It is notorious that facts are compatible with opposite emotional comments since the same fact will inspire entirely different feelings in different persons, and at different times in the same person; and there is no rationally deducible connection between any outer fact and the sentiments it may happen to provoke. These have their source in another sphere of existence altogether, in the animal and spiritual region of the subject’s being. Conceive yourself, if possibly, suddenly stripped of all the emotion with which your world now inspires you and try to imagine it as it exists, purely by itself without your favorable or unfavorable, hopeful or apprehensive comment. It will be almost impossible for you to realize such a condition of negativity and deadness. No one portion of the universe would then have importance beyond another, and the whole collection of its things and series of its events would be without significance, character, expression, or perspective. Whatever of value, interest, or meaning our respective worlds may appear endowed with are thus pure gifts of the spectator’s mind. The passion of love is the most familiar and extreme example of this fact. If it comes, it comes; if it does not come, no process of reasoning can force it. Yet it transforms the value of the creature loved as utterly as the sunrise transforms Mont Blanc from a corpse-like gray to a rosy enchantment; and it sets the whole world to a new tune for the lover and gives a new issue to his life. So with fear, with indignation, jealousy, ambition, worship. If they are there, life changes. And whether they shall be there or not depends almost always upon non-logical, often on organic conditions. And as the excited interest which these passions put into the world is our gift to the world, just so are the passions themselves gifts; gifts to us, from sources sometimes low and sometimes high; but almost always non-logical and beyond our control. Gifts, either of the flesh or of the spirit; and the spirit blows where it lists, and the world’s materials lend their surface passively to all the gifts alike, as the stage-setting receives indifferently whatever alternating colored lights may be shed upon it from the optical apparatus in the gallery.
Meanwhile the practically real world for each one of us, the effective world of the individual, is the compound world, the physical facts and emotional values in indistinguishable combination. Withdraw or pervert either factor of this complex resultant, and the kind of experience we call pathological ensues.
1. This passage mainly discusses _______.
2. Our feelings about external reality have their origin in _______.
3. The passion of love is cited by the author to show how _______.
4. According to the author all are true EXCEPT that _______.
5. We can conclude from the passage that a man is about to be executed will feel _______.
问题1选项
A.the dual nature of the world in which we humans live
B.the effect of strong emotions
C.emotion and reality
D.emotions and passions - gifts of the spectator’s mind
问题2选项
A.our heart
B.events that affect us personally
C.our immediate environment
D.our subjective being
问题3选项
A.unable we are to control our emotions
B.unreal our practical world is
C.familiar passions are to us
D.our world can be transformed by our feelings
问题4选项
A.whatever values our world has for us are imparted by our minds
