Very often, the human eye and brain can recognize familiar configurations even if all but a few significant data points are left out. It is this creative power of perception that may someday allow profoundly deaf people to converse in sign language over a special “telephone”. Researchers have found that thirteen spots of light on each hand and one spot on the nose—to show head motion and provide a reference point for hand position—are sufficient for intelligibly rendering of American Sign Language. The bright spots are produced by attaching pieces of reflective tape to the nose, fingertips, wrists, and backs of the second knuckles and adjusting a closed-circuit television system so that only the bright spots appear on the screen of the receiver. After a few minutes of familiarization, pairs of deaf people are able to converse freely over television. Deaf people and other sign readers can, of course, understand sign language and written subtitles on commercial television. But widespread link-ups of television systems for personal communications are economically impossible because a standard picture requires about one thousand times more information than a telephone circuit can carry. The researchers think it likely that the simplified picture of twenty seven moving dots used in their experiments can be reduced to the capacity of a telephone line.
1. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?
2. According to the passage, the person viewing the closed-circuit screen sees __________.
3. What causes the bright spots mentioned in the passage?
4. It can be inferred from the passage that some television broadcasts already include which of the following?
5. How many spots of light will be used in the new communications system?
问题1选项
A.A New Application of Commercial Television.
B.A Telephone for Deaf People.
C.Capabilities of the Human Eyes and Brain.
D.The Advantages of Sign Language.
问题2选项
A.bright dots
B.two hands and a face
C.the person using sign language
D.a written message
问题3选项
A.Special movable points.
B.Special tape.
C.Small light bulbs.
D.Small mirrors.
问题4选项
A.Advertising for the new products.
B.Instruction in how to communicate in sign language.
C.Programs subtitled for deaf people.
D.Personal conversations with deaf people.
问题5选项
A.1.
B.13.
C.14.
D.27.
第1题:C
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:C
第5题:D
第1题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage? 下面哪个是最合适这篇文章的标题?
A. A New Application of Commercial Television. A. 商业电视的新应用。
B. A Telephone for Deaf People. B. 给聋人使用的电话。
C. Capabilities of the Human Eyes and Brain. C. 人类的眼睛和大脑的能力。
D. The Advantages of Sign Language. D. 手语的优势。
【答案】C
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】文章第一句点出人类的眼睛和大脑具有的识别能力(human eye and brain can recognize),随后说到失聪的人运用这个能力交流,以此对第一句进行论证。因此C选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“商业电视的新应用”,B选项“给聋人使用的电话”和D选项“手语的优势”:文中有提到商业电视、聋人和手语,但提到这些不是为了说明这些内容,只是为了说明人类眼睛和大脑的能力,属于曲解原文。
第2题:
【选项释义】
According to the passage, the person viewing the closed-circuit screen sees ________. 根据文章,观看闭路屏幕的人看到的是________。
A. bright dots A. 亮点
B. two hands and a face B. 两只手和一张脸
C. the person using sign language C. 使用手语的人
D. a written message D. 书面信息
【答案】A
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词closed-circuit screen定位到文章第四句,该处讲到“调整闭路电视系统(closed-circuit television system),使接收机的屏幕上只出现亮点(bright spots appear on the screen)。”,可知看到的是亮点。因此A选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“两只手和一张脸”,C选项“使用手语的人”和D选项“书面信息”:不符合文章内容,属于曲解原文。
第3题:
【选项释义】
What causes the bright spots mentioned in the passage? 文章中提到的亮点是什么造成的?
A. Special movable points. A. 特殊的移动点。
B. Special tape. B. 特殊的胶带。
C. Small light bulbs. C. 小灯泡。
D. Small mirrors. D. 小镜子。
【答案】B
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词causes the bright spots定位到文章第四句,该处讲到“在鼻子、指尖、手腕和第二个指关节的背部贴上反光带,就会产生亮点(The bright spots are produced by attaching pieces of reflective tape)。”,可知让亮点出现的是特殊的胶带,因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“特殊的移动点”,C选项“小灯泡”和D选项“小镜子”:这里没有提到,属于无中生有。
第4题:
【选项释义】
It can be inferred from the passage that some television broadcasts already include which of the following? 从文章中可以推断,一些电视广播已经有下列哪项?
A. Advertising for the new products. A. 新产品的广告。
B. Instruction in how to communicate in sign language. B. 用手语交流的指导。
C. Programs subtitled for deaf people. C. 为聋人提供字幕的节目。
D. Personal conversations with deaf people. D. 聋人之间的私人对话。
【答案】C
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词television broadcasts定位到文章倒数第三句,该处讲到“当然,聋人(Deaf people)和其他手语读者(sign readers)可以理解商业电视上的手语(sign language)和字幕(written subtitles on commercial television)。”,可知电视上已经有为聋人提供字幕的节目。因此C选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“新产品的广告”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有;
B选项“用手语交流的指导”:根据解题思路,这里指的是手语读者可以理解电视上的手语,而不是说电视节目教人怎样用手语交流,属于偷换概念;
D选项“聋人之间的私人对话”:对应文章倒数第四句“经过几分钟的熟悉之后,一对聋人就可以通过电视自由交谈了(converse freely over television)。”,这里指的是聋人可以通过闭路电视系统交流,而不是说观众可以看到电视上播放聋人的私人对话,属于偷换概念。
第5题:
【选项释义】
How many spots of light will be used in the new communications system? 新通信系统将使用多少个亮点?
A. 1. A. 1个。
B. 13. B. 13个。
C. 14. C. 14个。
D. 27. D. 27个。
【答案】D
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词new communications system定位到文章最后两句,该处讲到“研究人员认为,在他们的实验中使用的27个移动点(twenty seven moving dots)的简化图像,可能可以简化为电话通讯的容量。”,这里在实验中使用亮点个数就是之后新系统会使用的,所以是27个亮点。因此D选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“1个”,B选项“13个”和C选项“14个”:不符合文章内容,属于曲解原文。
【文章来源】《纽约时报》(The New York Times)1981
【参考译文】
通常情况下,人类的眼睛和大脑可以识别熟悉的结构,即使除了一些重要的数据点外,其他的都被忽略了。正是这种创造性的感知能力,可能有一天会让严重失聪的人通过一种特殊的“电话”用手语交谈。研究人员发现,每只手上有13个光点,鼻子上有一个光点——用来显示头部的运动,并为手的位置提供一个参考点——足以清晰地呈现美国手语。在鼻子、指尖、手腕和第二个指关节的背部贴上反光胶带,调整闭路电视系统,使只有亮点出现在接收器的屏幕上,就会产生亮点。经过几分钟的熟悉后,一对聋人就能通过电视自由交谈了。聋人和其他手语阅读者当然可以理解手语和商业电视上的字幕。但是,将电视系统广泛连接起来用于个人通信在经济上是不可能的,因为一张标准的图片所需要的信息大约是电话线路所能承载的1000倍。研究人员认为,在他们的实验中使用的27个移动点的简化图很可能被减少到电话线的容量。