What is the importance of the Afro-American history to all Americans? How could Afro-Americans contribute anything to American history when they were just slaves and servants? This is the image which many of us are taught when we go to school. This is the image many Afro-Americans have of themselves also. The Afro-Americans need to remake their real historical image so that it is known and accepted in its truthfulness by themselves and the rest of the world. Men and women of darker color are human beings entitled to respect and acceptance in history.
When we think of famous scientists and inventors we immediately think of men such as Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison and Jonas E. Salk. This is because we associate famous people with the Anglo-Saxon race. But what about the Afro-American inventors and scientists? How many men during World War I owed their lives to Garrett Morgan who invented the gas mask? Garrett Morgan also invented the traffic light which saves numerous lives on our streets. Daniel Hale Williams was the first successful heart surgeon. Charles Drew saved hundreds of thousands of lives during World War II by his discovery of the ways and means of preserving blood plasma. These men and others, should be as easily recognized as Bell, Edison and Salk.
America is made up of many different blends of cultures. These many cultures have come to enrich and diversify the American way of life. We should not think, because history has neglected to include the background of a particular culture, that these people have an inferior history. We should search for the truth and set the record straight against the slanders, the stereotyping and false images which have identified these people. We should understand each of the cultures and learn of their specific contribution to American’s life story.
51. This passage talks about all the following themes EXCEPT that ______.
52. According to the author, the Afro-Americans ______.
53. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph?
54. Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea of the third paragraph?
55. The main purpose of the author in writing the essay is ______.
问题1选项
A.the image of the Afro-Americans has changed in American history
B.there are many Afro-Americans who are famous as scientists and inventors
C.Afro-American history must be recognized as an important part of American history
D.many cultures have contributed to American history
问题2选项
A.are well aware of their real historical image in American history
B.should make their real historical image known to themselves and the rest of the world
C.have made the world accept their real historical image in its truthfulness
D.have come to know that their image in American history is very important
问题3选项
A.Black people who have contributed to the American society deserve equal recognition with their white countrymen.
B.We should not associate famous people with the Anglo-Saxon race only.
C.Some black people are well known as scientists and inventors.
D.Black people play as important a role in science as the Anglo-Saxon people do.
问题4选项
A.Some cultures have been completely neglected in American history.
B.We should oppose slander and stereotyping.
C.The American way of life is rich because it is made of many cultures.
D.Many cultures in America have an inferior history.
问题5选项
A.to discuss the importance of the Afro-American contributions in
B.to illustrate that the Afro-American history is important to the American nation
C.to call on the Afro-Americans to change their image in American history
D.to criticize those who have neglected the Afro-American history
第1题:A
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:C
第5题:B
第1题:
【选项释义】
This passage talks about all the following themes EXCEPT that ______. 这篇文章讨论了除了______以外的所有主题。
A. the image of the Afro-Americans has changed in American history A. 非裔美国人的形象在美国历史上发生了改变
B. there are many Afro-Americans who are famous as scientists and inventors B. 有许多非裔美国人是著名的科学家和发明家
