that the Syracusan dekadrachm and the German taler mentioned in the passage are _____. 作者明确指出文中提到的Syracusan dekadrachm以及German taler是_____。
A. handmade Western coins A. 手工制作的西方硬币
B. worth about a thousand dollars each today B. 今天每个价值约1000美元
C. made out of different metals C. 由不同的金属制成
D. noted for their craftsmanship D. 以工艺闻名
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】文章第二段句首One should not assume, however, that only machine-made coins are prized for their workmanship.（然而，人们不应该认为只有机器制造的硬币才因其工艺而受到重视。）紧接着以the Syracusan dekadrachm and the German taler举例：The silver dekadrachm from Syracuse, struck about 413 B.C., is considered one of the finest Greek coins and is worth more than a thousand dollars today. An artistic masterpiece of a much later period is the silver taler minted in Ratisbon, southern Germany, in 1754.（这枚来自锡拉库扎的银质dekadrachm大约在公元前413年铸造，被认为是最好的希腊硬币之一，今天价值超过1000美元。1754年，在德国南部的拉提邦铸造了一枚银质taler，这是很久以后的艺术杰作。）是为了说明这两枚硬币不是因为制造方式而闻名，而是他们的工艺，因此选D。
【干扰项排除】
A选项根据年代可知，德国的taler不是手工制造的，属于曲解原文；
B选项根据解析可知，价值1000美元的是dekadrachm，而taler价值多少没有说明，属于以偏概全；
C选项，根据前文可知，公元前8世纪的硬币是由不同的金属制成的，属于张冠李戴。
49.【选项释义】
Leonardo de Vinci is mentioned in the passage in connection with _____. 文章将_____与列奥纳多•达•芬奇联系在一起。
A. the first government issue of coins A. 第一次政府发行的硬币
B. the artistic aspect of coin making B. 铸造硬币的艺术层面
C. coins issued in the sixteenth century C. 16世纪发行的硬币
D. the production of uniform coins D. 生产统一的硬币
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】文章第一段提到：The trend toward complete mathematical symmetry did not, in fact, begin until the coining press, invented by Leonardo da Vinci in the sixteenth century（事实上，直到16世纪列奥纳多•达•芬奇发明的铸币机在17世纪中期被普遍采用后，完全数学对称的趋势才开始出现。）可知达芬奇是和完全对称的造币艺术联系在一起的，故B选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
50.【选项释义】
The author makes it clear that coins made by machine are _____. 作者明确指出，机器制造的硬币_____。
A. usually of greater value than handmade coins A. 通常比手工硬币更有价值
B. more uniform in size and shape than handmade coins B. 比手工硬币的大小和形状更统一
C. available in large quantities than handmade coins C. 比手工铸造的硬币更容易获得
D. generally superior in workmanship to handmade coins D. 工艺一般优于手工硬币
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】文章第一段提到：The coins were not perfectly shaped, however, for they were struck with a hand-wielded hammer.（然而，这些硬币的形状并不完美，因为它们是用手握着的锤子敲打的）可知以前手工制作的硬币在形状大小存在不足，机械制造出来的银币其形状大小是统一的，因此选B。
【干扰项排除】
A、D选项One should not assume, however, that only machine-made coins are prized for their workmanship.（然而，人们不应该认为只有机器制造的硬币才因其工艺而受到重视。）
The silver dekadrachm from Syracuse, struck about 413 B.C., is considered one of the finest Greek coins and is worth more than a thousand dollars today.（这枚来自锡拉库扎的银质dekadrachm大约在公元前413年铸造，被认为是最好的希腊硬币之一，今天价值超过1000美元。）可知机器制造的硬币不一定比手工制造的硬币有价值，也不一定工艺上要好，该两项属于曲解原文；
C选项在文中没有提及，属于无中生有。
第2题:
第3题:
第4题:
第5题:
