Drunken driving—sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of murder—has become a national epidemic（流行病）. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years.
A drunken driver is usually referred to as one with 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beer glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American man image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant（忍受）.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend（逆转潮流）in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
New laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A tavern（小酒馆）in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously intoxicated（喝醉）” and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy. As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, what President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forgot that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.
1. Drunken driving has become a popular problem in America because ____.
2. Public opinion regarding drunken driving has changed in that ____.
3. Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that ____.
4. Laws recently introduced in some states have ____.
5. The problem of drunken driving is difficult to solve because ____.
问题1选项
A.accidents attract so much publicity
B.most Americans are heavy drinkers
C.drinking is a socially-accepted habit in America
D.Americans are now less shocked by road accidents
问题2选项
A.detailed statistics are now available
B.judges are giving more severe sentences
C.drivers are more conscious of their image
D.the news media have highlighted the problem
问题3选项
A.many drivers were not of legal age
B.young drivers were often bad drivers
C.the legal drinking age should be raised
D.the level of drinking increased in the 1960s
问题4选项
A.resulted in fewer serious accidents
B.reduced the number of convictions
C.specified the amount drivers can drink
D.prevented bars from serving drunken customers
问题5选项
A.alcohol is easily obtained
B.legislation alone is not sufficient
C.legal prohibiting has already failed
D.drinking is linked to organized crime
第1题:C
第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:B
第1题:
【选项释义】
Drunken driving has become a popular problem in America because ____. 醉驾在美国已经成为一个流行的问题，因为____。
A. accidents attract so much publicity A. 事故吸引了如此多的公众关注
B. most Americans are heavy drinkers B. 大多数美国人都是重度饮酒者
C. drinking is a socially-accepted habit in America C. 在美国喝酒是一种被社会接受的习惯
D. Americans are now less shocked by road accidents D. 美国人现在对交通事故不那么震惊了
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】根据题干关键词“流行的问题”定位到第一段第一句“酒后驾车有时被称为美国社会公认的谋杀形式，现已成为一种全国性流行病（has become a national epidemic）。”其中全国性流行病（has become a national epidemic）为题干中流行的问题（a popular problem）的同义替换，但是第一段并没有直接给出答案，因此再定位到第二段后半截“酗酒曾经是美国男人形象中可以接受的一部分（an acceptable part），大多数法院的法官都很宽容，但最近的醉酒屠杀造成了如此多的广为人知的悲剧，尤其是涉及幼儿的悲剧，以至于公众舆论不再那么宽容。”可知在美国喝酒是被社会接受的习惯，法官也会特别宽容，而这样的风气导致醉酒屠杀造成越来越多的广为人知的悲剧，因此才说酒驾是全国性流行病，因此C选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项根据解题思路可知，事故吸引了如此多的公众关注，即原文提到的“醉酒屠杀造成了如此多的广为人知的（well-publicized）悲剧”并不是酒驾是全国性流行病的根本原因，本选项属于曲解原文；
