In the primary school, a child is in a comparatively simple setting and most of the time forms a relationship with one familiar teacher. On entering secondary school, a new world opens up and frequently it is a much more difficult world. The pupil soon learns to be less free in the way he speaks to teachers and even to his fellow pupils. He begins to lose gradually the free and easy ways of the primary school, for he senses the need for a more cautious approach in the secondary school where there are older pupils. Secondary staff and pupils suffer from the pressures of academic work and seem to have less time to stop and talk. Teachers with specialist roles may see hundreds of children in a week, and a pupil may be able to form relationships with very few of the staff. He has to decide which adults are approachable; good schools will make clear to every young person from the first year what guidance and personal help is available—but whether the reality of life in the institution actually encourages requests for help is another matter.
Adults often forget what a confusing picture school can offer to a child. He sees a great deal of movement, a great number of people—often rather frightening-looking people—and realizes that an increasing number of choices and decisions have to be made. As he progresses through the school the confusion may become less but the choices and decisions required will increase. The school will rightly expect the pupil to take the first steps to obtain the help he needs, for this is the pattern of adult life for which he has to be prepared, but all the time the opportunities for personal and group advice must be presented in a way which makes them easy to understand and within easy reach of pupils. (316 words)
1. According to the passage one of the problems for pupils entering secondary schools is that ______.
2. In secondary schools every pupil having problems should ______.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that the author is mainly concerned about ______.
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
5. The most appropriate title for the passage would be ______.
问题1选项
A.they are taught by many different teachers
B.they do not attend lessons in every subject
C.the teachers are not so friendly and helpful
D.the teachers give most attention to a few pupils
问题2选项
A.know how to ask for help
B.go to ask any teacher he can find
C.discuss his problem in class
D.turn to his parents for help
问题3选项
A.academic standards
B.the role of specialist teachers
C.the training of the individual teachers
D.the personal development of pupils
问题4选项
A.All the secondary schools know the way to encourage students’ requests for help.
B.The secondary schools are responsible for offering personal and group advice to new pupils.
C.Secondary school pupils enjoy greater freedom in communicating with teachers and fellow pupils.
D.Secondary school pupils can easily get the help they need.
问题5选项
A.Primary School and Secondary School
B.Problems for New Secondary School Teachers
C.Problems for New Secondary School Pupils
D.Academic Work and Personal Relationship
第1题:A
第2题:A
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:C
第1题:
【选项释义】
According to the passage one of the problems for pupils entering secondary schools is that ______. 根据文章，学生进入中学的问题之一是______。
A. they are taught by many different teachers A. 他们由许多不同的老师教授
B. they do not attend lessons in every subject B. 他们不是每门课都上
C. the teachers are not so friendly and helpful C. 老师不是那么友好和乐于助人
D. the teachers give most attention to a few pupils D. 老师们把最多的注意力放在少数学生身上
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到原文第一段第一句“在小学里，孩子们的环境相对简单，大部分时间都与一位熟悉的老师建立关系。”（In the primary school, a child is in a comparatively simple setting and most of the time forms a relationship with one familiar teacher.），言下之意是到了中学就有所区别了。随后文章第一段第六句又提到“从事专业工作的老师一周可能会见数百名学生，而一个学生可能只能与很少的老师建立关系。”（Teachers with specialist roles may see hundreds of children in a week, and a pupil may be able to form relationships with very few of the staff.），可见，老师比较多，学生们无法和他们每个人打交道，因此本题正确答案为选项A。
