Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.
The report, to be released on Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition(营养不良)and heat-related health problems.
But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk who questioned its methods and conclusions.
Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would have doubled by 2030.
Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum’s report was “a methodological embarrassment” because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable(易受伤害的) regions. Dr.Pielke said that-climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention. But the report, he said, “will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply awed(有瑕疵的)”.
However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.
In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.
1. What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?
2. What do we learn about the Forum’s report from the passage?
3. What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum’s report?
4. What is Soren Andreasen’s view of the report?
5. What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?
问题1选项
A.Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.
B.Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming.
C.Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.
D.Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.
问题2选项
A.It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.
B.It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles.
C.It was warmly received by environmentalists.
D.It caused a big stir in developing countries.
问题3选项
A.Its statistics look embarrassing.
B.It is invalid in terms of methodology.
C.It deserves our closest attention.
D.Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated.
问题4选项
A.Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.
B.It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined.
C.It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference.
D.Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.
问题5选项
A.How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming.
B.How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced.
C.How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale.
D.How rich countries can help poor regions reduce climate hazards.
第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:D
第1题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
全球人道主义论坛的发现是什么？
A. 全球气温影响经济发展速度。
B. 由于全球变暖，疾病死亡率上升。
C. 营养不良在贫穷国家造成严重的健康问题。
D. 经济趋势与人口和自然灾害有关。
【解题思路】根据第一段前半句“Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum…”和第二段第二句“It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition(营养不良)and heat-related health problems.”可知，由人类的影响造成的全球变暖提高了全球疾病死亡率。故本题选B。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均与原文不符。
第2题:
【原文考查】事实细节题
【选项释义】
我们从这篇文章中了解到论坛报告的哪些内容？
A. 它受到一些来自气候和风险专家的挑战。
B. 它引起了科学界的极大兴趣。
C. 受到环保人士的热烈欢迎。
D. 它在发展中国家引起了轰动。
【解题思路】根据第三段“But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk who questioned its methods and conclusions.”可知，论坛的报告引来了一些气候和风险专家的批判和质疑。故本题选A。
【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均与原文不符。
第3题:
【原文考查】推理判断题
【选项释义】
Pielke 博士对论坛的报告有何看法？
A. 它的统计数据看起来令人尴尬。
B. 在方法论上是无效的。
C. 它值得我们密切关注。
D. 其结论被故意夸大。
【解题思路】根据第五段第一句“Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum’s report was ‘a methodological embarrassment’…”可知，Pielke表示这份论坛报告的研究方法令人尴尬。由此可知，该研究方法站不住脚，即是无效的。故本题选B。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不正确。
第4题:
【原文考查】推理判断题
【选项释义】
Soren Andreasen 对这份报告有何看法？
A. 它的结论是基于仔细收集的数据。
B. 如果仔细检查统计数据，它很容易受到批评。
C. 在哥本哈根会议上引起热烈讨论。
D. 它粗略估计是为了引起世界领导人的注意。
【解题思路】根据第六段“However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.”可知，Andreason认为报告中粗略估计的数字是为了引起世界领导人的注意。故本题选D。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合题意。
第5题:
【原文考查】推理判断题
【选项释义】
科菲•安南说什么应该是哥本哈根会议的重点？
A. 贫富地区如何分担遏制全球变暖的责任。
B. 如何减少气候变化造成的人员和经济损失。
C. 如何在全球范围内减少吸热气体的排放。
D. 富裕国家如何帮助贫困地区减少气候危害。
【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句“In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases.”可知，Kofi说哥本哈根会议的焦点应是富有国家如何帮助贫困地区减少气候灾害。故本题选D。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合原文。
