When the first white men arrived in Samoa, they found blind men, who could see well enough to describe things in detail just by holding their hands over objects. In France, Jules Romaine tested hundreds of blind people and found a few who could tell the difference between light and dark. He narrowed their photosensitivity（感觉灵敏度）down to areas on the nose or in the finger tips. In 1960 a medical board examined a girl in Virginia and found that, even with thick bandages over her eyes, she was able to distinguish different colors and read short sections of large print.
Rosa Kuleshova, a young woman in the Urals, can see with her fingers. She is not blind, but because she grew up in a family of blind people, she learned to read Braille（盲文）to help them and then went on to teach herself to do other things with her hands. She was examined by the Soviet Academy of Science, and proved to be genuine. A scientist made an intensive study with her and found that, securely blindfolded with only her arms stuck through a screen, she could tell the difference between three primary colors. To test the possibility that the cards reflected heat differently, he heated some and cooled others without affecting her response to them. He also found that she could read newsprint under glass, so texture was giving her no clues. She was able to identify the colors and shape of patches of light projected on to her palm or on to a screen. In rigidly controlled tests, with a blindfold and a screen and a piece of card around her neck so wide that she could not see round it, Rosa read the small print in a newspaper with her elbow. And, in the most convincing demonstration of all, she repeated these things with someone standing behind her pressing hard on her eyeballs. Nobody can cheat under this pressure.
1. The first white men to visit Samoa found people who ____.
2. From the first paragraph we can learn that ____.
3. Why did the scientist put the paper under glass?
4. Which of the following makes the demonstration most persuasive?
5. Which of the following statements is true?
问题1选项
A.were not entirely blind
B.described things by touching them
C.could see with their hands
D.could see when they hold out their hands
问题2选项
A.very few people have the sensitivity of the blind
B.not everybody sees with his eyes
C.blind people can manage to see things, but not clearly
D.it is possible to narrow the photosensitive areas of the body
问题3选项
A.To prevent Rosa from feeling the print.
B.To stop the reflection of heat.
C.To make things as difficult as possible.
D.To stop her from cheating.
问题4选项
A.To read through glass, blindfolded.
B.To identify the color and shape of light on a screen while securely blindfolded.
C.To carry out the test with someone pressing on her eyeballs.
D.To work from behind a screen, blindfolded and with a card round her neck.
问题5选项
A.The men in Samoa were not quite blind.
B.A girl called Virginia could read newsprint even when she was blindfolded.
C.Rosa’s ability to see was confined to her fingers.
D.The result of the last test on Rosa was least doubtable.
第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:A
第4题:C
第5题:D
第1题:
【选项释义】
The first white men to visit Samoa found people who ____. 第一批访问萨摩亚的白人发现有人____。
A. were not entirely blind A. 并非完全失明
B. described things by touching them B. 通过触摸来描述事物
C. could see with their hands C. 可以用他们的手看
D. could see when they hold out their hands D. 当他们伸出手时，他们能看见
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键字“第一批访问萨摩亚的白人”定位到原文第一段第一句“当第一批白人抵达萨摩亚（Samoa）时，他们发现了盲人，他们的视力足以通过把手放在物体上（over）描述事物的细节。”over表示物体和物体进行接触，因此可以得知这些人能够通过触摸来描述事物的细节，因此C选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项根据解题思路可知，原文强调了这些人是盲人，且他们能通过触摸来描述事物，没有暗示这些人是否完全失明，本选项属于曲解原文；
B选项根据解题思路可知，并不是用手去看，而是强调通过触摸可以描述事物，本题属于曲解原文；
