When Louis Braille was three years old, he became blind in both eyes as the result of an accident in his father’s harness shop. His father, determined that Louis should not suffer the usual fate of blind persons at that time and become a beggar, kept him in the village school until he was ten and then entered him in the Institution des Jeunes Aveugles in Paris. Louis learned to read from the three books engraved in large raised letters in the Institution library, did exceptionally well both in academic work and at the piano and organ, and was soon helping to teach the younger children.
In 1819, the same year that Louis entered the Institution, Charles Barbier, an army captain, reported to the Academy of Sciences on a system of raised dots and dashes which enabled soldiers to read messages in the dark. Later Barbier brought his invention to the Institution. After experimenting with it, young Braille produced a writing system using only dots, from which he generally devised 63 separate combinations representing the letters in the French alphabet (at the request of an Englishman, he later added “w”), accents, punctuation marks, and mathematical signs. Although government bureaucracy prevented immediate official adoption, his system was used at the Institution as long as the director, Dr. Pignier, was in office. Pignier’s successor insisted on returning to the officially approved former system, but students continued to use Braille’s method secretly. Eventually, its superiority was established and it was adopted throughout France.
1. Louis Braille’s father most likely kept his son at home until the age of ten because he __________.
2. Louis Braille did all of the following things except __________.
3. Charles Barbier originally devised his writing system for __________.
4. We can assure that all of the following items were represented in Louis Braille’s original system except __________.
5. The Institution was not able to adopt Braille’s method officially for some time because __________.
问题1选项
A.wanted Louis to help him in the harness shop
B.wasn’t convinced that it was worthwhile to educate Louis
C.wanted Louis to remain with the family as long as possible
D.did not want Louis to associate with other blind people
问题2选项
A.teaching young children at the Institution
B.developing a reading system for the blind
C.learning to play musical instruments well
D.encouraging students to use his method secretly
问题3选项
A.blind children
B.the Academy of Sciences
C.military personnel
D.the French government
问题4选项
A.the number 1
B.accent marks
C.periods and commas
D.the letter w
问题5选项
A.the students preferred the former method
B.the government was slow to approve it
C.Dr. Pignier’s successor disliked the Braille’s method
D.the large library collection would then have been useless
第1题:D
第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:B
第1题:
【选项释义】
Louis Braille’s father most likely kept his son at home until the age of ten because he __________. 路易斯•布莱叶的父亲让他的儿子在家里待到十岁，很可能是因为他__________。
A. wanted Louis to help him in the harness shop A. 想让路易斯在马具店帮他
B. wasn’t convinced that it was worthwhile to educate Louis B. 不相信路易斯值得受教育
C. wanted Louis to remain with the family as long as possible C. 想让路易斯尽可能长时间地和家人在一起
D. did not want Louis to associate with other blind people D. 不想让路易斯与其他盲人为伍