C. Afro-American history must be recognized as an important part of American history C. 必须承认美国黑人历史是美国历史的重要组成部分
D. many cultures have contributed to American history D. 许多文化都对美国历史做出了贡献
【考查点】细节事实题。
【解题思路】由第一段第二、三句“当美国黑人还只是奴隶和仆人的时候，他们怎么能对美国历史做出任何贡献呢？这是我们许多人上学时被教导的形象。”，以及第五句“非裔美国人需要重塑他们真实的历史形象，使其真实地为他们自己和世界所认识和接受”可知，非裔美国人的历史形象并没有发生改变，所以A项“非裔美国人的形象在美国历史上发生了改变”没有在原文提到，但符合题意，故该题选择A项。
【干扰项排除】
B项“有许多非裔美国人是著名的科学家和发明家”，第二段列举了很多黑人科学家和发明家的贡献，所以该项在原文有提到，属于反向干扰；
C项“必须承认美国黑人历史是美国历史的重要组成部分”和D项“许多文化都对美国历史做出了贡献”，由第三段前半部分的内容“美国是由许多不同的文化混合而成的。这些多种多样的文化使美国人的生活方式变得丰富多彩。我们不应该因为历史忽视了一种特定文化的背景，就认为这些人的历史是劣等的。”可知，这两项也在原文有被讨论到，这两项属于反向干扰。
第2题:
【选项释义】
According to the author, the Afro-Americans ______. 根据作者的说法，美国黑人______。
A. are well aware of their real historical image in American history A. 非常清楚自己在美国历史上的真实历史形象
B. should make their real historical image known to themselves and the rest of the world B. 应该让他们自己和世界知道他们真实的历史形象
C. have made the world accept their real historical image in its truthfulness C. 已经让世界真实地接受了他们真实的历史形象
D. have come to know that their image in American history is very important D. 在美国历史上的形象是非常重要的
【考查点】细节事实题。
【解题思路】根据第一段第五句“非裔美国人需要重塑他们真实的历史形象，使其真实地为他们自己和世界所认识和接受”可知，作者认为美国黑人应该让世界知道他们真实的历史形象，该题选择B项“应该让他们自己和世界知道他们真实的历史形象”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A项“非常清楚自己在美国历史上的真实历史形象”，由原文说到的“……使其真实地为他们自己和世界所认识和接受”可知，美国黑人并没有认识到自己真实的历史形象，该项属于反向干扰；
C项“已经让世界真实地接受了他们真实的历史形象”，由解题思路可知，世界还不知道美国黑人真正的历史形象，该项属于反向干扰；
D项“在美国历史上的形象是非常重要的”没有提到，该项属于无中生有。
第3题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph? 下列哪一项陈述在第二段中没有提到？
A. Black people who have contributed to the American society deserve equal recognition with their white countrymen. A. 对美国社会做出贡献的黑人应该得到与白人同胞同等的认可。
B. We should not associate famous people with the Anglo-Saxon race only. B. 我们不应该只把名人和盎格鲁撒克逊种族联系在一起。
C. Some black people are well known as scientists and inventors. C. 一些黑人以科学家和发明家而闻名。
D. Black people play as important a role in science as the Anglo-Saxon people do. D. 黑人在科学中扮演着和盎格鲁撒克逊人一样重要的角色。
【考查点】细节事实题。
【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段，该段开头指出当我们想到著名的科学家和发明家时，首先想到的是白人，因为我们把名人和盎格鲁撒克逊种族联系在一起，接着用非裔美国发明家和科学家们所做出的发明来反驳这一观点，最后指出“这些人和其他人，应该像贝尔、爱迪生和索尔克一样容易被认出来”，也就是说对美国做出贡献的黑人科学家和发明家们应该得到和白人一样的认同，因为他们同样在科学中扮演了重要的角色，唯独C项“一些黑人以科学家和发明家而闻名”在原文没有提到，故该题选择C项。
【干扰项排除】A项“对美国社会做出贡献的黑人应该得到与白人同胞同等的认可”、B项“我们不应该只把名人和盎格鲁撒克逊种族联系在一起”和D项“黑人在科学中扮演着和盎格鲁撒克逊人一样重要的角色”在第二段都有提到，这三项属于反向干扰。
第4题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea of the third paragraph? 下面哪一个句子最好地表达了第三段的主要思想？
A. Some cultures have been completely neglected in American history. A. 有些文化在美国历史上被完全忽视了。
B. We should oppose slander and stereotyping. B. 我们要反对诽谤和成见。
C. The American way of life is rich because it is made of many cultures. C. 美国人的生活方式丰富多彩，因为它是由多种文化构成的。
D. Many cultures in America have an inferior history. D. 美国的许多文化都有着劣等的历史。
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】首先定位至第三段，首句是该段落的中心句，它指出“美国是由许多不同的文化混合而成的”，而正是这些文化使美国人的生活方式变得丰富多彩，随即呼吁我们应该要了解每一种文化，以及它们对美国人生活的具体贡献；所以C项“美国人的生活方式丰富多彩，因为它是由多种文化构成的”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A项“有些文化在美国历史上被完全忽视了”和B项“我们要反对诽谤和成见”表述太片面，这两项属于以偏概全；
D项“美国的许多文化都有着劣等的历史”，由该段第三句“我们不应该因为历史忽视了一种特定文化的背景，就认为这些人的历史是劣等的”可知，此处表达的是不应该把黑人的历史视作劣等的，该项与原文相反，属于反向干扰。
第5题:
【选项释义】
The main purpose of the author in writing the essay is ______. 作者写这篇文章的主要目的是______。
A. to discuss the importance of the Afro-American contributions in A. 讨论美国黑人贡献的重要性
B. to illustrate that the Afro-American history is important to the American nation B. 说明美国黑人历史对美国国家的重要性
C. to call on the Afro-Americans to change their image in American history C. 呼吁美国黑人改变他们在美国历史上的形象
D. to criticize those who have neglected the Afro-American history D. 批评那些忽视美国黑人历史的人
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】首先，文章开头连续用了两个问句“美国黑人历史对所有美国人的重要性是什么？当美国黑人还只是奴隶和仆人的时候，他们怎么能对美国历史做出任何贡献呢？”引出了本文的话题，即美国黑人历史，然后指出非裔美国人需要重塑他们真实的历史形象；接着第二段举例了很多黑人科学家和发明家做出的贡献，最后第三段重新强调美国是因为不同的文化混合在一起才使得美国人的生活方式丰富多彩。综上所述，我们可以得知这篇文章的目的是要说明美国黑人历史对美国的重要性，该题选择B项“说明美国黑人历史对美国国家的重要性”符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A项“讨论美国黑人贡献的重要性”和C项“呼吁美国黑人改变他们在美国历史上的形象”是第二段和第三段的内容，表述片面，这两项属于以偏概全；
D项“批评那些忽视美国黑人历史的人”在原文中没有提到，该项属于无中生有。