B.our feelings about external reality flow from what is objective-outside facts in this environment
C.there seems no logical way to predict our reactions to a given set of conditions
D.our emotions and passions are gifts — no way of controlling or summoning them
问题5选项
A.depressed
B.desperate
C.apathetic
D.emotions we cannot predict
第1题:C
第2题:D
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:D
第1题:
【选项释义】
This passage mainly discusses ____. 这篇文章主要讨论____。
A. the dual nature of the world in which we humans live A. 我们人类生活的世界的双重本质
B. the effect of strong emotions B. 强烈情绪的影响
C. emotion and reality C. 情感与现实
D. emotions and passions—gifts of the spectator’s mind D. 情绪和激情——观照者心灵的赐赠
【考查点】主旨大意题
【解题思路】文章第一段首先提出“很明显地，因为同样的事实对不同的人，或是对同一个人在不同的时间，可以引发完全不同的情绪，所以，同一种事实可以与完全相反之情绪有所关联；并且，任何外在事实与偶然引起这些事实的情感之间，不是必然存在可以合理演绎的关系。（It is notorious that facts are compatible with opposite emotional comments since the same fact will inspire entirely different feelings in different persons, and at different times in the same person; and there is no rationally deducible connection between any outer fact and the sentiments it may happen to provoke.）。”接下来的内容，作者都在论述“情感与事实间的关系”，由此可知，文章探讨了事实和情感之间的相互作用，以及这两种元素的混合如何塑造了我们对现实的感知，故C选项最能概括文章内容。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“我们人类生活的世界的双重本质”不是文章的主要焦点，作者没有明确地把世界分成两个（即双重）性质。相反，作者强调情感和事实的交融和互动，属于曲解原文；
B选项“强烈情绪的影响”虽然文章中也强调了强烈情绪的影响，但该选项并没有涵盖文章的全部内容，因为没有完全融入现实的概念以及它是如何受到影响的，属于以偏概全；
D选项“情绪和激情——观照者心灵的赐赠”是文章的一部分，但它只关注了论点的一部分，而忽略了关于这些礼物（情绪）如何从根本上塑造和创造我们个人现实的广泛讨论，属于以偏概全。
第2题:
【选项释义】
Our feelings about external reality have their origin in ____. 我们对外部现实的感受源于____。
A. our heart A. 我们的内心
B. events that affect us personally B. 影响我们个人的事件
C. our immediate environment C. 我们的直接环境
D. our subjective being D. 我们的主观存在
【考查点】细节事实题
【解题思路】根据“Our feelings about external reality”和“origin”定位到第一段第二句“These have their source in another sphere of existence altogether, in the animal and spiritual region of the subject’s being.（情感的来源完全源于另一个层次，亦即个体存在的动物性与精神性的那个区域。）”句中“These”指代上文提到的“the sentiments”，与“Our feelings”属于同义替换，“their source”与“their origin”属于同义替换。由此可知，我们对外部现实的感觉源于“the animal and spiritual region of the subject’s being”，故D选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“我们的内心（heart）”虽然可以理解为“精神领域”，但文章表明起源更为复杂，包括个体存在的动物性与精神性的领域，属于以偏概全；
B选项“影响我们个人的事件”和C选项“我们的直接环境”不符合文章主旨，文章强调内在的、主观的视角在塑造我们对现实的感受方面的重要性，属于曲解原文。
第3题:
【选项释义】
The passion of love is cited by the author to show how ____. 作者引用恋爱的激情来说明____。
A. unable we are to control our emotions A. 我们无法控制自己的情感
B. unreal our practical world is B. 我们的现实世界是多么的不真实
C. familiar passions are to us C. 激情对我们来说是多么熟悉
D. our world can be transformed by our feelings D. 我们的世界是如何被我们的感觉所改变的
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】根据“The passion of love”定位到第一段“The passion of love is the most familiar and extreme example of this fact.”这一句。其中“this fact”指的是上文提到的“Whatever of value, interest, or meaning our respective worlds may appear endowed with are thus pure gifts of the spectator’s mind.（因此，每个人的世界被赋予的相对价值、兴趣或是意义，纯粹是来自这个观照者的心灵本身。）”也就是说，我们对世界的理解和感知，其实是我们自己的内心、情感和观念在发挥作用，而不仅仅是客观事物本身的特性。这也解释了同样的事件或事实可能会在不同的人中引起完全不同的情感反应。所以，作者提到“The passion of love”是因为它是这个现象的一个非常熟悉且极端的例子：当人们处在恋爱的状态时，他们常常会对所爱的人或物有非常浓烈且超乎常理的感情投射，这是我们的情感如何影响我们对事物的理解和感知的一个例证，故D选项符合原文。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“我们无法控制自己的情感”根据“If it comes, it comes; if it does not come, no process of reasoning can force it.（当爱情来临时，它就来了；如果它不来，没有任何理智的过程可以逼迫它前来。）”可知，作者在这里确实在传达一种观念——我们无法通过逻辑或理性地思考而控制我们的情感，情感的产生是自发的。与上文“每个人的世界被赋予的相对价值、兴趣或是意义，纯粹是来自这个观照者的心灵本身”的表述相关，都在强调一个观点：我们的情感、感知和理解，都是我们内心世界的反应，并不是强加给我们的。我们不能仅仅靠推理就能激发情感；情感（比如爱的激情）是自然而然的产生，是内心世界的反馈，属于曲解原文；