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词the age of ten定位到第一段第二句，该处讲到 “他的父亲决定不让路易斯像当时的盲人那样去乞讨（Louis should not suffer the usual fate of blind persons），于是让他在乡村学院读书，直到他十岁，然后让他进了巴黎的学院。”可知路易斯的父亲不想让他和盲人一样，所以让他在乡村学院读书。因此D选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“想让路易斯在马具店帮他”：他的父亲没有让他在马具店帮忙，而是让他读书，不符合文章内容，属于曲解原文；
B选项“不相信路易斯值得受教育”：他父亲送他去读书，属于反向干扰；
C选项“想让路易尽可能长时间地和家人在一起”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有。
第2题:
【选项释义】
Louis Braille did all of the following things except __________. 路易斯•布莱叶做了以下所有的事情，除了__________。
A. teaching young children at the Institution A. 在该学院教小孩子
B. developing a reading system for the blind B. 为盲人开发阅读系统
C. learning to play musical instruments well C. 学习乐器
D. encouraging students to use his method secretly D. 鼓励学生秘密地使用他的方法
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】此题定位到文章倒数第二句，该处讲到 “皮格尼尔的下一任院长坚持恢复使用官方认可的前一个系统，但学生们继续秘密地使用布莱叶的方法（students continued to use Braille’s method secretly）。”可知这是学生自己使用的，而不是路易斯•布莱叶鼓励的，不符合文章内容。因此D选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“在该学院教小孩子”和C选项“学习乐器”：对应第一段最后一句“路易斯在学业、钢琴和管风琴方面（piano and organ）都做得特别好（did exceptionally well），不久就开始帮助教更小的孩子们（teach the younger children）。”路易斯在学院教更小的孩子，也学习乐器，符合文章内容，属于反向干扰；
B选项“为盲人开发阅读系统”：对应第二段第三句“年轻的布莱叶发明了一种只使用点的书写系统（writing system using only dots）。”这里指的就是盲文，为盲人设计的阅读系统，符合文章内容，属于反向干扰。
第3题:
【选项释义】
Charles Barbier originally devised his writing system for __________. 查尔斯•巴比埃最初为__________设计了他的书写系统。
A. blind children A. 盲童
B. the Academy of Sciences B. 科学院
C. military personnel C. 军人
D. the French government D. 法国政府
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词Charles Barbier定位到第二段首句，该处讲到 “查尔斯·巴比埃是一名陆军上尉，他向科学院提出了一套由凸起的圆点和破折号组成的系统，这种系统能让士兵在黑暗中阅读信息（soldiers to read messages in the dark）。”可知查尔斯•巴比埃设计这个系统是为了士兵在黑暗中阅读信息。因此C选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“盲童”和D选项“法国政府”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有；
B选项“科学院”：根据解题思路，可知是向科学院提出，而不是为了科学院使用而设计，属于偷换概念。
第4题:
【选项释义】
We can assure that all of the following items were represented in Louis Braille’s original system except __________. 我们可以保证，除了__________之外，以下所有选项在路易斯•布莱叶的原始系统中都有体现。
A. the number 1 A. 数字1
B. accent marks B. 重音符号
C. periods and commas C. 句号和逗号
D. the letter w D. 字母w
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词Louis Braille’s original system定位到第二段第三句，该处讲到 “年轻的布莱叶发明了一种只使用点的书写系统，他通常从中设计出63种不同的组合，代表法国字母表中的字母（在一个英国人的要求下，他后来添加了w）（he later added “w”）、重音符号、标点符号和数学符号（accents, punctuation marks, and mathematical signs）。”可知在路易斯•布莱叶的原始系统中，没有字母w。因此D选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“数字1”，B选项“重音符号”和C选项“句号和逗号”：根据解题思路，这些都是原始系统中有的内容，属于反向干扰。
第5题:
【选项释义】
The Institution was not able to adopt Braille’s method officially for some time because __________. 学院在一段时间内未能正式采用布莱叶的方法，因为__________。
A. the students preferred the former method A. 学生更喜欢前一种方法
B. the government was slow to approve it B. 政府迟迟没有批准
C. Dr. Pignier’s successor disliked the Braille’s method C. 皮涅尔博士的下一任院长不喜欢盲文的方法
D. the large library collection would then have been useless D. 如果使用了，那大量的图书馆藏书将毫无用处
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干中信息词adopt Braille’s method officially定位到文章倒数第三句，该处讲到 “政府的官僚作风阻止了官方立即采用他的系统（government bureaucracy prevented immediate official adoption）。”可知其原因是政府在那时没有批准。因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“学生更喜欢前一种方法”：对应文章二句“皮格尼尔的下一任院长坚持恢复使用官方认可的前一个系统，但学生们继续秘密地使用布莱叶的方法（use Braille’s method secretly）。”可知学生喜欢布莱叶的方法，而不是前一种方法，属于张冠李戴；
C选项“皮涅尔博士的下一任院长不喜欢盲文的方法”：文章说的是政府不允许使用，而不是新任院长不允许使用，属于张冠李戴；
D选项“如果使用了，那大量的图书馆藏书将毫无用处”：文中没有提到，属于无中生有。
