试题出自试卷《辽宁工程技术大学2017年博士入学考试试题（秋季）》

The energy crunch, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the reckless despoiling of the earth’s resources has brought the whole world to brink of disaster. The over development of motor transport, with its spiral of more cars, more highway, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the disintegration of the family, and the pollution not only of local air, but also of the earth’s atmosphere. The catastrophe has arrived in the form of the energy crunch.
Our present situation is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural catastrophes of the past. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is crucial. What we need is not a continuation of our present perilous state, which endangers the future of our country, our children and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems.
This country has been reeling under the continuing exposures of loss of moral integrity and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral reinvigoration and for some commitment that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the loyalty of all. In the past it has been only in a war in defense of their own country and their own ideals that any people have been able to invoke a total commitment.
This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity.
To grasp it, we need a widespread understanding of nature of the crisis confronting us—and the world—a crisis that is no passing inconvenience, no by-product of the ambitions of the oil-producing countries, no figment of environmentalists’ fears, no byproduct of any present system of government. What we face is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed lifestyle. This new life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on an overriding commitment to a higher quality of life for the world’s children and future generation.
1. According to the author, the energy crisis has led the world close to _____.
2. What does the author think has contributed to the near disaster of our cities?
3. Which of the following indicates our loss of moral integrity according to the passage?
4. By comparing past with present, the author wants to draw people’s attention to the ______.
5. Which of the following commitments does the author feel people need to make?