B选项原文未涉及，属于无中生有；
D选项根据解题思路可知，“以至于公众舆论不再那么宽容”证明美国人对交通事故还是震惊，本选项和原文相悖，属于反向干扰。
第2题:
【选项释义】
Public opinion regarding drunken driving has changed in that ____. 公众对酒后驾车的看法在____发生了变化。
A. detailed statistics are now available A. 现在有详细的统计数字
B. judges are giving more severe sentences B. 法官正在给予更严厉的判决
C. drivers are more conscious of their image C. 司机更注重自己的形象
D. the news media have highlighted the problem D. 新闻媒体强调了这个问题
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】根据题干定位到原文第二段第二句“酗酒曾经是美国男人形象中可以接受的一部分，大多数法院的法官都很宽容，但最近的醉酒屠杀造成了如此多的广为人知的悲剧（well-publicized tragedies），尤其是涉及幼儿的悲剧，以至于公众舆论（public opinion）不再那么宽容”，可知公众态度的变化在于得知了很多悲剧，尤其涉及幼儿，而这些悲剧能广为人知的传播，媒体的作用必不可少，因此D选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项原文未涉及，属于无中生有；
B选项原文未涉及，属于无中生有；
C选项原文未涉及，属于无中生有。
第3题:
【选项释义】
Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that ____. 新泽西州发布的统计数据显示____。
A. many drivers were not of legal age A. 许多司机都没有达到法定年龄
B. young drivers were often bad drivers B. 年轻司机往往是糟糕的司机
C. the legal drinking age should be raised C. 法定饮酒年龄应该提高
D. the level of drinking increased in the 1960s D. 20世纪60年代饮酒水平上升
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】根据题干定位到第三段“20个州已将合法饮酒年龄提高到21岁，扭转了20世纪60年代将其降低到18岁的趋势。在新泽西州（New Jersey）将其降低到18岁后，18至20岁司机的死亡人数增加了一倍多，因此该州最近将其提高到21岁”可知降低法定饮酒年龄酒驾司机死亡人数会增加一倍多，反之推断出，为了避免死亡人数增加，法定饮酒年龄应该提高，C选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项原文未涉及，属于无中生有；
B选项原文未涉及，属于无中生有；
D选项原文未涉及，属于无中生有。
第4题:
【选项释义】
Laws recently introduced in some states have ____. 一些州最近出台的法律____。
A. resulted in fewer serious accidents A. 减少了严重事故的发生
B. reduced the number of convictions B. 减少定罪人数
C. specified the amount drivers can drink C. 规定司机可以喝的量
D. prevented bars from serving drunken customers D. 禁止酒吧招待醉酒顾客
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】根据题干定位到原文第五段第一句“新的法律导致了更多的逮捕和检测，在许多地区，死亡人数已经显著下降（a marked decline in fatalities）。”可知此处的死亡人数是指酒驾的死亡人数，而死亡人数的下降意味着减少了严重事故的发生，A选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
B选项定位到第五段第一句“新的法律导致了更多的逮捕和检测（arrests and tests），在许多地区，死亡人数已经显著下降。”可知定罪人数是上升的，本选项和原文相悖，属于反向干扰；
C选项定位到第五段第二句“一些州也在处罚酒吧（bars）为顾客提供太多饮料。”可知并不是规定司机可以喝的量，而是控制酒吧；
D选项定位到第五段第二句“一些州也在处罚酒吧为顾客提供太多饮料（too many drinks）。”可知不是不能招待，而是不能提供过量饮料给醉酒顾客。
第5题:
【选项释义】
The problem of drunken driving is difficult to solve because ____. 酒后驾驶的问题很难解决，因为____。
A. alcohol is easily obtained A. 酒精很容易获得
B. legislation alone is not sufficient B. 仅靠立法是不够的
C. legal prohibiting has already failed C. 法律禁止已经失败
D. drinking is linked to organized crime D. 饮酒与有组织犯罪有关
【考查点】事实细节题
【解题思路】根据题干定位到原文最后一段最后三句“随着死亡事件在每个州每天都在发生，一些美国人甚至开始赞扬1919年开始的13年全国禁酒，胡佛总统称之为‘高尚的实验’。他们忘记了，法律禁止（legal prohibition）并没有阻止饮酒，反而助长了政治腐败和有组织犯罪。随着毒品贸易的普遍繁荣，没有简单的解决办法（there is no easy solution）。”可知单纯的法律禁止不仅不能够解决酒驾，反正还会滋长政治腐败和有组织的犯罪，证明单纯的依靠立法是行不通的，因此B选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项原文未涉及，属于无中生有；
C选项根据解题思路可知法律禁止失败并不是酒后驾驶的问题很难解决的原因，本选项属于曲解原文；
D选项根据解题思路可知并不是饮酒和组织犯罪有关，而是法律禁止饮酒会导致有组织的犯罪，本选项属于曲解原文。
