So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity: It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest (探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.
1. The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ______.
2. The teaching of reading will be successful if ______.
3. The word “scrutiny” (Sentence 2, Paragraph 3) most probably means ______.
4. According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ______.
5. The main idea of the passage is that ______.
问题1选项
A.it is one of the most difficult school courses
B.students spend endless hours in reading
C.reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D.too much time is spent in teaching about reading
问题2选项
A.teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B.teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
C.teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D.teachers can make their teaching activities observable
问题3选项
A.inquiry
B.observation
C.control
D.suspicion
问题4选项
A.children become highly motivated
B.teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C.teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D.reading enriches children’s experience
问题5选项
A.teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C.reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D.reading is more complicated than generally believed
第1题:D
第2题:B
第3题:B
第4题:A
第5题:C
第1题:
【选项释义】
The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that______. 第一段提到的阅读课程的问题是______。
A. it is one of the most difficult school courses A. 这是学校最难的课程之一
B. students spend endless hours in reading B. 学生们在阅读上花费了无穷无尽的时间
C. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance C. 阅读任务的分配缺乏指导
D. too much time is spent in teaching about reading D. 花在阅读教学上的时间太多了
【考查点】细节推测题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息the first paragraph可精确定位到原文第一段。根据“当然,花在阅读活动上的时间并不是无休止的。”(It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading.)以及“阅读不能直接教授,学校应该停止做不可能的事。”(reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.)可得到答案,因此本题正确答案为选项D。
【干扰项排除】
A、C选项原文未提及,属于无中生有;
B选项对应第一段“当然,花在阅读活动上的时间并不是无休止的。”(It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading.),与原文描述对象不符,是老师花在阅读教学活动的时间太多了。
第2题:
【选项释义】
The teaching of reading will be successful if______. 如果______,阅读教学将取得成功。
A. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students A. 教师可以为学生改善学校条件
B. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading B. 教师可以让学生发展自己的阅读方式
C. teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading C. 教师可以设计出最有效的阅读系统
D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable D. 教师可以使他们的教学活动具有可观察性
【考查点】细节推测题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息可精确定位到原文最后一段。根据最后一句“当老师创造一个环境,让孩子们有机会通过阅读来解决学习阅读的问题时,学习阅读就变得更容易了。”(Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.)可得到答案,因此本题正确答案为选项B。
【干扰项排除】
A选项对应“教学的作用是创造条件和氛围”(The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate),而不是改善学校条件;
C选项对应“使儿童能够设计最有效的阅读教学系统”(make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system),选项与原文描述不符;
D选项对应“教学也是一种公共活动:可以看到和观察。”(Teaching is also a public activity: It can be seen and observed.),选项是原文描述教学的一种属性。
第3题:
【选项释义】
The word “scrutiny” (Line3, Para.3) most probably means______. “审查”一词(第3行,第3段)很可能是指______。
A. inquiry A. 调查,查询
B. observation B. 观察
C. control C. 控制
D. suspicion D. 怀疑
【考查点】语义题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息可精确定位到原文第三段。根据最后一句“几乎所有这些都是私人的,因为学习是一种思想的职业,而且这个过程不接受公众的监督。”(Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.),从private和public即可推测出答案,因此本题正确答案为选项B。
【干扰项排除】
A、C、D选项词义不符。
第4题:
【选项释义】
According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when______. 根据这篇文章,当______时,学习阅读将不再是一项困难的任务。
A. children become highly motivated A. 孩子们变得积极主动
B. teacher and learner roles are interchangeable B. 教师和学习者的角色是可以互换的
C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge C. 教学帮助儿童寻找知识
D. reading enriches children’s experience D. 阅读丰富儿童的经验
【考查点】事实细节题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息no longer be a difficult task可精确定位到原文第四段最后一句“让阅读变得容易,这意味着让阅读成为孩子们有意义、愉快和频繁的经历。”(Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.)以及最后一段最后一句“当老师创造一个环境,让孩子们有机会通过阅读来解决学习阅读的问题时,学习阅读就变得更容易了。”(Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.)可得到答案,因此本题正确答案为选项A。
【干扰项排除】
B、C选项对应“如果教师和学习者的角色不能互换,那么通过教学可以做些什么来帮助孩子寻求知识?”(If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable),原文并没有准确提到能不能互换以及教学帮助儿童寻找知识;
D选项对应“让阅读变得容易,这意味着让阅读成为孩子们有意义、愉快和频繁的经历。”(Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.),并没有提到丰富儿童的经验。
第5题:
【选项释义】
The main idea of the passage is that______. 这段文章的主要思想是______。
A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read A. 老师应该尽可能少地帮助学生学习阅读
B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible B. 老师应该鼓励学生尽可能广泛地阅读
C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught C. 阅读能力是后天习得的,而不是教会的
D. reading is more complicated than generally believed D. 阅读比一般认为的要复杂
【考查点】文章主旨题。
【解题思路】通读全文,根据第一段第二句“教孩子阅读不是把阅读传给他们。”(Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them.),第二段第三句“教学的作用是创造条件和气氛,使孩子们能够设计出最有效的系统来自学阅读。”(The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read.)以及最后一段最后一句“当教师创造了一个环境,让孩子们有机会解决倾向于阅读的问题时,学习阅读是更容易的。”Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.)可发现作者一直强调阅读不是靠老师教会的,儿童自身努力占比较大,因此本题正确答案为选项C。
【干扰项排除】
A选项对应最后一段最后一句“当教师创造了一个环境,让孩子们有机会解决倾向于阅读的问题时,学习阅读是更容易的。”Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of leaning to read by reading.),与选项无关,属于曲解原文;
B、D选项原文均未提及,属于无中生有。