Americans usually consider themselves a friendly people. Their friendships, however, tend to be shorter and more casual than friendships among people from other cultures. It is not uncommon for Americans to have only one close friend during their lifetime, and consider other “friends” to be just social acquaintances. This attitude probably has something to do with American mobility and the fact that Americans do not like to be dependent on other people. They tend to “compartmentalize” (划分) friendships, having “friends at work”, “friends on the softball team”, “family friends”, etc.
Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people always seem to be on the go. In this highly charged atmosphere, Americans can sometimes seem brusque (无礼的) or impatient. They want to get to know you as quickly as possible and then move on to something else. Sometimes, early on, they will ask you questions that you may feel are very personal. No insult is intended; the questions usually grow out of their genuine interest or curiosity, and their impatience to get to the heart of the matter. And the same goes for you. If you do not understand certain American behavior or you want to know more about them, do not hesitate to ask them questions about themselves. Americans are usually eager to explain all about their country or anything “American” in which you may be interested. So much so in fact that you may become tired of listening. It doesn’t matter, because Americans tend to be uncomfortable with silence during a conversation. They would rather talk about the weather or the latest sports scores, for example, than deal with silence.
On the other hand, don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs, unless those subjects directly involve the Unite States. Because the United States is not surrounded by many other nations, some Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world.
1. The general topic of the passage is ______.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
3. The phrase “highly charged” (Paragraph 2) most probably means ______.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
5. According to the passage, Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world because ______.
问题1选项
A.American society
B.American culture
C.Americans’ personality
D.Americans’ activities
问题2选项
A.Friendships among Americans tend to be casual.
B.Americans do not like to depend on other people.
C.Americans always seem to be on the go.
D.Americans know a lot about international affairs.
问题3选项
A.highly responsible
B.extremely free
C.full of mobility and change
D.very cheerful
问题4选项
A.Americans’ character is affected by their social and geographical environment
B.Americans want to participate in all kinds of activities
C.curiosity is characteristic of Americans
D.Americans do not know how to deal with silence
问题5选项
A.they are too proud of themselves
B.they are not interested in other countries
C.they are too busy to learn about other countries
D.their country does not have many neighboring nations
第1题:C
第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:D
第1题:
【选项释义】
The general topic of the passage is ______. 这篇文章的主题是______。
A. American society A. 美国的社会
B. American culture B. 美国的文化
C. Americans’ personality C. 美国人的个性
D. Americans’ activities D. 美国的活动
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】根据原文每段第一句“美国人通常认为自己是友好的民族。”(Americans usually consider themselves a friendly people. )、“因为美国是一个高度活跃的社会,充满了运动和变化,人们似乎总是在忙碌。”(Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people always seem to be on the go.)、“另一方面,不要指望美国人了解国际地理或世界事务,除非这些学科直接涉及美国。”(On the other hand, don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs, unless those subjects directly involve the Unite States.),可知本文讲述的是美国人的个性,因此本题正确答案为选项C。
【干扰项排除】
A选项对应原文第二段第一句“因为美国是一个高度活跃的社会,充满了运动和变化,人们似乎总是在忙碌。”(Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people always seem to be on the go.),属于以偏概全;
B、D选项原文未提及,属于无中生有。
第2题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage? 根据文章,下列哪个陈述是不正确的?
A. Friendships among Americans tend to be casual. A. 美国人的友谊往往很随意。
B. Americans do not like to depend on other people. B. 美国人不喜欢依赖别人。
C. Americans always seem to be on the go. C. 美国人似乎总是忙个不停。
D. Americans know a lot about international affairs. D. 美国人对国际事务很了解。
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到原文最后一段“另一方面,不要期望美国人了解国际地理或世界事务,除非这些学科直接涉及美国。由于美国周围没有其他许多国家,一些美国人往往忽视世界其他地区。”(On the other hand, don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs.),可知美国人根本不了解其他国家的事物,因此本题正确答案为选项D。
【干扰项排除】
A选项对应原文第一段第四句“这种态度(指上一句提到的内容)可能与美国人的流动性以及美国人不喜欢依赖他人有关。”(This attitude probably has something to do with American mobility and the fact that Americans do not like to be dependent on other people.);
B选项对应原文第一段第二句“然而,他们的友谊往往比来自其他文化的人之间的友谊更短暂、更随意。”(Their friendships, however, tend to be shorter and more casual than friendships among people from other cultures.);
C选项对应原文第二段第一句“因为美国是一个高度活跃的社会,充满了运动和变化,人们似乎总是在忙碌。”(Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people always seem to be on the go.)。
第3题:
【选项释义】
The phrase “highly charged” (Paragraph 2) most probably means ______. 短语“highly charged”(第2段)很可能是指______。
A. highly responsible A. 高度负责的
B. extremely free B. 极度自由的
C. full of mobility and change C. 充满流动性和变化的
D. very cheerful D. 非常欢快的
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词可精确定位到原文第二段第二句“在这种高度紧张的氛围中,美国人有时会显得粗鲁(无礼的)或不耐烦。”(In this highly charged atmosphere, Americans can sometimes seem brusque (无礼的)or impatient.),作者提到了this highly charged atmosphere,这里用了this,表示highly charged atmosphere指上一句提到的a highly active society,而full of movement and change则是对a highly active society的进一步解释,因此本题正确答案为选项C。
【干扰项排除】
A、B、D选项均不能表示highly charged的意义。
第4题:
【选项释义】
It can be inferred from the passage that ______. 从文章中可以推断出______。
A. Americans’ character is affected by their social and geographical environment A. 美国人的性格受其社会和地理环境的影响
B. Americans want to participate in all kinds of activities B. 美国人想参加各种各样的活动
C. curiosity is characteristic of Americans C. 好奇心是美国人的特点
D. Americans do not know how to deal with silence D. 美国人不知道如何应对沉默
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据原文第二段第一句“因为美国是一个高度活跃的社会,充满了运动和变化,人们似乎总是在忙碌。”(Because the United States is a highly active society, full of movement and change, people always seem to be on the go.)以及最后一段“另一方面,不要期望美国人了解国际地理或世界事务,除非这些学科直接涉及美国。由于美国周围没有其他许多国家,一些美国人往往忽视世界其他地区。”(On the other hand, don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs,)。即对世界上的其他国家不了解、不关心,因此本题正确答案为选项A。
【干扰项排除】
B、D选项原文未提及,属于无中生有;
C选项对应原文最后一段“另一方面,不要期望美国人了解国际地理或世界事务,除非这些学科直接涉及美国。由于美国周围没有其他许多国家,一些美国人往往忽视世界其他地区。”(On the other hand, don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs,),与原文相反,属于反向干扰。
第5题:
【选项释义】
According to the passage, Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world because ______. 根据这篇文章,美国人倾向于忽略世界其他地方,因为______。
A. they are too proud of themselves A. 提供了诸多的文明
B. they are not interested in other countries B. 他们对其他国家不感兴趣
C. they are too busy to learn about other countries C. 他们太忙了,没有时间了解其他国家
D. their country does not have many neighboring nations D. 他们的国家没有很多邻国
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词可精确定位到原文最后一句话“由于美国没有很多邻国,所以美国人倾向于忽视世界上其他地方。”(Because the United States is not surrounded by many other nations, some Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world.),因此本题正确答案为选项D。
【干扰项排除】
A、C选项原文未提及,属于无中生有;
B选项对应原文第二段第五句“这些问题通常是出于他们真正的兴趣或好奇心”(the questions usually grow out of their genuine interest or curiosity),属于曲解原文。