How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when we in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.
Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not only apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy’s hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.
What causes fashion to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats for example. In cold climate, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats. More American men have followed his example.
There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Two, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter until the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years, skirts became longer again. Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy” look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashions of the top fashion houses. At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater, and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a nightclub. However, you need never feel depressed if you don’t look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and you’ll see that no one else does either.
1. Fashion magazine and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to __________.
2. Kennedy’s example is used to illustrate __________.
3. Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes __________.
4. The popularity of jeans and untidy look is possibly due to that they __________.
5. What does the author most probably do with the latest fashion?
问题1选项
A.confidence in life
B.social relationship
C.success in career
D.personal future
问题2选项
A.the change in fashion
B.the diverse causes of fashion
C.the celebrities’ influence on economy
D.the application of fashion to more than dress
问题3选项
A.practicality
B.efficiency
C.informality
D.individuality
问题4选项
A.highlight one’s personality
B.are suitable for various social situations
C.have the advantages of being convenient and practical
D.are not as expensive as clothing produced by top fashion houses
问题5选项
A.The author may be brave enough to ignore the latest fashion.
B.The author may follow the latest fashion most faithfully.
C.The author may take jeans and untidy look as the latest fashion.
D.The author may find the latest fashion increasingly expensive.
第1题:A
第2题:B
第3题:D
第4题:D
第5题:A
第1题:
【选项释义】
Fashion magazine and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to __________. 时尚杂志和电视广告似乎把时尚和__________联系在一起。
A. confidence in life A. 对生活的信心
B. social relationship B. 社交关系
C. success in career C. 事业的成功
D. personal future D. 个人的未来
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词magazines and TV advertisements定位到第二段第一、二句，该处讲到 “大多数时尚杂志或电视广告试图说服我们，我们应该以某种方式穿着（dress in a certain way）……如果我们这样做，我们将能够自信地认识新的人（meet new people with confidence），自信地处理每一个情况（deal with every situation confidently），而不尴尬。”可知时尚杂志和电视广告把时尚和信心联系在一起，因此A选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“社交关系”：根据解题思路，可知这里说认识新的人和自信地处理事情是为了表达对生活充满信心，而不是真的会影响到社交关系，属于偷换概念；
C选项“事业的成功”和D选项“个人的未来”：文章没有提到其中的联系，属于无中生有。
第2题:
【选项释义】
Kennedy’s example is used to illustrate __________. 肯尼迪的例子是用来说明__________。
A. the change in fashion A. 时尚的变化
B. the diverse causes of fashion B. 时尚现象的各种原因
C. the celebrities’ influence on economy C. 名人对经济的影响
D. the application of fashion to more than dress D. 时尚在服装之外的应用
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词Kennedy定位到第三段，该处讲到 “时尚改变的原因是什么（What causes fashion to change）？有时，便利或实际的需要，或仅仅是一个有影响力的人的喜好（the fancy of an influential person），都可以建立一种时尚。以帽子为例。已故总统肯尼迪因不戴帽子而使美国帽子行业陷入萧条（Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats）。”这一段的第一句是本段的主题句，后面肯尼迪的例子是为了解释时尚改变的原因。因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“时尚的变化”：根据解题思路，可知这一段没有讲到时尚的变化，第四段讲到时尚的变化，属于出处错位；
C选项“名人对经济的影响”：这里例子可以反映名人对经济的影响，但不是举出这个例子的直接目的，属于曲解原文；
D选项“时尚在服装之外的应用”：这里不是在讲时尚在服装之外可以怎样应用，属于曲解原文。
第3题:
【选项释义】
Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes __________. 当今社会氛围更加自由和轻松，因为它强调__________。
A. practicality A. 实用性
B. efficiency B. 效率
C. informality C. 不拘礼节
D. individuality D. 个性
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词freer and easier定位到第四段第六、七、八句，该处讲到 “今天，社会氛围比过去更自由、更轻松。”结合该段倒数第二、三句，该处讲到”不再有必要穿得和别人一样了（no longer necessary to dress like everyone else）。在合理的范围内，你可以穿你喜欢的衣服（dress as you like），或者做你喜欢的发型（do your hair the way you like），而不是因为时尚做你应该做的发型。”可知其原因是现在社会强调喜爱和偏好，也就是个性，因此D选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“实用性”，B选项“效率”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有；
C选项“不拘礼节”：如今没有强调礼节的层面，礼节不是重点，属于偷换概念。
第4题:
【选项释义】
The popularity of jeans and untidy look is possibly due to that they __________. 牛仔裤和邋遢的流行可能是因为他们__________。
A. highlight one’s personality A. 突出某人的个性
B. are suitable for various social situations B. 适合各种社会场合
C. have the advantages of being convenient and practical C. 有方便和实用的优点
D. are not as expensive as clothing produced by top fashion houses D. 没有顶级时装公司生产的服装那么贵
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词jeans and untidy look定位到第四段倒数第五句，该处讲到 “牛仔裤和‘不整洁’装扮的流行似乎是对顶级时装公司日益昂贵的时尚的一种反应（reaction against the increasingly expensive fashions）。”穿牛仔裤和不注重所谓的衣冠整洁是因为顶级服装品牌的服装很贵，而这些衣服没有那么贵。因此D选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“突出某人的个性”：这里没有要突出个性的意思，属于曲解原文；
B选项“适合各种社会场合”：对应第四段倒数第四句“外表在某些情况下（in certain circumstances）仍然很重要，进而我们必须仔细挑选我们的衣服。”穿衣服也要看场合，牛仔裤不适合所有场合，属于反向干扰；
C选项“有方便和实用的优点”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有。
第5题:
【选项释义】
What does the author most probably do with the latest fashion? 作者最可能怎样对待最新的时尚？
A. The author may be brave enough to ignore the latest fashion. A. 作者可能有足够的勇气忽略最新的时尚。
B. The author may follow the latest fashion most faithfully. B. 作者或许非常忠实地追随最新的时尚。
C. The author may take jeans and untidy look as the latest fashion. C. 作者可能会把牛仔裤和邋遢的样子作为最新的时尚。
D. The author may find the latest fashion increasingly expensive. D. 作者可能会发现最新的时尚越来越贵。
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词latest fashion定位到文章最后两句，该处讲到 “如果你看起来跟最新的时尚照片不一样（don’t look like the latest fashion photo），你不必感到沮丧（need never feel depressed）。看看你的周围，你会发现其他人也没有这样做（no one else does either）。”可知作者不在意自己是否跟随时尚趋势，会在自己的生活中忽视时尚。因此A选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
B选项“作者或许非常忠实地追随最新的时尚”：根据解题思路，可知作者不在意新时尚，属于反向干扰；
C选项“作者可能会把牛仔裤和邋遢的样子作为最新的时尚”和D选项“作者可能会发现最新的时尚越来越贵”：对应第四段倒数第五句“牛仔裤和‘不整洁’装扮的流行似乎是对顶级时装公司日益昂贵的时尚的一种反对（reaction against the increasingly expensive fashions）。”这里只是作者对穿着休闲这个现象的描述，没有表达自己的观点，也没有表达新的时尚会越来越贵的意思，属于曲解原文。