B选项“我们的现实世界是多么的不真实”作者确实认为，由于情绪的影响，我们的感知是主观的，但他并没有暗示这是“不真实的”。相反，作者认为这是物理事实和情感价值的综合体（the physical facts and emotional values in indistinguishable combination），属于曲解原文；
C选项“激情对我们来说是多么熟悉”文章只提到“恋爱的激情是此种事实最熟悉也最极端的例子”，并没有说“激情对我们来说很熟悉”，属于曲解原文。
第4题:
【选项释义】
According to the author all are true EXCEPT that ____. 根据作者的说法，除了____之外都是正确的。
A. whatever values our world has for us are imparted by our minds A. 世界赋予我们的任何价值都是我们的思想赋予我们的
B. our feelings about external reality flow from what is objective—outside facts in this environment B. 我们对外部现实的感觉来自于这个环境中客观的外部事实
C. there seems no logical way to predict our reactions to a given set of conditions C. 似乎没有符合逻辑的方法来预测我们对特定条件的反应
D. our emotions and passions are gifts—no way of controlling or summoning them D. 我们的情绪和激情均是赐赠——无法控制或召唤它们
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】文章第一段提到“……任何外在事实与偶然引起这些事实的情感之间，不是必然存在可以合理演绎的关系。情感的来源完全源于另一个层次，亦即个体存在的动物性与精神性的那个区域（...there is no rationally deducible connection between any outer fact and the sentiments it may happen to provoke. These have their source in another sphere of existence altogether, in the animal and spiritual region of the subject’s being.）……每个人的世界被赋予的相对价值、兴趣或是意义，纯粹是来自这个观照者的心灵本身（Whatever of value, interest, or meaning our respective worlds may appear endowed with are thus pure gifts of the spectator’s mind.）。”由此可知，我们对现实的感受不是由客观或外部事实决定或影响的，而是由我们自己创造的，故B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】
A选项“世界赋予我们的任何价值都是我们的思想赋予我们的”根据原文“Whatever of value, interest, or meaning our respective worlds may appear endowed with are thus pure gifts of the spectator’s mind.（每个人的世界被赋予的相对价值、兴趣或是意义，纯粹是来自这个观照者的心灵本身。）”可知，该选项表述符合作者的观点，属于答非所问；
C选项“似乎没有符合逻辑的方法来预测我们对特定条件的反应”根据原文“So with fear, with indignation, jealousy, ambition, worship. If they are there, life changes. And whether they shall be there or not depends almost always upon non-logical, often on organic conditions.（恐惧、愤慨、嫉妒、野心与崇拜这些情绪也是如此。当它们来临时，生命就改变了。它们来临与否，几乎总是依靠非逻辑的条件，通常是感官的条件。）”可知，该选项表述符合作者的观点，属于答非所问；
D选项“我们的情绪和激情均是赐赠——无法控制或召唤它们”根据原文“And as the excited interest which these passions put into the world is our gift to the world, just so are the passions themselves gifts; gifts to us, from sources sometimes low and sometimes high; but almost always non-logical and beyond our control.（就如同这些情绪赋予世界一种令人振奋的趣味，它们源于我们对于世界的赐赠，这些情绪本身就是一种赐赠，从或高或低的来源所给我们的赐赠，无论如何，这些来源几乎总是超乎逻辑以及我们的控制。）”可知，该选项表述符合作者的观点，属于答非所问。
第5题:
【选项释义】
We can conclude from the passage that a man is about to be executed will feel ____. 我们可以从文章中得出结论，一个即将被处决的人会感觉____。
A. depressed A. 沮丧
B. desperate B. 绝望
C. apathetic C. 冷漠
D. emotions we cannot predict D. 我们无法预测的情绪
【考查点】推理判断题
【解题思路】根据第一段“So with fear, with indignation, jealousy, ambition, worship. If they are there, life changes. And whether they shall be there or not depends almost always upon non-logical, often on organic conditions. And as the excited interest which these passions put into the world is our gift to the world, just so are the passions themselves gifts; gifts to us, from sources sometimes low and sometimes high; but almost always non-logical and beyond our control.（恐惧、愤慨、嫉妒、野心与崇拜这些情绪也是如此。当它们来临时，生命就改变了。它们来临与否，几乎总是依靠非逻辑的条件，通常是感官的条件。就如同这些情绪赋予世界一种令人振奋的趣味，它们源于我们对于世界的赐赠，这些情绪本身就是一种赐赠，从或高或低的来源所给我们的赐赠，无论如何，这些来源几乎总是超乎逻辑以及我们的控制。）”可知，人的情感是不可控的，故D选项符合原文。
【干扰项排除】
A、B、C选项均不符合以上分析，属于曲解原文。
