There can be no doubt that sharks hear perfectly. Experience has shown that they react to the sound of blows under water, to the sound of a bell, or to the noises made by a diver at work. In general, their reaction is one of intense interest. I have often tried bits of advice like “If you see a shark approaching, beat the water with your hands,” or the famous warning given to beginning divers, “If you want to drive a shark away, cry out in the water.” In my experience, such advice is almost criminal. In most cases the consequence was an immediate attack.
There seems to be no reason for the shark’s frenzy. This, I think, is what hits me most, giving me a feeling of complete helplessness. The mad rush of hordes of sharks toward the exact point where one of their own has devoured a bit of fish is terrifying to watch. The beasts seem unstoppable and fatal—and totally senseless.
Sometimes the shark will flee from a naked and unarmed diver, and at other times he will throw himself against a steel diving cage and hit furiously at the vars. With any other animal—be it dog or crow—I know that my actions or reactions will have a direct influence on its behavior. But the shark moves through my world like a puppet whose strings are controlled by something other than the power moving mine; he seems to come from another planet. In fact, he does come from another time in that he has evolved little since his beginning. He perfectly adapts to his life, yet no one can ever predict what he will do.
We do not know if sharks migrate from one region to another, but it has been established that the majority swim unceasingly, day and night. There are two reasons for this. Sharks do not have a “swimming bladder” (an organ that allows most fish to stabilize themselves at different depths). If sharks stop swimming they will sink. Also, most species have no mechanism for pumping water so that it will pass over their gills and bring oxygen into the bloodstream. They must depend on constant movement for this “breathing.”
1. According to the writher, if we see a shark approaching, we should ______.
2. Which of the following adjectives can best describe the shark’s rush towards the spot where some blood is ______.
3. In paragraph 3, the writer describes the behavior of sharks in order to show ______.
4. Which of the following statements about sharks is TRUE?
5. The word “frenzy” most probably means ______.
问题1选项
A.cry out in water
B.ring a bell
C.beat the water with our hands
D.keep silent
问题2选项
A.criminal
B.senseless
C.helpless
D.terrified
问题3选项
A.the influence of its behavior
B.the adaptation of its behavior
C.the unpredictability of its behavior
D.its difference from dog or crow
问题4选项
A.They are various kinds of puppet.
B.Most of them swim from one place to another every year.
C.Most of them keep on swimming without stopping.
D.Most of them have a swimming bladder.
问题5选项
A.helplessness
B.madness
C.terror
D.rush
第1题:D
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:C
第5题:B
第1题:
【选项释义】
According to the writher, if we see a shark approaching, we should ______. 根据作者的说法，如果我们看到鲨鱼靠近，我们应该______。
A. cry out in water A. 在水中呼喊
B. ring a bell B. 摇铃
C. beat the water with our hands C. 用手拍打水
D. keep silent D. 保持沉默
