The Importance of Friendship for School-age Children
Friends are very important to school-age children's healthy (health) development. Research has 1___(show) that children who lack friends can suffer from emotional and mental difficulties later in life. They have also found that children with friends have a 2 ___ (great) sense of happiness, better self-esteem and fewer problems as they grow up.
Friendships provide children with more than just fun 3 ___ (playmate). They help children develop emotionally and 4 ___ (moral). In interacting with friends, children learn many 5 ___ (society) skills, such as how to communicate, and how to cooperate. They practice 6 ___ (control) their emotions and responding to the emotions of others. They develop the 7 ___ (able) to think through and negotiate different situations in their relationships. Having friends 8 ___ (affect) children in many ways, even their school 9 ___ (perform). Children tend to have better attitudes about school and learning when they have friends there. In short friendships are not just a luxury; they are 10 ___ (necessary)for children.
【文章大意】友谊对学龄儿童的重要性
朋友对学龄儿童的健康发展非常重要研究表明，缺乏朋友的孩子在以后的生活中会遭受情感和精神上的困难。他们还发现，有朋友的孩子在成长过程中有更强的幸福感、更强的自尊心和更少的问题。
友谊给孩子提供的不仅仅是有趣的玩伴。他们帮助孩子们发展情感和道德。在与朋友的互动中，孩子们学会了许多社交技巧，比如如何沟通，如何合作。他们练习控制自己的情绪，并对他人的情绪做出反应。
他们培养了思考和处理人际关系中不同情况的能力。拥有朋友会在很多方面影响孩子，甚至影响他们的学习成绩。当孩子们在学校有朋友时，他们往往对学校和学习有更好的态度。简而言之，友谊不仅仅是一种奢侈品；它们是孩子们的必需品。
1.
【答案】shown
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格所在句子“Research has 1 (show) that children who lack friends can suffer from emotional and mental difficulties later in life.”可知考查谓语动词的时态，研究已经发现缺乏朋友的孩子在以后的生活中会遭受情感和精神上的困难。使用现在完成时。show的过去分词是shown。故本题应填入shown。
2.
【答案】greater
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“They have also found that children with friends have a 2 (great) sense of happiness, better self-esteem and fewer problems as they grow up.”可知填入的形容词应和后文的“better”一样使用比较级。故本题应填入greater。
3.
【答案】playmates
【原文考查】上下文关联题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“Friendships provide children with more than just fun 3 (playmate). ”可知友谊给孩子提供的不仅仅是玩乐玩伴，应填入名词的复数形式。故本题应填入playmates。
4.
【答案】morally
【原文考查】上下文关联题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“They help children develop emotionally and 4 (moral)”.根据and知道前后词性一致，故应填入副词，moral的副词形式是morally。故本题应填入morally。
5.
【答案】social
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“In interacting with friends, children learn many 5 (society) skills”。在与朋友的互动中，孩子们学到很多社交技巧。应填入形容词修饰名词。society的名词形式是social。故本题应填入social。
6.
【答案】controlling
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“They practice 6 (control) their emotions and responding to the emotions of others.”他们练习控制自己的情绪，并对他人的情绪做出反应。practice后接动名词。故本题应填入controlling。注意拼写。
7.
【答案】ability
【原文考查】词语搭配题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“They develop the 7 (able) to think through and negotiate different situations in their relationships.”可知他们培养了在人际关系中思考和协商不同情况的能力。空格前面有定冠词，且动词后接名词，able的名词形式是ability。故本题应填入ability。
8.
【答案】affects
【原文考查】语法结构题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“Having friends 8 (affect) children in many ways”，句中缺乏谓语动词，考查主谓一致，主语为Having friend，谓语动词使用第三人称单数。故本题应填入affects。
9.
【答案】performance
【原文考查】词语搭配题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“Having friends affects children in many ways, even their school 9 (perform).”交朋友会影响他们在学校的表现，应该使用perform的名词形式。故本题应填入performance。
10.
【答案】necessity
【原文考查】上下文关联题
【解题思路】根据空格定位到“In short friendships are not just a luxury; they are 10 (necessary)for children.”友谊不只是奢侈品，也是必需品，空格和“luxury”意义相反，都为名词。故本题应填入necessity。
