One of the biggest challenges in keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road is convincing them that it’s time to turn over the keys.
“It’s a complete life-changer” when someone stops — or is forced to stop — driving, said Anne M. Menke, a former risk manager for the Ophthalmic Mutual Insurance Co.
Part of the problem in keeping older drivers safe is that the difficulties are addressed piecemeal by different professions with different focuses, including gerontologists, highway administration officials, automotive engineers and others, said Elizabeth Dugan, an associate professor of gerontology at the University of Massachusetts. “There’s not a National Institute of Older Driver Studies,” she said. “We need better evidence on what makes drivers unsafe” and what can help, said Dugan, who has written extensively about healthy aging for Consumer Reports and other organizations.
One thing that does seem to work is requiring drivers to report in person for license renewal. Mandatory in-person renewal was associated with a 31 percent reduction in fatal crashes involving drivers 85 or older, according to one study. Passing vision tests also produced a similar decline in fatal crashes for those drivers, although there appeared to be no benefit from combining the two.
Many older drivers don’t see eye doctors or can’t afford to. Primary care providers have their hands full and may not be able to follow through with patients who have trouble driving because they can’t turn their heads or remember where they are going — or have gotten shorter and haven’t changed their seat settings sufficiently to reach car pedals easily.
As long as there are other cars on the roads, self-driving cars won’t solve the problems of crashes, said Dugan. Avoiding dangers posed by all those human drivers would require too many algorithms, she said. But we need to do more to improve safety, said Dugan.
“If we’re going to have 100-year lives, we need cars that a 90-year-old can drive comfortably.”
1.According to Paragraph1, keeping unsafe aging drivers off the road ______.
2.The American medical associations advice ______.
3.According to Dugan, efforts to keep older drivers safe _________.
4.Some older drivers have trouble driving because they tend to ___________.
5.Dugan thinks that the solution to the problems of crashes may lie in___________.
