A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and them go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio”, birds of passage.
Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.
Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.
With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.
Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.
1.“Birds of passage” refers to those who （ ）.
2.It is implied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the U. S. （ ）.
3.According to the author, today’s birds of passage want （ ）.
4.The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated （ ）.
5.The most appropriate title for this text would be（ ）.
问题1选项
A.stay in a foreign country temporarily
B.leave their home countries for good
C.immigrate across the Atlantic
D.find permanent jobs overseas
问题2选项
A.needs new immigrant categories
B.has loosened control over immigrants
C.should be adapted to meet challenges
D.has been fixed via political means
问题3选项
A.financial incentives
B.a global recognition
C.the freedom to stay and leave
D.opportunities to get regular jobs
问题4选项
A.as faithful partners
B.with legal tolerance
C.with economic favors
D.as mighty rivals
问题5选项
A.Come and Go: Big Mistake.
B.Living and Thriving: Great Risk.
C.With or Without:Great Risk.
D.Legal or Illegal: Big Mistake.
第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:C
第4题:B
第5题:D
第1题:
【选项释义】
“Birds of passage” refers to those who_____. “候鸟”指的是那些_____的人。
A. stay in a foreign country temporarily A. 暂时待在异国
B. leave their home countries for good B. 永远离开自己的祖国
C. immigrate across the Atlantic C. 移民横渡大西洋
D. find permanent jobs overseas D. 在海外寻找长期工作
【考查点】词汇推断题
【解题思路】根据题干Birds of passage可定位到第一段第五句：They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio”, birds of passage. birds of passage是uccelli di passaggio的同位语，是They的昵称，根据本句的“They”进一步锁定上文第四句：About a quarter of all Italian immigrants...eventually returned to Italy for good.（约四分之一的意大利移民最终返回意大利再没回来。这些意大利人曾经移民但后来却永久返回自己的国家）A选项“暂时停留国外的人”正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项通过上处解析可知，属于反向干扰；
C选项在第一段第一句提及，但是题目问的是bird of passage，与第一句话涉及的移民无关，属于出处错误；
D选项，联系上下文和解析处，可知在海外寻求长期工作的是移民的一种，但被称为候鸟的一群移民是最终会回到祖国的，这里属于曲解原文。
第2题:
【选项释义】
It is implied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the U. S._____. 第2段暗示美国目前的移民制度_____。
A. needs new immigrant categories A. 需要新的移民类别
B. has loosened control over immigrants B. 放松了对移民的控制
C. should be adapted to meet challenges C. 应该适应迎接挑战
D. has been fixed via political means D. 通过政治手段解决
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】根据题干Paragraph 2和the current immigration system可定位到第二段。C选项与原文第四、五、六句信息吻合，正确。第四句中的broken“漏洞百出”和paralysis“瘫痪”明确表明作者对当前移民制度的批评，第五和六句中又接连使用we need to change...和We need to look beyond... 表达作者对当前移民体制做出改变的呼吁，所以C选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项与第二段第五句We don’t need more categories, but...（我们不需要更多的类别，我们需要的是……）语义相反，属于反向干扰；
B选项与第二段第一句Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants.（今天，我们对移民更加严格）语义相反，属于反向干扰；
D选项与第四句That framework has contributed mightily to...the long political paralysis over how to fix it.（这一思维模式在很大程度上让政府长期以来对其修正无能为力）语义相反，属于反向干扰。
第3题:
【选项释义】
According to the author, today’s birds of passage want______. 根据作者的说法，如今的候鸟想要____.
A. financial incentives A. 财政激励措施
B. a global recognition B. 一个全球的认可
C. the freedom to stay and leave C. 留下和离开的自由
D. opportunities to get regular jobs D. 获得固定工作的机会
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】根据题干today’s birds of passage与want可定位到第三段第三句：They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them.（他们更喜欢随机会而来，随机会而去。）today’s birds of passage=They, want=prefer to, to stay and leave=to come and go。C选项“the freedom to stay and leave ‘往返自由’”信息相符，正确。
【干扰项排除】
A、B、D选项在原文没有提及，属于无中生有。
第4题:
【选项释义】
The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated______. 作者建议今天的候鸟应该______被对待。
A. as faithful partners A. 作为忠实的合作伙伴
B. with legal tolerance B. 以法律宽容
C. with economic favors C. 以经济支持
D. as mighty rivals D. 作为强大的竞争对手
【考查点】观点态度题
【解题思路】根据题干the birds of passage today should be treated可定位到第五段的第二句后半部分：...managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.（对待如今的移民需要多种途径和多样化的结果，包括现有制度下法律难以达成的方式和成果。）manage和题干中的treat属于同义替换，此句暗示要对移民“更加宽容”，甚至不惜在法律方面放宽要求，所以B项“在法律上宽容”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A、C、D选项在原文没有提及，属于无中生有。
第5题:
【选项释义】
The most appropriate title for this text would be_____. 本文最合适的标题是_____。
A. Come and Go: Big Mistake A. 来去匆匆：大错误
B. Living and Thriving: Great Risk B. 生存和繁荣：巨大的风险
C. With or Without: Great Risk C. 有或没有：巨大的风险
D. Legal or Illegal: Big Mistake D. 合法还是非法：大错误
【考查点】主旨大意题
【解题思路】第一段回顾历史，为下文铺垫，旨在引出文章主题。第二段第五和第六句明确导出作者观点，即文章主题：We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal.（我们不需要更多的类别，我们需要的是改变对现有类别的认识。我们需要突破对合法与非法的严格定义。）这两句话中的don’t need、need to change和look beyond明确表明作者对当前移民“合法与不合法”的严格分类持批评态度，所以D选项“合法还是非法：大错特错”正确。
【干扰项排除】
A、B、C不能通过文章信息推理出来。