D选项根据解题思路可知，并不是伸出手时，他们能看见，这个定义不强调触摸，但是原文暗示是需要通过触摸才能描述事物的细节，也不是说可以通过伸手可以复明，本选项曲解原文。
第2题:
【选项释义】
From the first paragraph we can learn that ____. 从第一段我们可以了解____。
A. very few people have the sensitivity of the blind A. 很少有人有盲人那样的敏感度
B. not everybody sees with his eyes B. 不是每个人都用眼睛看
C. blind people can manage to see things, but not clearly C. 盲人可以看到东西，但看不清楚
D. it is possible to narrow the photosensitive areas of the body D. 缩小身体的感光区域是可能的
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据原文第一段最后一句“1960年，一个医学委员会对弗吉尼亚州的一名女孩进行了检查，发现即使眼睛上有厚厚的绷带（with thick bandages over her eyes），她也能分辨（distinguish）不同的颜色并阅读大字的短小部分。”可以推断出不是所有人都需要用眼睛才能分辨事物，蒙住眼睛也可以看，因此B选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项原文未涉及，无中生有；
C选项根据第一段可知，原文只提到了萨摩亚的盲人可以用手触摸事物来了解细节，以及法国测试中，有些盲人可以辨别光和暗，但是并不是说明所有盲人都可以看到事物，只是看不清，本选项曲解原文；
D选项定位到第一段倒数第二句“他将他们的光敏性（photosensitivity）缩小到鼻子或指尖。”，但是本句话并不是第一段的主要内容，而是朱尔斯·罗曼所做测试的一个小细节，本选项以偏概全。
第3题:
【选项释义】
Why did the scientist put the paper under glass? 为什么科学家把论文放在玻璃下面？
A. To prevent Rosa from feeling the print. A. 防止罗莎感觉到印刷字体。
B. To stop the reflection of heat. B. 阻止热量的反射。
C. To make things as difficult as possible. C. 尽可能地使事情变得困难。
D. To stop her from cheating. D. 防止她作弊。
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干定位到原文第二段“他还发现她可以在玻璃（glass）下阅读新闻纸，所以纹理（texture）并没有给她任何线索。”，可知科学家把论文放在玻璃下是不想要罗莎感受到纸张上的纹理，即印刷字体，A选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
B选项定位到第二段“为了测试卡片反射热量不同的可能性（test the possibility），他加热了一些卡片，冷却了其他卡片，而不影响她对它们的反应。”可知和热量有关的测试是加热制冷卡片，和在玻璃下阅读新闻纸无关，因此本选项属于张冠李戴；
C选项根据解题思路可知，把论文放在玻璃下面的主要目的是为了让她感受不到纹理，而不是为了加大难度，本选项属于曲解原文；
D选项定位到原文最后一段最后两句“在最令人信服的演示中，她重复了这些话，身后站着一个人，用力按压她的眼球。没有人能在这种压力下作弊（cheat）”可知不让罗莎作弊采取的措施是按压她的眼球，本选项曲解原文。
第4题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following makes the demonstration most persuasive? 下面哪个选项使演示最有说服力？
A. To read through glass, blindfolded. A. 蒙上眼睛，隔着玻璃阅读。
B. To identify the color and shape of light on a screen while securely blindfolded. B. 在安全蒙住眼睛的情况下识别屏幕上光线的颜色和形状。
C. To carry out the test with someone pressing on her eyeballs. C. 让人按压她的眼球进行测试。
D. To work from behind a screen, blindfolded and with a card round her neck. D. 在屏幕后面工作，蒙住眼睛，脖子上挂着卡片。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】定位到原文最后一段倒数一、二句“在最令人信服的演示中，她重复了这些话，身后站着一个人，用力按压她的眼球（pressing hard on her eyeballs）。没有人能在这种压力下作弊（cheat）。”可知既然没有人能在按压眼球的情况下作弊证明这个方法最有说服力，C选项符合题意。
【干扰项排除】
A选项定位到原文最后一段“他还发现她可以在玻璃下（under glass）阅读新闻纸，所以纹理并没有给她任何线索。”可知这也是深入测试的一部分，但是比起完全不能作弊的情况来说，这种情况并不是最有说服力的，本选项属于以偏概全；
B选项定位到原文最后一段“一位科学家对她进行了深入的研究，发现只要她把眼睛牢牢地蒙住（securely blindfolded），只把胳膊伸过屏幕，她就能分辨出三种原色的区别”可知本次测试只是一次深入研究，但是比起完全不能作弊的情况来说，这种情况并不是最有说服力的，本选项属于以偏概全；
D选项定位到原文最后一段倒数第三句“在严格控制的测试中（In rigidly controlled tests），罗莎戴着眼罩，脖子上挂着一块屏幕和一张卡片，其宽度之大使她看不见周围，她用胳膊肘阅读报纸上的小字”可知在屏幕后面工作，蒙住眼睛，脖子上挂着卡片只是严格控制的测试，但是比起完全不能作弊的情况来说，这种情况并不是最有说服力的，本选项属于以偏概全。
第5题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements is true? 下列哪个陈述是正确的？
A. The men in Samoa were not quite blind. A. 萨摩亚的人并不是完全失明。
B. A girl called Virginia could read newsprint even when she was blindfolded. B. 一个叫弗吉尼亚的女孩即使被蒙上眼睛也能看报纸。
C. Rosa’s ability to see was confined to her fingers. C. 罗莎的视力仅限于她的手指。
D. The result of the last test on Rosa was least doubtable. D. 最后一次对罗莎的测试结果不容置疑。
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】定位到原文最后一段倒数一、二句“在最令人信服的演示中，她重复了这些话，身后站着一个人，用力按压她的眼球（pressing hard on her eyeballs）。没有人能在这种压力下作弊（cheat）。”可知这一次结果无法作弊，是最不容置疑的内容，因此D选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项定位到原文第一段第一句“当第一批白人到达萨摩亚群岛时，他们发现了一些盲人（blind men），这些人只要把手放在物体上就能清楚地看到事物的细节。”可知这些萨摩亚人确实是盲人，但是他们可以通过手的触感来感知到事物的细节，不是真的复明，因此可知A选项和原文相悖，属于反向干扰；
B选项定位到第一段最后一句“1960年，一个医学委员会对弗吉尼亚州（in Virginia）的一名女孩进行了检查，发现即使眼睛上有厚厚的绷带，她也能分辨不同的颜色并阅读大字的短小部分。”可知这个女孩不是叫弗吉尼亚，而是她的地址在弗吉尼亚，本选项曲解原文；
C选项定位到原文第二段“一位科学家对她进行了深入的研究，发现只要她把眼睛牢牢地蒙住，只把胳膊（arms）伸过屏幕，她就能分辨出三种原色的区别”可知罗莎的视力并不局限于手指，胳膊也能帮助她视物，本选项曲解原文。