【干扰项排除】
B、C、D选项原文未提及，属于无中生有。
第2题:
【选项释义】
In secondary schools every pupil having problems should ______. 在中学里，每个有问题的学生都应该______。
A. know how to ask for help A. 懂得如何寻求帮助
B. go to ask any teacher he can find B. 去问任何他能找到的老师
C. discuss his problem in class C. 在课堂上讨论他的问题
D. turn to his parents for help D. 向他的父母求助
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到原文第一段最后一句“好的学校会让每个学生从入学第一年就清楚地知道，学校会提供什么样的指导和个人帮助——但学校的现实生活是否真的鼓励寻求帮助则是另一回事。”（good schools will make clear…another matter.），指出好的学校会让学生们清楚知道他们可以寻求哪些老师的帮助；以及原文最后一段最后一句“学校理所当然地期望学生迈出第一步去获得他所需要的帮助，因为这是他必须为之做好准备的成人生活模式，但个人和团体建议的机会必须始终以一种容易理解的方式呈现给学生。”（The school will rightly expect…of pupils.），又指出学校应该期望学生们开始学习如何寻求他所需的帮助，因此本题正确答案为选项A。
【干扰项排除】
B、C、D选项原文未提及，属于无中生有。
第3题:
【选项释义】
It can be inferred from the passage that the author is mainly concerned about ______. 从文章中可以推断出作者主要关注的是______。
A. academic standards A. 学术标准
B. the role of specialist teachers B. 专业教师的作用
C. the training of the individual teachers C. 对个别教师的培训
D. the personal development of pupils D. 学生的个人发展
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到原文第一段第一、二句“在小学里，孩子处在一个相对简单的环境中，大部分时间都和一个熟悉的老师建立关系。进入中学后，一个新的世界打开了，而且往往是一个更加困难的世界。”（In the primary school, a child is in a comparatively simple setting and most of the time forms a relationship with one familiar teacher. On entering secondary school, a new world opens up and frequently it is a much more difficult world.）再通读全文可知文章主要在讲述学生们从小学到初中经历的环境的巨大的变化，他们的感受以及学校和老师应该采取什么方式来应对学生们的这些变化。由此可知，作者关注的是学生们的成长。选项D符合题意，因此本题正确答案为选项D。
【干扰项排除】
A、B、C选项原文未提及，属于无中生有。
第4题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements is TRUE? 下列哪个陈述是正确的？
A. All the secondary schools know the way to encourage students’ requests for help. A. 所有的中学都知道如何鼓励学生寻求帮助。
B. The secondary schools are responsible for offering personal and group advice to new pupils. B. 中学负责向新生提供个人和团体建议。
C. Secondary school pupils enjoy greater freedom in communicating with teachers and fellow pupils. C. 中学生在与老师和同学交流方面享有更大的自由。
D. Secondary school pupils can easily get the help they need. D. 中学生很容易得到他们需要的帮助。
【考查点】逻辑推理题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到原文最后一段最后一句“因为这是他必须为之做好准备的成人生活模式，但个人和团体建议的机会必须始终以一种容易理解和学生容易获得的方式呈现。”（for this is the pattern of adult life for which he has to be prepared, but all the time the opportunities for personal and group advice must be presented in a way which makes them easy to understand and within easy reach of pupils.），因此本题正确答案为选项B。
【干扰项排除】
A选项原文并没有提到所有的中学都知道如何鼓励学生寻求帮助，属于无中生有；
C选项对应原文第一段第五句“中学教职员工和学生承受着学术工作的压力，似乎没有多少时间停下来交谈。”（Secondary staff and pupils suffer from the pressures of academic work and seem to have less time to stop and talk.），属于反向干扰；
D选项原文未提及中学生很容易得到他们需要的帮助，属于无中生有。
第5题:
【选项释义】
The most appropriate title for the passage would be ______. 这篇文章最合适的标题是______。
A. Primary School and Secondary School A. 小学和中学
B. Problems for New Secondary School Teachers B. 初中老师的问题
C. Problems for New Secondary School Pupils C. 初中生的问题
D. Academic Work and Personal Relationship D. 学术工作与人际关系
【考查点】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到原文第一段第一、二句“在小学里，孩子处在一个相对简单的环境中，大部分时间都和一个熟悉的老师建立关系。进入中学后，一个新的世界打开了，而且往往是一个更加困难的世界。”（In the primary school, a child is in a comparatively simple setting and most of the time forms a relationship with one familiar teacher. On entering secondary school, a new world opens up and frequently it is a much more difficult world.）以及第二段第一句“成年人常常忘记一所令人困惑的学校能给孩子们带来什么。”（Adults often forget what a confusing picture school can offer to a child.）再通读全文可知文章主要是在讲述学生们步入中学后面临的一些问题，以及学校和老师就这些问题采取的一些措施，作者关心的是学生们的成长，因此本题正确答案为选项C。
【干扰项排除】
A选项对应原文第一段第一、二句“在小学里，孩子处在一个相对简单的环境中，大部分时间都和一个熟悉的老师建立关系。进入中学后，一个新的世界打开了，而且往往是一个更加困难的世界。”（In the primary school…difficult world.），只在最开头提到了，属于以偏概全；
B选项对应原文第一段第五句“中学教职员工和学生承受着学术工作的压力，似乎没有多少时间停下来交谈。”（Secondary staff and pupils suffer from the pressures of academic work and seem to have less time to stop and talk.），但并没有具体描述初中老师的问题，属于无中生有；
D选项对应原文第一段第四、五句“中学教职员工和学生承受着学术工作的压力，似乎没有多少时间停下来交谈。具有专业角色的教师一周内可能会见到数百名儿童，而一名学生可能能够与很少的教职员工建立关系。”（Secondary staff and pupils suffer from…few of the staff.），是文中的一部分，但不能代表全文，属于以偏概全。
