Directions: In this part there is a short passage with some questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than TEN words.
For centuries man dreamed of achieving vertical flight. In 400 AD Chinese children played with a fan-like toy that spun upwards and fell back to earth as rotation ceased. Leonardo da Vinci conceived the first mechanical apparatus, called a “Helix”, which could carry a man straight up, but his was only a design and was never tested.
The ancient dream was finally realized in 1940 when a Russian immigrant, an aeronautical engineer, piloted a strange looking craft of steel tubing with a rotating fan on top. It rose awkwardly and vertically into the air from a standing start, hovered a few feet above the ground, went sideways and backwards, and then settled back to earth. That vehicle was called helicopter.
Imaginations were fired. Men dreamed of commuting to work in their own personal helicopter. Every man would have one in his backyard. People anticipated that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today. Such fantastic expectations were not fulfilled.
The helicopter has now become an extremely versatile machine. It excels in military missions, carrying troops, guns and strategic instruments where other aircraft cannot go. Corporations use them as airborne offices, many metropolitan areas use them in police work, construction and logging companies employ them in various advantageous ways, engineers use them for site selection and surveying, and oil companies use them as the best way to make offshore and remote work stations accessible to crews and supplies. Any urgent mission to get to a place is a likely task for a helicopter. Among their other multitude of uses, they deliver people across town, fly to and from airports, assist in rescue work and aid in the search for missing or wanted persons.
1. What is a helicopter?
2. What is said about the development of the helicopter?
3. Why has the helicopter become an extremely versatile machine?
4. Why do people use helicopters in any urgent mission?
5. According to this passage, which dream was not realised?