【考查点】逻辑推理题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词可精确定位到原文第一段第一、二句“毫无疑问，鲨鱼的听觉是完美的。经验表明，它们对水下的击打声、铃声或潜水员工作时发出的噪音都有反应。”（There can be no doubt that sharks hear perfectly. Experience has shown that they react to the sound of blows under water, to the sound of a bell, or to the noises made by a diver at work.），因此本题正确答案为选项D。
【干扰项排除】
A、B、C选项对应原文第一段倒数两句“我经常尝试一些建议，比如‘如果你看到鲨鱼靠近，用手拍打水面’，或者给刚开始潜水的人的著名警告：‘如果你想赶走鲨鱼，就在水里大喊。’根据我的经验，这样的建议几乎是犯罪。在大多数情况下，结果是立即受到攻击。”（I have often tried bits of advice like…an immediate attack.），属于反向干扰。
第2题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following adjectives can best describe the shark’s rush towards the spot where some blood is ______. 下面______形容词可以最好地描述鲨鱼冲向有血的地方。
A. criminal A. 惩罚的
B. senseless B. 无知觉的
C. helpless C. 无助的
D. terrified D. 吓坏了
【考查点】逻辑推理题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键信息可精确定位到原文第二段第三、四句“成群结队的鲨鱼疯狂地冲向他们自己的一只鲨鱼吞食了一点鱼的确切位置，这让人感到恐惧。这些野兽看起来势不可挡，致命，而且完全没有知觉。”（The mad rush of hordes of sharks toward the exact point where one of their own has devoured a bit of fish is terrifying to watch. The beasts seem unstoppable and fatal—and totally senseless.），因此本题正确答案为选项B。
【干扰项排除】
A、D选项原文未提及，属于无中生有；
C选项对应原文第二段第二句“我想，这是最让我震惊的，给我一种完全无助的感觉。”（This, I think, is what hits me most, giving me a feeling of complete helplessness.），这是形容作者的，属于张冠李戴。
第3题:
【选项释义】
In paragraph 3, the writer describes the behavior of sharks in order to show ______. 在第三段中，作者描述了鲨鱼的行为，以显示______。
A. the influence of its behavior A. 它行为的影响
B. the adaptation of its behavior B. 对其行为的适应
C. the unpredictability of its behavior C. 它行为的不可预测性
D. its difference from dog or crow D. 它与狗或乌鸦的区别
【考查点】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词可精确定位到原文第三段首句“有时，鲨鱼会从赤身裸体、手无寸铁的潜水员身边逃走，有时，它会撞上一个钢制的跳水笼子，猛烈地撞向瓦尔斯。”（Sometimes the shark will flee from a naked and unarmed diver, and at other times he will throw himself against a steel diving cage and hit furiously at the vars.），通过两个有时可得出此处描述的是它行为的不可预测性，因此本题正确答案为选项C。
【干扰项排除】
A选项原文没有提到鲨鱼行为的影响，属于无中生有；
B选项对应原文第三段最后一句“他完全适应了自己的生活”（He perfectly adapts to his life），只是本段一小个方面，属于以偏概全；
D选项原文未提及它与狗或乌鸦的区别，属于无中生有。
第4题:
【选项释义】
Which of the following statements about sharks is TRUE? 下列关于鲨鱼的陈述哪一个是正确的？
A. They are various kinds of puppet. A. 它们是各种各样的木偶。
B. Most of them swim from one place to another every year. B. 它们中的大多数每年都从一个地方游到另一个地方。
C. Most of them keep on swimming without stopping. C. 它们中的大多数不停地游泳。
D. Most of them have a swimming bladder. D. 它们中的大多数都有一个游鳔。
【考查点】逻辑推理题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词可精确定位到原文最后一段第一句“但事实证明，大多数鲨鱼日日夜夜都在不停地游泳。”（but it has been established that the majority swim unceasingly, day and night.），因此本题正确答案为选项C。
【干扰项排除】
A选项对应原文第四段第三句“但鲨鱼像木偶一样在我的世界中穿行”（But is it interfering with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of），只说像没说是，属于偷换概念；
B选项对应原文最后一段第一句“我们不知道鲨鱼是否从一个地区迁徙到另一个地区”（The social services…of the worms），属于曲解原文；
D选项对应原文最后一段第三句“鲨鱼没有‘鱼鳔’（一种能让大多数鱼类在不同深度保持稳定的器官）”（Sharks do not have a “swimming bladder”（ an organ that allows most fish to stabilize themselves at different depths）.），属于反向干扰。
第5题:
【选项释义】
The word “frenzy” most probably means ______. 单词“frenzy”最有可能的意思是______。
A. helplessness A. 无助
B. madness B. 疯狂
C. terror C. 惊恐
D. rush D. 匆促
【考查点】逻辑推理题。
【解题思路】根据题干关键词可精确定位到原文第二段首句“鲨鱼的疯狂似乎没有任何理由。”（There seems to be no reason for the shark’s frenzy. ），在下文第二句中提到“我想这一点最打击我的是给了我一种完全无助的感觉。”（This, I think, is what hits me most, giving me a feeling of complete helplessness.），可推测出是鲨鱼的疯狂令我害怕，因此本题答案为选项B。
【干扰项排除】
A、C、D选项均不符合词义。
